全文获取类型
收费全文 | 723篇 |
免费 | 26篇 |
国内免费 | 35篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 19篇 |
大气科学 | 39篇 |
地球物理 | 186篇 |
地质学 | 286篇 |
海洋学 | 65篇 |
天文学 | 62篇 |
综合类 | 3篇 |
自然地理 | 124篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 3篇 |
2022年 | 5篇 |
2021年 | 12篇 |
2020年 | 10篇 |
2019年 | 12篇 |
2018年 | 19篇 |
2017年 | 19篇 |
2016年 | 20篇 |
2015年 | 11篇 |
2014年 | 42篇 |
2013年 | 48篇 |
2012年 | 19篇 |
2011年 | 47篇 |
2010年 | 28篇 |
2009年 | 39篇 |
2008年 | 44篇 |
2007年 | 29篇 |
2006年 | 20篇 |
2005年 | 30篇 |
2004年 | 21篇 |
2003年 | 29篇 |
2002年 | 21篇 |
2001年 | 17篇 |
2000年 | 12篇 |
1999年 | 19篇 |
1998年 | 12篇 |
1997年 | 10篇 |
1996年 | 19篇 |
1995年 | 11篇 |
1994年 | 18篇 |
1993年 | 11篇 |
1992年 | 9篇 |
1991年 | 5篇 |
1990年 | 9篇 |
1989年 | 5篇 |
1988年 | 4篇 |
1987年 | 8篇 |
1986年 | 7篇 |
1985年 | 10篇 |
1984年 | 11篇 |
1983年 | 10篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1981年 | 3篇 |
1980年 | 7篇 |
1979年 | 6篇 |
1978年 | 8篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 6篇 |
1973年 | 3篇 |
1969年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有784条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
101.
Lederer Susan M. Campins Humberto Osip David J. Schleicher David G. 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》1997,78(1-3):131-136
We report the identification of gas jets in comet Hale-Bopp in OH, NH, CN, C2 and C3. This is the first time OH and NH jets without an obvious optical dust jet counterpart have been identified in narrowband
comet images. We also confirm the existence of CN jets as reported by Larson et al. (1997) and Mueller et al. (1998). Jet
features can be seen in the March and April 1997 datasets, approximately a month before and after perihelion. Our results
contribute to the understanding of both the chemical properties of the comet as well as the physical mechanisms necessary
to produce these features.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
102.
Natural populations ofG. asiatica Zhang & Xia andG. lemaneiformis (Bory) Weber van Bosse were studied during 1984 and 1986 in Zhanshan Bay, Qingdao (36°4'N, 120° 21'E). Rapid growth (length, weight) of these plants occurred between mid-May and late June (water temperatures, 15–20°C). The major epiphyte ofG. asiatica wasEnteromorpha linza, whilePunctaria latifolia was the major epiphyte ofG. lemaneiformis. Epiphytism declined throughout early summer, and epiphytes were rare after mid-July (1984); they did not reappear in late summer, although macrophyte growth declined abruptly after early July. Populations ofG. asiatica varied during late spring-early summer between adjacent sandy and rocky portions of the intertidal zone; plants at the sandy site were larger and epiphyte-free. Amphipod densities were low on both species ofGracilaria, but the most abundant species wereAmpithoe lacertosa, Caprella equilibra, C. krøyeri, C. scauraandPontogeneia rostrata. Additional information on general community structure is provided for theG. asiatica zone. 相似文献
103.
Since Berry argued in 1976 that counterurbanization had replaced urbanization in the U.S., a debate has ensued as to whether the phenomenon also exists in Western Europe. Proponents of a developmental theory of counterurbanization contend that the phenomenon should be evident in countries which have achieved a very high level of socioeconomic development, including the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG). Most of the German and English language literature on the topic suggests the contrary for the FRG. Here urbanization and counterurbanization are restricted to specific geographic meanings, i.e., spatial agglomeration and deglomeration. Results from four interrelated tests show a trend toward counterurbanization evident as early as the 1960s in the post-war regional demographic data of the FRG. 相似文献
104.
Support for a Freeze on nuclear weapons is greatest in the East with pockets of support in the Middle West and Pacific Coast States. Factors influencing the spatial pattern are Walker's innovativeness rankings, the number of peace/Freeze activist groups and the pattern of defense employment. 相似文献
105.
Summary results from a pilot study conducted around an oil production platform on the Northwest Shelf of Australia 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
King SC Johnson JE Haasch ML Ryan DA Ahokas JT Burns KA 《Marine pollution bulletin》2005,50(11):1163-1172
The Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS) conducted a pilot study around the Harriet A oil production platform on the Northwest Shelf of Australia. We evaluated hepatic ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity, fluorescent aromatic compounds (FACs) in bile and immunodetection of CYP1A-like proteins in two Australian tropical fish species, Gold-Spotted Trevally (Carangoides fulvoguttatus) and Bar-Cheeked Coral Trout (Plectropomus maculatus) to assess exposure to petroleum hydrocarbons associated with produced formation water (PFW). Additionally, the incidence of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria isolated from the liver and bile of all fish captured was examined. Low EROD activity was found in both species, with EROD activity in C. fulvoguttatus showing significant site differences. FACs and CYP1A protein levels in C. fulvoguttatus showed a clear trend in hydrocarbon exposure consistent with hydrocarbon chemistry data: Harriet A>Harriet C>reference site. P. maculatus showed elevated levels of FACs at Harriet A as compared to the reference site and demonstrated detectable levels of CYP1A-like proteins at these two sites. Hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria were found in the liver and bile of both species, yet there was no correlation by sites. Our results demonstrate that C. fulvoguttatus and P. maculatus have potential as indicator species for assessing the effects from exposure to petroleum hydrocarbons. Both FACs and CYP1A are providing warning signs that there is potential for biological effects on fish populations exposed to PFW around the Harriet A production platform. 相似文献
106.
