淮河流域焦岗湖水质参数时空变化及影响因素   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

王变  陈飘雪  韦绪好  孙庆业 《湖泊科学》2016,28(3):520-527

焦岗湖是淮河左岸一个天然湖泊,集防洪、灌溉、养殖、旅游等多种功能于一体.利用焦岗湖4个季节水质监测数据,运用Kriging方法,分析焦岗湖水质参数的时空变化及影响因素.结果表明:由于受水文季节变化过程及人类活动等综合影响,焦岗湖水质参数在时间及空间上均存在一定差异.从时间变化来看,夏季透明度较低、秋季较高;溶解氧浓度在春、冬季显著高于夏、秋季;总氮、总磷浓度与高锰酸盐指数均表现为夏季最高、秋季最低.从空间变化来看,4个季节的透明度空间差异较为显著;溶解氧浓度在春、冬季空间分布较为均匀,夏季呈现中心高周围低的变化趋势,秋季则表现为西高东低;总磷浓度春季分布较为均匀,夏、秋及冬季则呈西高东低之势;高锰酸盐指数在春、秋季节呈现东高西低之势,夏季高浓度主要集中在湖区北部,冬季浓度变化不大.  相似文献   

高岭土/聚丙烯酸高吸水材料合成及表面改性   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

魏月琳  吴季怀  黄昀昉  钟金凤 《矿物学报》2005,25(4):379-384

采用高温快速的水溶液聚合方法合成了高岭土／聚丙烯酸高吸水性复合材料,探讨了复合材料合成过程中各种因素,如引发剂用量、交联剂用量、中和度、高岭土超细粉用量等对复合材料吸水倍数的影响,还对该高吸水性复合材料进行表面亲水改性研究,结果表明表面亲水改性有利于提高复合材料的吸水速率。  相似文献   

灰色误差理论在岩矿测试数据处理中的应用   总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1  

陈月源  曹成东  袁秀茹  魏轶  谈建安 《岩矿测试》2009,28(6):576-582

介绍了灰色误差理论,并应用于岩矿测试数据基本处理。结果表明,在误差变化范围小的岩矿化学分析中,测量数据的累加曲线为线性关系,在元素不均匀性分布的岩矿化学分析(例如不均匀性金的测试)和岩石强度试验等分散性大的测试中,测量数据的累加曲线为曲线关系,但灰色标准偏差和传统统计学的标准偏差非常接近。该方法简单易行,具有相当的精度和较强的实用性,对测量数据少或难于寻求统计规律的测量过程尤为实用,是一种新的尝试。  相似文献   

嫩江蛋白石页岩的结构及其吸附性能     

杨殿范  魏存弟  宁维坤  徐少南  蒋引珊 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2010,40(5):1061-1065

对嫩江蛋白石页岩在600 ℃和1200℃之间进行了热活化处理,通过SEM、XRD和BET等测试手段对热处理前后的样品进行了表征,并测试了蛋白石页岩对罗丹明B溶液的吸附性能.结果表明:该蛋白石页岩主要由鳞石英和α-石英微晶经无序聚集形成,具有多孔状结构特征;原土比表面积平均高达82.856 m2/g,并随热处理温度升高而略有增加,900℃时比表面积达最大值,此后随热处理温度的升高比表面积快速下降;对罗丹明B溶液的吸附速率快,脱色率可达96%以上.该蛋白石页岩吸附能力强、吸附速度快、热稳定性高,具有广泛的应用前景.  相似文献   

