Flood vulnerability among rural households in the Red River Delta of Vietnam: implications for future climate change risk and adaptation     

McElwee  Pamela  Nghiem  Tuyen  Le  Hue  Vu  Huong 《Natural Hazards》2017,86(1):465-492

Natural Hazards - The Red River Delta (RRD) of Vietnam, one of the world’s most densely populated deltas, is already vulnerable to flooding events, and climate change forecasts project...  相似文献   

Groundwater status and associated issues in the Mekong-Lancang River Basin: International collaborations to achieve sustainable groundwater resources          下载免费PDF全文

Eunhee Lee  Kyoochul Ha  Nguyen Thi Minh Ngoc  Adichat Surinkum  Ramasamy Jayakumar  Yongje Kim  Kamaludin Bin Hassan 《地下水科学与工程》2017,5(1):1-13

Groundwater is an important and readily available source of fresh water in the Mekong-Lancang River Basin. With a rapid population growth and increasing human activities, an increasing number of countries in the Mekong-Lancang River Basin are experiencing depleted and degraded groundwater supplies. In transboundary river basins, such as the Mekong-Lancang River, prioritizing the use of the shared aquifer by one riparian government may affect the opportunities of other riparian governments and lead to potential water conflicts between neighboring countries. To promote the sharing of strategies and information for the sustainable and equitable use of water resources of the shared basin, international collaborative workshops on groundwater resources have been organized for all Mekong-Lancang River countries. These workshops provide an opportunity to communicate and discuss nationally sensitive issues on groundwater by the associated countries, with topics covering multiple aspects of groundwater, such as the groundwater status in the basin, quality issues, water use conflicts, hydrological information gaps, management policies and capacity building for successful water resource management. Consensus has been reached by all countries on the importance of catchment-based groundwater management and the need for close communication among the countries. Strategies for managing transboundary aquifer issues must foster international collaboration based on the regional network, influence national networks and enhance the capacity to building maps and monitoring systems based on associated databases. The sustainability of water resources cannot be achieved without the integrated involvement and contributions by multiple countries and various stakeholders. Therefore, collaborative workshops provide a great opportunity to further our understanding of the hydrologic processes of the Mekong River Basin, share the benefits of the aquifer and provide a strategy and vision for sustainable water resource management in the Mekong-Lancang River countries.  相似文献   

Sedimentation behavior of flocculant-treated soil slurry     

Jia He  Soon Keat Tan  Thu Trang Vu  Kok Pang Lam 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2017,35(5):593-602

Soil slurry dredged from seabed is becoming more widely used in land reclamation projects. A major problem encountered is that soil slurry is very high in water content and the dewatering process is difficult and time consuming. In this paper, the use of chemical flocculant for the dewatering of soil slurry is proposed and experimentally tested. Polyacrylamide (PAM) with different charge types/charge densities was tested in preliminary slurry dewatering tests. The results showed that the most effective flocculant, cationic PAM (CPAM) with +15 charge density, can reduce the volume of soil slurry (500% water content) by around 60% in 10 minutes. In contrast, the volume of pure soil slurry was almost unchanged. Slurry sedimentation tests on slurries with different flocculant contents and water contents were conducted. It is shown that, by adding flocculant into soil slurry, the rate of settlement under self-weight can be considerably increased in the tested range of water contents (100.7–879.5%). But the water content at the final state increases with flocculant additions. Slurry sedimentation curves displayed different characteristics with different flocculant contents as well as water contents. It is evidenced by particle size analysis that the addition of flocculant into soil slurry can attract soil particles and form large flocs (assemblage of particles), which explains the faster settlement rate in flocculant-treated soil slurry as compared with pure soil slurry. Scanning electron microscopic analysis revealed that flocculant-treated soil particles are more randomly oriented, while soil particles with no flocculant addition deposit in a more paralleled manner. This could explain the higher water content of flocculant-treated soil slurry at the final state.  相似文献   

An inadvertent transport of the seeding material as a result of cloud modification     

Mladjen Ćurić  Dejan Janc  Vladan Vučković  Nemanja Kovačević 《Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics》2009,105(3-4):157-165

Successful seeding of clouds in weather modification experiments essentially depends on the seeding time and dynamics, amount of seeding material and location of the initial seeding area. In the present study, we focus on the influence of the initial seeding zone location on the transport of seeding agent material into the target cloud. In addition, the inadvertent transport of seeding material is analysed. During weather modification activities, a lot of seeding material can be transferred far from the seeding zone in a downwind direction. The primary motivation for this research was to prove this statement. We use a three-dimensional, mesoscale cloud-resolving model to achieve our goal. We performed sensitivity tests with respect to the distance between the mass centres of the initial seeding area and the cloud. Different seeding scenarios are analysed. Our principal findings are as follows: (1) For distances between the mass centres of the initial seeding area and the cloud below 2.5 km, all seeding agent material would be activated after a short time. For distances above 10 km, most of the seeding agent would remain inactivated, because horizontal transport of the seeding agent becomes more important than transport induced by the main updraft. For these scenarios, the seeding agent is injected in the cold peripheral part of the cloud. (2) Sensitivity tests show that the inactivated seeding agent would remain close to the seeding area if the seeding is performed below cloud base. This effect occurs even for large distances between the seeding area and the target cloud (>20 km) due to low-level convergence. Thus, this seeding method suppresses the inert seeding material from being transferred far from the seeding zone. (3) The complete seeding material stays inactivated if the seeding is performed between the ?8 and ?12°C isotherms in front of the increased reflectivity zone. As a consequence, it would be transferred far from its initial area. The cloud would not be able to capture the seeding agent even during its greatest lateral extent.  相似文献   

