圆形数值波浪水池斜向和多向入射波浪模拟研究     

任兴月  陶军  彭伟 《海洋工程》2018,36(4):78-87

为了研究斜向入射波浪,基于三维不可压缩两相流模型,开发了一套圆形数值波浪水池数值模型。在圆形波浪水池中,通过源项造波法成功生成了任意入射方向的波浪,并且利用人工摩擦项模拟阻尼区以数值耗散反射波浪。模型基于嵌入式多块网格体系,采用FVM法(finite volume method)离散Navier-Stokes方程,VOF法(volume of fluid)追踪自由水面。试验结果表明,斜向入射波浪的模拟结果与理论值基本一致,圆形波浪水池在模拟斜向入射波浪时,有效区域的面积较传统波浪水池显著增大,而且有效区域受波浪入射角度的影响也较小。同时,通过叠加多列斜向入射波浪,模拟出了多向交叉波列,并通过与理论结果对比,发现其具有较高的精度。  相似文献   

步云山自然保护区生态功能价值研究   总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0  

于航  董德明  陶磊  王宪恩  于连生  阎振元  孔令锦  于新 《地理科学》2007,27(4):593-596

以可持续发展为目标,以生态学原理为标准,通过对保护区涵养水量、森林价值以及生态足迹三方面的研究和计算,系统分析了步云山自然保护区的生态功能,指出保护区在规划过程中存在的问题,提出相应解决办法的依据。  相似文献   

基于CA与AO的区域土地利用变化模拟研究——以三峡库区为例   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

曹银贵  王静  陶嘉  刘爱霞  许宁 《地理科学进展》2007,26(3):88-95

运用元胞自动机(Cellular Automata)与AO(ArcObject) 相结合的方法, 在VB 环境下编程来 进行三峡库区地类变化模拟研究。以1995 年和2005 年的土地利用图为基础数据, 比较研究期各 地类的变化数量与方向以确定地类转换之间的优先级, 然后确定地类的转换概率。研究结果表明 此方法便于理解与操作, 同时模拟精度高; 预测结果说理性强, 其结果显示三峡库区城镇建设用 地增加, 耕地面积减少, 水域的面积在增加。其预测结果可以指导库区的土地利用规划, 为库区有 效土地管理提供参考。  相似文献   

Climate Warming Mitigation from Nationally Determined Contributions     

Bo FU  Jingyi LI  Thomas GASSER  Philippe CIAIS  Shilong PIAO  Shu TAO  Guofeng SHEN  Yuqin LAI  Luchao HAN  Bengang LI 《大气科学进展》2022,39(8):1217-1228

Individual countries are requested to submit nationally determined contributions(NDCs) to alleviate global warming in the Paris Agreement. However, the global climate effects and regional contributions are not explicitly considered in the countries’ decision-making process. In this study, we evaluate the global temperature slowdown of the NDC scenario(?T =0.6°C) and attribute the global temperature slowdown to certain regions of the world with a compact earth system model.Considering reductions ...  相似文献   

北京主城区伪基站时空规律分析     

汪伟  陶海燕  卓莉  李敏  李旭亮  汪珂丽  史清丽 《地球信息科学学报》2018,20(7):978-987

随着公众移动通信的快速发展,伪基站的泛滥不仅破坏正常电信秩序,危害公共安全,而且严重损害群众财产权益,侵犯公民个人隐私,已成为社会一大公害。如何从垃圾短信大数据中挖掘出伪基站活动的时空规律,寻找有效的防控方案,从源头上进行打击和治理成为管理部门和研究者共同关注的焦点。本文基于北京市垃圾短信数据,利用非负矩阵分解的方法分析伪基站的时空分布规律;并利用TF-IDF构建垃圾短信分类模型,对垃圾短信进行分类,结合土地利用数据,分析伪基站在发送不同类型垃圾短信时的时空分布规律。结果显示：北京市垃圾短信多分布于路网和中心城区;白天垃圾短信数量远远多于晚上;垃圾短信的分布随时间的推移沿着路网逐渐向内收缩;发送不同类型垃圾短信的伪基站的时空分布具有一定的差异;通过非负矩阵分解得到的结果,与垃圾短信分类后得到的结果有很好的匹配。研究表明,非负矩阵分解具有实现上的简便性、分解形式和分解结果上的可解释性等优点,可以有针对性的为有关部门建言打击伪基站的有效方案,对于伪基站违法行为的治理具有一定的意义。  相似文献   