Susan Werner Kieffer 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》1975,13(1-3):301-320
A model for shock-lithification of terrestrial and lunar regolith is proposed that accounts for: (1) observed petrographic properties and densities of shock-lithified material from missile impact craters at White Sands, New Mexico and from Meteor Crater, Arizona; (2) observed petrographic textures of lunar soil and lunar soil analogues experimentally shocked to known pressures in laboratory experiments; (3) theoretical calculations of the behavior of air and water under shock compression; and (4) measured Hugoniot and release adiabat data on dry and wet terrestrial soils and lunar regolith. In this model it is proposed that air or an air-water mixture initially in the pores of terrestrial soil affects the behavior of the soil-air-water system under shock-loading. Shock-lithified rocks found at Meteor Crater are classified as ‘strongly lithified’ and ‘weakly lithified’ on the basis of their strength in hand specimen; only weakly lithified rocks are found at the missile impact craters. These qualitative strength properties are related to the mechanisms of bonding in the rocks. The densities of weakly lithified samples are directly related to the pressures to which they were shock-loaded. A comparison of the petrographic textures and densities of weakly lithified samples with textures and densities of ‘regolith’ shock-loaded to known pressures suggests that weakly lithified terrestrial samples formed at pressures well under 100 kb, probably under 50 kb. If terrestrial soils are shock-loaded to pressures between 100 and 200 kb by impact events of short duration, the pore pressure due to hot air or air-water mixtures exceeds the strength of the weak lithification mechanisms and fragmentation, rather than lithification, occurs. At pressures above 200 kb, lithification can occur because the formation of glass provides a lithification mechanism which has sufficient strength to withstand the pore pressure. During shock-lithification of lunar regolith at pressures below 50 kb, the material is compressed to intrinsic crystal density and remains at approximately that density upon release from the shocked state. It is proposed, however, that at pressures in excess of 50 kb, the release of trapped volatiles from lunar soil grains into fractures causes an expansion of the regolith during unloading from the shocked state. 相似文献
107.
Rolando R. Garcia Susan Solomon Raymond G. Roble David W. Rusch 《Planetary and Space Science》1984,32(4):411-423
A two-dimensional numerical model with coupled photochemistry and dynamics has been used to investigate the response of the middle atmosphere (16–116 km) to changes in solar activity over the 11-year solar cycle. Model inputs that vary with solar cycle include solar radiation, cosmic ray and auroral ionization rates and the flux of NOx at the model's upper boundary.In this study, the results of model runs for solar cycle minimum and maximum conditions are compared. In the stratosphere, using currently accepted estimates of changes in solar radiation at wavelengths longer than 180 nm, only small responses in ozone, temperature and zonal winds are obtained. On the other hand, changes at shorter wavelengths, and the effects of particle precipitation, lead to large variations in the abundances of trace species in the thermosphere and upper mesosphere. In particular, very large abundances of NOx are produced above 90 km by auroral particle precipitation. Considerable amounts of NOx are transported subsequently to the stratosphere by the global mean meridional circulation. It is shown that this excess NOx can lead to significant decreases in ozone concentrations at high latitudes and that it may explain observations of nitrate deposition in Antarctic snow. 相似文献
108.
The present study examines the benthos within western inner Swansea Bay (Wales, UK), for the period before, during and immediately after the cessation of a major, sewage discharge from Mumbles Head. There have been significant improvements in seawater quality and changes in the species composition of the benthic communities following the cessation of the sewage discharge. There has been an increase in the diversity of deposit feeders, especially the amphipods, and a decrease in the diversity of the filter feeders, especially the polychaetes. Changes are not attributable either to sediment organic matter content or to gross changes in sediment type, but are related to the significant reduction in suspended particulate organic material and sewage contaminants discharged to the Bay. A recovery model has been proposed to describe how soft sediment benthic communities in a shallow, sublittoral, high tidal energy environment respond to the abrupt cessation of a major sewage discharge. 相似文献
109.
110.
Effectively communicating the complexity of climate change to the public is an important goal for the climate change research
community, particularly for those of us who receive public funds. The challenge of communicating the science of climate change
will be reduced if climate change researchers consider the links between personality types, communication tendencies and learning
preferences. Jungian personality type is one of many factors related to an individual’s preferred style of taking in and processing
information, i.e., preferred communication style. In this paper, we demonstrate that the Jungian personality type profile
of interdisciplinary, early career climate researchers is significantly different from that of the general population in the
United States. In particular, Ph.D. climate researchers tend towards Intuition and focus on theories and the “big picture”,
while the U.S. general population tends towards Sensing and focuses on concrete examples and experience. There are other differences
as well in the way the general public as a group prefers to take in information, make decisions, and deal with the outer world,
compared with the average interdisciplinary climate scientist. These differences have important implications for communication
between these two groups. We suggest that climate researchers will be more effective in conveying their messages if they are
aware of their own personality type and potential differences in preferred learning and communication styles between themselves
and the general public (and other specific audiences), and use this knowledge to more effectively target their audience. 相似文献