Tracer tests, hydrochemical and microbiological investigations as a basis for groundwater protection in a remote tropical mountainous karst area, Vietnam   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

Vu Thi Minh Nguyet  Nico Goldscheider 《Hydrogeology Journal》2006,14(7):1147-1159

The Tam Duong karst area in NW Vietnam is among the poorest and remotest regions in the country. The local population largely depends on water from two main karst springs. Due to agricultural activity and untreated domestic wastewaters, the spring water is often microbiologically contaminated. In order to provide a scientific basis for groundwater protection in the area, different field methods have been applied including hydrogeological framework investigations, tracer tests, and hydrochemical and microbiological sampling and analyses. All methods had to be adapted to the conditions of a poor and remote area. These adaptations included, amongst other measures, the use of a portable microbiological water_testing kit and the involvement of the local population in the sampling campaign. The tracer tests showed simple and direct connections between two important swallow holes and the two main springs, and made it possible to determine the linear groundwater flow velocities, which are extremely high (up to 875 m/h). The hydrochemical and microbiological data confirmed the strong impact of the streams sinking into the swallow holes on the spring water quality. Future groundwater source protection strategies should consequently focus on the reduction of polluting activities near the sinking streams and within their catchment areas.  相似文献   

The use of image processors for acquisition and reduction of astrometric data in real time     

J. -E. Arlot  W. Thuillot  F. Colas  Ch. Allet  D. T. Vu 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》1988,45(1-3):129-133

In Dynamical Astronomy, the data used to fit theories are positional observations. If the data are reduced using computers, the measure itself is not, and informations are lost. The classical way is to use photographic plates measured by hand. The use of automatic machine permits to save time but not to increase the amount of data.The arrival of silicium targets and CCD allows to acquire much more data directly stored on computer. We used this technique associated with array processors. So we succeeded to increase the accuracy of the data. This method was applied to the observation of the motion of some asteroids and of the Galilean satellites of Jupiter.  相似文献   

The Early Triassic Indosinian orogeny in Vietnam (Truong Son Belt and Kontum Massif); implications for the geodynamic evolution of Indochina   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

C. Lepvrier  H. Maluski  Vu Van Tich  A. Leyreloup  Phan Truong Thi  Nguyen Van Vuong 《Tectonophysics》2004,393(1-4):87

New structural field data at various scale and ⁴⁰Ar–³⁹Ar geochronological results, from the basement rocks in the Truong Son belt and Kontum Massif of Vietnam, confirm that ductile deformation and high-temperature metamorphism were caused by the Early Triassic event of the Indosinian Orogeny in the range of 250–240 Ma. A compilation of isotopic data obtained in other countries along the Sibumasu–Indochina boundary broadly indicates same interval of ages. This tectonothermal event is interpreted as the result of a synchronous oblique collision of Indochina with both Sibumasu and South China, inducing dextral and sinistral shearing along E–W to NW–SE and N–S fault zones, respectively. The collision along Song Ma follows the northwards subduction of Indochina beneath South China and the subsequent development of the Song Da zone which in turn was affected by the Late Triassic Indosinian phase of shortening. Within the Indochina plate, internal collisions occurred coevally in the Early Triassic, as along the Poko suture, at the western border of the Kontum Massif.  相似文献   

Hydrogeological investigation in the Mekong Delta around Ho-Chi-Minh City (South Vietnam) by electric tomographyInvestigation hydrogéologique dans le delta du Mékong,autour de la ville de Ho-Chi-Minh (Sud-Vietnam), par tomographie électrique     

Van Ngoc Pham  Danièle Boyer  Jean-Louis Le Mouël  Thi Kim Thoa Nguyen 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(10):733-740

In the Mekong Delta (South Vietnam), the agglomeration of Ho-Chi-Minh (HCM) City, with more than 5 million inhabitants, is confronted with a dramatic shortage of fresh water supply because of the pollution of several aquifers at different depths. The electric tomography, obtained by concurrent inversion of two complementary geoelectrical methods, the Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) and the Magneto-Telluric Sounding (MTS), turned out to be very efficient to provide a complete electrical image of the underground from the surface until about 800 m depth. This methodology constitutes a very cheap guide for the evaluation of the quality of the groundwater resources in the vast alluvial plain of the Mekong Delta. To cite this article: V.N. Pham et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 733–740.  相似文献   

The ethylxanthate adsorption on copper-activated sphalerite under flotation-related conditions in alkaline media     

S. R. Popov  D. R. Vu ini 《International Journal of Mineral Processing》1990,30(3-4)

Floatability and surface characteristics of sphalerite in the presence of different concentrations of copper sulphate and K-ethylxanthate, for various times of activation and collection, were studied. The resulting changes on the sphalerite surface were determined by infrated attenuated total reflection spectroscopy and correlated with electrokinetic measurement and floatability test results.The collectorless flotation of the examined sphalerite was very weak in alkaline media, independent of whether the mineral was activated with copper or without copper treatment. However, copper showed an activating effect on KEX sphalerite flotation in the alkaline region. Copper ions of high concentration provoked an “apparently depressing effect” on KEX sphalerite flotation, reacting with EX⁻ to form copper-ethylxanthate-like species in the bulk of the solution. After decantation of the solution, before KEX was added, the depressing effect disappeared and sphalerite flotation was virtually complete.Cu(I)-ethylxanthate was the main surface product under the different experimental conditions. The kinetics of the copper-ion adsorption and KEX adsorption was relatively fast.  相似文献   

Deep Ground-Water Investigation by Combined VES/MTS Methods Near Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Van  Ngoc Pham  Daniele Boyer  Thi Kim Thoa Nguyen  Van  Giang Nguyen 《Ground water》1994,32(4):675-682

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