Floods: physical processes and human impacts by K. Smith and R. Ward,John Wiley,Chichester 1998. No. of pages: 382     

D. Ingle Smith 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1999,24(13):1261-1261

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Isolation and characterization of bioactive fungi from shark <Emphasis Type="Italic">Carcharodon carcharias</Emphasis>’ gill with biopharmaceutical prospects     

张翼  冯妍  穆军  鲍海燕 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2016,34(1):186-199

Until recently, little was known about the fungi found in shark gills and their biomedicinal potential. In this article, we described the isolation, bioactivity, diversity, and secondary metabolites of bioactive fungi from the gill of a shark (Carcharodon carcharias). A total of 115 isolates were obtained and grown in 12 culture media. Fifty-eight of these isolates demonstrated significant activity in four antimicrobial, pesticidal, and cytotoxic bioassay models. Four randomly selected bioactive isolates inhibited human cancer cell proliferation during re-screening. These active isolates were segregated into 6 genera using the internal transcribed spacer-large subunit (ITS-LSU) rDNA-sequence BLAST comparison. Four genera, Penicillium, Aspergillus, Mucor, and Chaetomium were the dominant taxa. A phylogenic tree illustrated their intergenera and intragenera genetic diversity. HPLC-DAD-HRMS analysis and subsequent database searching revealed that nine representative strains produced diverse bioactive compound profiles. These results detail the broad range of bioactive fungi found in a shark’s gills, revealing their biopharmaceutical potential. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study characterizing shark gill fungi and their bioactivity.  相似文献   

Book Review: Defence from Floods and Floodplain Management edited by John Gardiner, Ödön Starosolszky and Vujica Yevjevich,Kluwer Academic Publishers,Dordrecht, 1995, NATO ASI Series E: Vol. 299. No. of pages: xii+568. Price: £178.00 (hb). ISBN 0792337050.     

David Ingle Smith 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1997,22(12):1185-1185

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Using GIS and K = 3 Central Place Lattices for Efficient Solutions to the Location Set‐Covering Problem in a Bounded Plane     

Stephanie L Straitiff  Robert G Cromley 《Transactions in GIS》2010,14(3):331-349

One of the simplest location models in terms of its constraint structure in location‐allocation modeling is the location set‐covering problem (LSCP). Although there have been a variety of geographic applications of the set‐covering problem (SCP), the use of the SCP as a facility location model is one of the most common. In the early applications of the LSCP, both potential facility sites as well as demand were represented by points discretely located in geographic space. The advent of geographic information systems (GIS), however, has made possible a greater range of object representations that can reduce representation error. The purpose of this article is to outline a methodology using GIS and K = 3 central place lattices to solve the LSCP when demand is continuously distributed over a bounded area and potential facility sites have not been defined a priori. Although, demand is assumed to exist over an area, it is shown how area coverage can be accomplished by the coverage of a point pattern. Potential facility site distributions based on spacings that are powers of one‐third the coverage distance are also shown to provide more efficient coverage than arbitrarily chosen spacings. Using GIS to make interactive adjustments to an incomplete coverage also provides an efficient alternative to smaller spacings between potential facility sites for reducing the number of facilities necessary for complete coverage.  相似文献   

Interpreting a Pareto set of operating options for water grids: a framework and case study     

Stephanie C. Ashbolt  Shiroma Maheepala  B.J.C. Perera 《水文科学杂志》2017,62(16):2631-2654

Multi-objective optimisation is being increasingly applied in water supply management to identify optimal operating options. However, a key challenge in the implementation of multi-objective optimisation is interpreting the large and multidimensional Pareto-optimal set. This paper shows how cluster, visual and post-optimisation analysis can aid the decision maker in addressing this challenge. This is demonstrated for a case study based on South East Queensland Water Grid, Australia, as part of a broader operational planning framework. Firstly, cluster analysis identifies a smaller set of representative options to aid in visual analysis. Secondly, visual analysis techniques are used to identify the trade-offs between objectives, the relationships between decision variables and objective performance, and to shortlist promising operating options. Finally, post-optimisation analysis techniques identify efficient operating options from the Pareto set, based on decision-maker preferences. Together these techniques can be used to identify a shortlist of operating options, for further consideration using multicriteria analysis.  相似文献   