Newly discovered hydrothermal fields along the ultraslow-spreading Southwest Indian Ridge around 63°E     

陈杰  陶春辉  梁锦  廖时理  董传万  李怀明  李伟  王媛  岳羲和  何拥华 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(11):61-67

The ultraslow-spreading Southwest Indian Ridge(SWIR) to the east of the Melville fracture zone is characterized by very low melt supply and intensive tectonic activity. Due to its weak thermal budget and extremely slow spreading rate, the easternmost SWIR was considered to be devoid of hydrothermal activity until the discovery of the inactive Mt. Jourdanne hydrothermal field(27°51′S, 63°56′E) in 1998. During the COMRA DY115-20 cruise in2009, two additional hydrothermal fields(i.e., the Tiancheng(27°51′S, 63°55′E) and Tianzuo(27°57′S, 63°32′E)fields) were discovered. Further detailed investigations of these two hydrothermal sites were conducted by Chinese manned submersible Jiaolong in 2014–2015. The Tiancheng filed can be characterized as a lowtemperature(up to 13.2°C) diffuse flow hydrothermal field, and is hosted by fractured basalts with hydrothermal fauna widespread on the seafloor. The Tianzuo hydrothermal field is an inactive sulfide field, which is hosted by ultramafic rocks and controlled by detachment fault. The discovery of the three hydrothermal fields around Segment #11 which receives more melt than the regional average, provided evidence for local enhanced magmatism providing heat source to drive hydrothermal circulation. We further imply that hydrothermal activity and sulfide deposits may be rather promising along the easternmost SWIR.  相似文献   

南海北部冬季和夏季浮游哲水蚤类群落   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

张武昌  高尚武  孙军  陶振铖  杨波  孙松 《海洋与湖沼》2010,41(3):448-458

根据2004年2月10日-3月6日(冬季)和8月26日-9月6日(夏季)在南海北部的两个航次中用浮游动物大网垂直拖网采集的浮游动物样品,对该海域的浮游桡足类群落进行分析。结果表明,共发现哲水蚤类70种,冬季航次62种,夏季航次62种,种类的季节变化不大。在海洋站位,每个站位出现的哲水蚤类为4-41种,近岸的站位出现的种数少,向远海逐渐增多。哲水蚤总丰度冬季为10-353个/m3,夏季为13-205个/m3,从近岸到远海减少。哲水蚤生物量干重冬季为0.80-33.39mg/m3,夏季为0.64-5.81mg/m3,从近岸到远海减少。种类多样性指数采用香农-威弗指数,冬季为0.80-4.39,夏季为2.12-4.66,在近岸较低,远海较大。优势度大于2%的种被认为是优势种。冬季的优势种为:中华哲水蚤(Calanus sinicus)、小拟哲水蚤(Paracalanus parvus)、狭额真哲水蚤(Subeucalanus subtenuis)、弓角基齿水蚤(Clausocalanus arcuicornis)、长尾基齿水蚤(Clausocalanus furcatus)、达氏波水蚤(Cosmocalanus darwini)。夏季的优势种(类)为:微刺哲水蚤(Canthocalanus pauper)、小哲水蚤(Nannocalanus minor)、狭额真哲水蚤、亚强真哲水蚤(Subeucalanus subcrassus)、小拟哲水蚤、锥形宽水蚤(Temora turbinata)、柱形宽水蚤(T.stylifera)、异尾宽水蚤(T.discaudata)。这些种在各个站位占总丰度的15%-92%(平均为48%)。优势度大于5%的种有中华哲水蚤、小拟哲水蚤、狭额真哲水蚤、锥形宽水蚤、异尾宽水蚤,各种的丰度(除狭额真哲水蚤外)从近岸向远海降低。在远海深水的站位,出现了热带暖水种乳点水蚤属的腹突乳点水蚤(Pleuromamma abdominalis)、瘦乳点水蚤(P.gracilis)和粗乳点水蚤(P.robusta)。哲水蚤目种丰富度、桡足类丰度、多样性指数、优势种丰度从近岸到远海的变化趋势,反映了桡足类群落从近岸到远海的演替。  相似文献   

