基于相干原理的多波束测深新算法          下载免费PDF全文

张毅乐  李海森  么彬  周天 《海洋测绘》2010,30(6):8-11

为了改善多波束声纳的分辨率,提出了一种基于相干原理的测深新算法,对每一个波束脚印内的信号进行相干处理,获得了大量的海底深度值。在此基础上,采用新算法对仿真数据和某型号多波束测深声纳湖上实验数据进行处理。结果表明,相对于传统多波束测深算法,该算法可显著提高声纳海底测量的分辨率,获得大量的海底深度测量值。  相似文献   

海洋浮游藻色素分析和化学分类研究进展   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

邓春梅  姚鹏  刘淑霞  于志刚 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2010,40(4)

综述了海洋浮游藻色素分析和化学分类研究的最新进展。指出目前以色谱柱串联技术为基础的高分辨高效液相色谱质谱联用已经成为色素分析方法的主要发展趋势。利用此方法对藻类特征色素进行再分析有助于获得对藻类色素分布的新认识。CHEMTAX是在宏观上对浮游藻进行化学分类的良好工具,采用多次运算的方式可以减少其对初始色素比值的依赖,使结果向"真实值"收敛,提高结果的准确性。指出研究以特征色素比值组合为基础的浮游藻精细化学分类方法,以及将以色素分析为基础的浮游藻化学分类应用于了解浮游藻功能类群在生源要素和生物矿物质等的生物地球化学循环过程中的作用是未来的发展趋势。  相似文献   

The response of CO2 flux to rain pulses at a saline desert     

Jie Ma  Xin‐Jun Zheng  Yan Li 《水文研究》2012,26(26):4029-4037

As the substantial component of the ecosystem respiration, soil CO₂ flux is strongly influenced by infrequent and unpredictable precipitation in arid region. In the current study, we investigated the response of soil CO₂ flux to rain pulses at a saline desert in western China. Soil CO₂ flux was measured continuously during the whole growing season of 2009 at six sites. We found that there were remarkable changes in amplitude or diurnal patterns of soil CO₂ flux induced by rainfall events: from bimodal before rain to a single peak after that. Further analysis indicated that there is a significant linear relationship (P < 0.001) between soil CO₂ flux and soil temperature (T_soil). However, a hysteresis between the waveform of diurnal course of CO₂ flux and T_soil was observed: with soil CO₂ flux always peaked earlier than T_soil. Furthermore, a double exponential decay function was fitted to the soil CO₂ flux after rainfall, and total carbon (C) releases were estimated by numerical integration for rainfall events. The relative enhancement and total C release, in association with the rain pulses, was linearly related to the amount of precipitation. According to the size and frequency of rainfall events, the total amount of C release induced by rain pulses was computed as much as 7.88 g C·m^–2 in 2009, equivalent to 10.25% of gross primary production. These results indicated that rain pulses played a significant role in the carbon budget of this saline desert ecosystem, and the size of them was a good indicator of rain‐induced flux enhancement. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

3株海洋来源微生物代谢产物及其抗肿瘤活性   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

任虹  崔承彬  李长伟  姚志伟  杨明 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2010,40(5)

从3株海洋微生物发酵物的抗肿瘤活性部位分离鉴定了放线菌内酯素(1)、2-吡咯酸(2)、5,7,4'-三羟基异黄酮(3)、7,4'-二羟基异黄酮(4)、环(脯-甘)二肽(5)、N-甲酰基-星形孢菌素(6)、过氧化麦角甾醇(7)、6,9-环氧麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3-醇(8)等8个化合物。这些化合物分别产自2株放线菌L39-3(1和2)、L20-1d1(3~6)和1株真菌LJW-110(7和8)。抗肿瘤活性初步测试结果表明,除2和5以外对K562细胞均有不同程度抑制作用,在100μg/mL浓度下的抑制率约在32%~66%范围之内。  相似文献   

Soil saturation index of salt marshes subjected to spring‐neap tides: a new variable for describing marsh soil aeration condition     

Pei Xin  Badin Gibbes  Ling Li  Zhiyao Song  David Lockington 《水文研究》2010,24(18):2564-2577

Organized spatial distribution of plants (plant zonation) in salt marshes has been linked to the soil aeration condition in the rhizosphere through simplistic tidal inundation parameters. Here, a soil saturation index (ratio of saturation period to tidal period at a soil depth) is introduced to describe the soil aeration condition. This new index captures the effects of not only the tidal inundation period and frequency but also the flow dynamics of groundwater in the marsh soil. One‐dimensional numerical models based on saturated flow with the Boussinesq approximations and a two‐dimensional variably saturated flow model were developed to explore the behaviour of this new soil aeration variable under the influence of spring‐neap tides. Simulations revealed two characteristic zones of soil aeration across the salt marsh: a relatively well aerated near‐creek zone and a poorly aerated interior zone. In the near‐creek zone, soils undergo periodic wetting and drying as the groundwater table fluctuates throughout the spring‐neap cycle. In the interior, the soil remains largely water saturated except for neap tide periods when limited drainage occurs. Although such a change of soil aeration condition has been observed in previous numerical simulations, the soil saturation index provides a clear delineation of the zones that are separated by an ‘inflexion point’ on the averaged index curve. The results show how the saturation index represents the effects of soil properties, tidal parameters and marsh platform elevation on marsh soil aeration. Simulations of these combined effects have not been possible with traditional tidal inundation parameters. The saturation index can be easily derived using relatively simple models based on five non‐dimensional variables. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