植物秸秆作补充碳源对人工湿地脱氮效果的影响   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

魏星  朱伟  赵联芳  陈家伟 《湖泊科学》2010,22(6):916-922

研究以芦苇杆、树枝及芦苇杆+树枝这三组植物秸秆作为碳源,分别补充于人工湿地基质表层(0-5cm)和中层(30-35cm)对脱氮效果的影响.试验结果表明,在进水条件下,补充植物秸秆能将人工湿地系统的TN去除率从44%提高到53%-66%,秸秆材料种类对脱氮效果影响不显著;对于三组植物秸秆材料,补充在中层均能较表层更好地提高脱氮效果,而且具有更强的抵抗进水氮负荷冲击能力.沿程氮形态分析表明:补充植物秸秆后,可以解除由于有机碳源不足产生的硝氮、亚硝氮积累,提高总氮的去除效率;而秸秆补充于中层,由于未干扰进水氨氮的硝化过程,增加底物硝氮、亚硝氮的反硝化反应,从而较之补充于表层有更好的脱氮效果.  相似文献   

广西北海半岛夏季营养盐及水质状况分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

徐轶肖  陶晓娉  刘成辉  韦光领  何喜林  姚秋翠  陈武荣  李斌 《海洋科学》2021,45(6):107-117

近年北部湾藻华灾害频发,为了解与藻华暴发密切相关的营养盐及水质状况,2020年8月作者对北部湾北海半岛铁山港、营盘、涠洲岛、斜阳岛及涠洲岛西部远岸海域共21个站位采集表层海水,分析营养盐含量和结构特征,并利用富营养化指数和有机污染指数对该海域水质进行等级划分与评价。结果表明：北海半岛海域DIN、PO₄-P和SiO₃-Si均值分别为0.210、0.021和0.270 mg/L。其中,铁山港营养盐由港内至港外呈递减趋势,营盘海域由近岸至远岸,DIN和SiO₃-Si含量先递减再增加,PO₄-P则表现为递增,涠洲岛海域及远岸各站位营养盐分布无明显特征。北海半岛海域N/P、Si/N和Si/P均值分别为11.8、1.7和14.6,显示47.6%海域为潜在N限制,而潜在P限制和Si限制海域均为9.5%;叶绿素a仅与COD显著相关,相关系数为0.475。调查海域富营养化指数均值1.82,以铁山港港内富营养化程度最高,由港内严重富营养至港外贫营养递减,营盘近岸7号站位中度富营养,其余76.2%调查站位仍处于贫营养水平;有机污染指数均值1.85,良好和较好水质共占38.1%,其余61.9%水质受到不同程度有机污染,亦以铁山港水质污染最为严重,重度污染仅在该海域发现。可见,北海半岛夏季表层海水以潜在N限制为主,铁山港和营盘近岸富营养化和有机污染较严重,其余站位基本良好,影响表层水体叶绿素a含量的主要因素是有机质,可能与海域微生物强烈降解作用相关。本研究可为北部湾海洋环境保护和赤潮研究提供基础环境数据。  相似文献   

A new species of the glass sponge genus Walteria (Hexactinell-ida: Lyssacinosida: Euplectellidae) from northwestern Pacific seamounts,providing a biogenic microhabitat in the deep sea     

Chengcheng Shen  Hong Cheng  Dongsheng Zhang  Bo Lu  Chunsheng Wang 《海洋学报(英文版)》2021,40(12):39-49

We report on a hexactinellid sponge new to science, Walteria demeterae sp. nov., which was collected from the northwestern Pacific seamounts at depths of 1271–1703 m. Its tubular and basiphytous body, extensive lateral processes, numerous oval lateral oscula which are irregularly situated in the body wall, the presence of microscleres with oxyoidal, discoidal and onychoidal outer ends, and the absence of anchorate discohexasters, indicate it belongs to the genus Walteria of family Euplectellidae, which is also supported by molecular phylogenetic evidence from 18S, 28S, 16S rRNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene sequences. The unique morphotype, which is structured by a thin and rigid framework of body wall and lateral processes consisting of diactins, characterizes it as a new species. Local aggregations of individuals of this new species coupled with their associated macrofauna in the Suda Seamount are reported, highlighting its functional significance in providing biogenic microhabitats in the deep sea.  相似文献   

Alentiana palinpoda,a new commensal polynoid species from a seamount in the Northwest Pacific Ocean     