Study of A Geo-Acoustic Model of Gas-Bearing Sediment and Its Application in Sediment with Low Acoustic Velocity   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

陶春辉  李红星  邓显明  周建平  Fu Shun-sheng  R. H. Wilkens  顾春华  何拥华 《海洋工程》2010,(2):381-390

A new geo-acoustic model for gas-bearing sediment is proposed based on the work of Dvorkin and Prasad, and Biot theory. Only five geophysical parameters: sediment mineral composition, free gas saturation, tortuosity (also known as the structure factor), permeability, and porosity, are considered in the model. A benefit of this model is that we need only five parameters instead of ten parameters in the Biot’s formulas for acoustic velocity and attenuation calculation. Here the model is demonstrated with the in-situ experimental data collected from the Hangzhou Bay, China. The results of this study suggest that free gas content in sediment is the most critical condition resulting in a low acoustic velocity (compressional wave). The respective contributions of the other four parameters in the model are also discussed.  相似文献   

Baseflow Separation and Its Response to Meteorological Drought in a Temperate Water-limited Basin,North China     

LIU Qiang  YAN Sirui  LI Miao  MA Xiaojing  LIANG Liqiao  ZHANG Junlong  PAN Jihua 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2021,(5):867-876

Baseflow, a component of the total streamflow, plays a key role in maintaining aquatic habitats, particularly during extreme drought events. This study investigated baseflow response to a prolonged and extreme meteorological drought event in the Baiyangdian Basin(BYD basin), a temperate water-limited basin in North China. Applying a precipitation series, piecewise regression was used to determine this extreme meteorological drought event, while the Automatic Baseflow Identification Technique(ABIT) was used to estimate a recession parameter(α), which was used to isolate baseflow from total streamflow. Results showed that: 1) annual precipitation exhibited significant decreasing trends(P 0.05) with an average change of –1.81 mm/yr~2. The precipitation deficit revealed that the start and end date of the extreme meteorological drought event was from August 1996 to May 2011, respectively, persisting for a total of 178 months(roughly 15 yr); 2) hydrological drought(including streamflow and baseflow) lagged behind meteorological drought while predictably persisting longer than extreme meteorological drought(i.e., precipitation); and 3) baseflow decreased dramatically under meteorological drought at both seasonal and annual scales, resulting in significantly decreasing trends during drought periods. Findings from this study confirmed that hydrological events caused by extreme meteorological drought can alter the magnitude and duration of baseflow and total streamflow, which will have an inevitable influence on aquatic ecosystems.  相似文献   

基于雷达反射率因子和雷电定位数据的深度学习雷电预报模型     

李健  王宇  刘泽  李哲  吴大伟  陶汉涛  张磊 《气象科技》2022,50(5):724-733

利用卷积神经网络和门控循环单元（Gated recurrent units ）神经网络,基于雷达反射率因子和雷电定位数据开展了雷电预报研究。首先构建了引用注意力机制的基于卷积神经网络和门控循环单元神经网络的深度学习模型（Attention ConvGRU）;然后将雷达反射率因子数据和对应时间段（6 min）的雷电定位数据处理成图像数据后输入深度学习模型,训练出可预报雷电的模型,包括3种模型：单雷电数据模型、单雷达数据模型和雷电〖CD*2〗雷达双数据模型;最后开展了预报试验和定量评估。综合评估表明,本文建立的雷电预报模型综合预报准确率达到96.74%,虚警率35.83%,关键成功指数（Critical Success Index, CSI）为0.2072。个例分析表明,预报模型对于具有明显移动趋势的雷暴过程（A类雷暴）的预报效果优于不具有明显移动趋势的雷暴过程（B类雷暴）,且随着B类雷暴强度减弱模型预报能力逐渐减弱。  相似文献