Bioluminescence potential modeling with an ensemble approach     

Shulman  Igor  Anderson  Stephanie 《Ocean Dynamics》2019,69(5):599-614

Ocean Dynamics - The approach for modeling bioluminescence (BL) potential is proposed. The approach consists of (1) estimation of the adjoint (by backward in time integration of the adjoint model),...  相似文献   

The informal Australian city     

Kurt Iveson  Craig Lyons  Stephanie Clark  Sara Weir 《The Australian geographer》2019,50(1):11-27

In recent years, a vibrant literature on urban informality has emerged in urban geography. A key claim of this literature is that informality is not only present in cities in the Global South, and that the concept can be usefully applied to understand important dimensions of urbanisation in cities in the Global North. In this paper, we apply insights from that literature to an examination of informality in Australian cities, as a means of deepening our understanding of changes currently underway in urban governance and politics. Drawing on that literature and our own research into informal practices in Australian cities, we examine the forces that help to produce informality, the diverse forms and agents of informality, the forms of authority that they enact, and their relationship to formal economies, regulations and politics. We use examples of informal housing, informal labour, do-it-yourself music venues, graffiti and its regulation, food foraging, and queer community building in Sydney to illustrate our arguments. We conclude by reflecting on the lessons learnt across these diverse cases for our understanding of urban governance and politics in Australia, and offer an agenda for further research on this issue.  相似文献   

Now I See: Photovisualization to Support Agricultural Climate Adaptation     

Rachel E. Schattman  Stephanie Hurley  Martha Caswell 《社会与自然资源》2019,32(2):222-228

To remain viable, agricultural producers will need to adapt to changing climatic conditions in coming decades. Agricultural advisers play an important role in helping producers decide to adopt appropriate adaptation practices. Photovisualizations have the potential to complement currently utilized outreach and education strategies. This research uses a focus group approach to explore (1) whether photovisualizations can aid in decision-making about climate change adaptation, and (2) what characteristics of photovisualizations are most effective at conveying spatial aspects of adaptation practices. We found that photovisualizations generate rich discussions about ecological and economic effects as well as tradeoffs associated with climate adaptation practices. To have the greatest impact, photovisualizations should be used when producers are considering implementing high-cost or high-risk projects, when practices are likely to dramatically change the visual landscape, or when a practice is unfamiliar to a producer.  相似文献   

In situ calibration of the Martian cratering chronology     

Stephanie C. Werner 《Meteoritics & planetary science》2019,54(5):1182-1193

Crater densities on planetary surfaces allow assessing relative ages but so far firm calibration of so‐called cratering‐chronology models is available only for the Moon and limited to the past 4.1 billion years. Most planetary geological time scales are still model‐dependent, and essentially constrained by meteorite ages or by comparison to (dynamical) solar system evolution models. Here we describe in situ calibration of the Martian cratering chronology using cosmogenic and radiogenic isotope ages obtained by the NASA Curiosity rover. We determined the cratering‐rate ratio between Moon and Mars for recent times, and extended the calibration of cratering rates to earlier times than those based exclusively on lunar data. Our preferred interpretation supports monotonic flux decay since at least 4.24 Ga and likely since about 4.45 Ga, implying orbital migration of the giant planets, and its direct, transient, dynamical effect on the planetesimal populations was initiated early. But only Martian Sample Return will provide strongly needed capability for distinction of the different models currently available.  相似文献   

Neoglacial transition of atmospheric circulation patterns over Fennoscandia recorded in Holocene Lake Torneträsk sediments     

Matthias Thienemann  Stephanie Kusch  Hendrik Vogel  Benedikt Ritter  Enno Schefuî  Janet Rethemeyer 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2019,48(2):287-298

Atmospheric circulation over the North Atlantic has undergone significant fluctuations during the Holocene. To better constrain these changes and their impacts on the Fennoscandian subarctic, we investigated molecular and inorganic proxies as well as plant wax D/H isotopes (δD_C28) in a Holocene sedimentary record from Lake Torneträsk (Sweden). These data indicate a thermal maximum c. 8100 to 6300 cal. a BP with reduced soil organic matter input, followed by a long‐term cooling trend with increasing soil erosion. δD data suggest a stable atmospheric circulation with predominance of westerly flow and North Atlantic moisture sourcing during the Early and Middle Holocene. A substantial depletion in δD followed by increased flood frequency starting at c. 5300 cal. a BP and intensifying c. 1500 cal. a BP suggests a reorganization of the atmospheric circulation from zonal towards meridional flow with predominantly Arctic Ocean and Baltic Sea moisture sourcing.  相似文献