Yueyun Wang  Hong Cheng  Chunsheng Wang 《海洋学报(英文版)》2021,40(12):12-19

Alentiana has only one member, A. aurantiaca (Verrill, 1885), commensal with sea anemone (Bolocera tuediae). Here, Alentiana palinpoda sp. nov., a second member in the genus Alentiana (subfamily Lepidastheniinae), a new commensal polynoid is described, based on a specimen collected from a deep-water seamount in the Northwest Pacific Ocean. The new species is characterized by large elytra that completely cover the dorsum and are present in every third segment in the posterior regions. Neuropodia are truncated, with two types of neurochaetae;supraacicular chaetae toothed on one side with a slightly inflated end, and subacicular chaetae that are heavy and smooth; the prechaetal lobe is larger than the postchaetal lobe, with the ventral part rolling upward and  相似文献   

Ophiuroid fauna of cobalt-rich crust seamounts in the Northwest Pacific Ocean     

Wanying Chen  Jieying Na  Chengcheng Shen  Ruiyan Zhang  Bo Lu  Hong Cheng  Chunsheng Wang  Dongsheng Zhang 《海洋学报(英文版)》2021,40(12):55-78

Seamounts are vulnerable ecosystems in the deep sea and can be heavily impacted by human activities, such as bottom fishing and deep-sea mining. The species composition and distribution patterns of benthic fauna is key information for the designation of marine protected areas and environmental management plans. Three contracts for cobalt-rich crust exploration have been granted to China, Japan and Korea in the Northwest Pacific Ocean by the International Seabed Authority. However, our knowledge of benthic biodiversity in this area is extremely insufficient. During 2013–2020, eight Chinese Ocean Mineral Resources R&D Association (COMRA) cruises were conducted to investigate the benthic assemblages of nine seamounts in this region. In this study, 191 ophiuroids collected from seamounts in the Northwest Pacific were identified into 29 species in 11 families. Ophiacanthidae and Euryalidae were the two most dominant families with 12 and 6 species, respectively. Ophiotomidae and Ophiopyrgidae were represented by two species each, while seven families were represented by only one species. Four species were widely distributed among 4–5 seamounts, and 17 species were found only at a single site. An integrated regional taxonomic dataset of Ophiuroidea was generated and analyzed. A total of 23 and 14 species were obtained from the Magellan Seamount Chain (MSC) and the Marcus-Wake seamounts (MWS), respectively, with 8 species shared between the two seamount groups. The individual-based rarefaction curves did not reach an asymptote, suggesting that the sampling effort was inadequate for either the entire region or each single seamount. Most species distributed in a narrow depth range, and the species composition was different between water depths above and below 2000 m. Our results greatly improve the understanding of megafaunal biodiversity from seamounts in the Northwest Pacific Ocean, and highlight the necessity of further surveys to provide more robust information for environmental protection and management in this region.  相似文献   

湖泊沉积物中微量金属二次迁移过程中微生物作用的实验研究   总被引：13，自引：1，他引：12  

汪福顺  刘丛强  梁小兵  魏中青  李军  徐海 《湖泊科学》2006,18(1):49-56

蓄积在湖泊沉积物中污染物质某些情况下可以成为威胁上覆水体水质安全的二次污染源．根据贵州省阿哈湖季节性缺氧的特性,通过控制氧化还原状况,设计了对该湖沉积物-水柱的原样／抑菌条件的培养实验．实验发现,微生物活动对界面附近氧化还原反应具有控制作用;改变水体的含氧状况可以显著影响上覆水体水质,包括表观性状和水体中污染物含量．聚类分析结果表明,早期成岩过程中Mn,Ga,SO4 2-,Cu,Cr,Pb和Co,Ni,Fe,Sc,V,Rb两大类分别具有相似的地球化学行为．根据实验结果,计算了厌氧培养过程中,微量元素的最大释放量,发现铁、锰在厌氧过程中可以大量向水体释放．  相似文献