北黄海潮流、余流垂直结构及其季节变化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

鲍献文  宋军  姚志刚  乔璐璐  鲍敏  万凯 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2010,40(11)

基于对2006年夏季与2007年冬季在123.51°E,38.00°N的各1个月潮流和水位观测数据的分析,发现夏季余流呈现两层结构,上层流向为西北,下层流向东南,并且当大潮日期附近,在跃层附近深度存在若干流速较强的水层;冬季余流除了个别层以外基本上均为西北向流入北黄海,从中可以看到风场改变所引发的异常增减水和强流出现。对潮流椭圆的分析表明,半日潮族分潮流的最大流向自夏季至冬季存在着顺时针的旋转,旋转角大约为16(°)～18(°),并且夏季半日潮族随深度顺时针,全日潮族逆时针旋转,而冬季基本上上下一致。  相似文献   

Managing coastal area resources by stated choice experiments     

Xin Liu  Kai W. Wirtz 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2010,86(3):512-517

In many coastal regions, oil spills can be considered as one of the most important and certainly the most noticeable forms of marine pollution. Efficient contingency management responding to oil spills on waters, which aims at minimizing pollution effects on coastal resources, turns out to be critically important. Such a decision making highly depends on the importance attributed to different coastal economic and ecological resources. Economic uses can, in principal, be addressed by standard measures such as value added. However, there is a missing of market in the real world for natural goods. Coastal resources such as waters and beach cannot be directly measured in money terms, which increases the risk of being neglected in a decision making process. This paper evaluates these natural goods of coastal environment in a hypothetical market by employing stated choice experiments. Oil spill management practice in German North Sea is used as an example. Results from a pilot survey show that during a combat process, beach and eider ducks are of key concerns for households. An environmental friendly combat option has to be a minor cost for households. Moreover, households with less children, higher monthly income and a membership of environmental organization are more likely to state that they are willing to pay for combat option to prevent coastal resources from an oil pollution. Despite that choice experiments require knowledge of designing questionnaire and statistical skills to deal with discrete choices and conducting a survey is time consumed, the results have important implications for oil spill contingency management. Overall, such a stated preference method can offer useful information for decision makers to consider coastal resources into a decision making process and can further contribute to finding a cost-effective oil preventive measure, also has a wide application potential in the field of Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM).  相似文献   

MARINE HAZARDS IN COASTAL AREAS AND HUMAN ACTION AGAINST THEM-A CASE STUDY OF THE CHANGJIANG RIVER ESTUARIES AND QIANTANG RIVER     

陈吉余  李道季  姚炎明  李军  金文华 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1999,17(2)

INTRODUCTIONMarinehedsresultinginenomouslossestousuallyPOpulousandeconondcallyde-veloPedlowandcoastalandestUdrineregi0nsareforngseriousattenti0n.msarticlediscussesP0ssiblepreventivemeasaresagainstInariflehazaIdsbasedonacasestUdyoftheestUedesoftheChanaiiangffiverandQiantanffiver-ThesetwoareasoftheChanaiiangDeltaareboicalofc0astalregionsfreqUenilysufferingfromdrinehazanls,andarethemostsociallyandeconondcallydeveloPedregionsinChina.Theirinhabitantshaveahist0-ryofmorethanathouSandyeare0…  相似文献   

基于PSR模型的石化园区海洋环境影响后评估指标体系研究          下载免费PDF全文

赵素芳  袁仲杰  姚翔  王薇 《应用海洋学学报》2018,37(3):404-412

我国将建成七大国家级石化产业园区,这些石化园区无一例外的位于沿海地区或海岛上,为此加强石化园区运营期海洋环境保护意义重大.环境影响后评估是运营期检验园区环境管理水平、查找园区环境问题的重要手段之一.目前,石化园区环境影响后评估主要以环境要素逐一分析法最为常见,而将石化园区作为一个整体从资源、环境、管理等角度综合评估的方法尚不多见.本研究在阐述我国海洋环境后评估和深入分析石化园区用海特点的基础上,结合PSR框架模型加以总结,提出了石化园区海洋环境影响后评估框架与指标体系,分为框架层、方案层和指标层,共25项考核指标,以期为今后沿海石化园区海洋环境管理研究提供思路.同时,本研究明确了各类评估指标赋值和权重等计算方案,并以大连某石化园区为案例进行了评估效果验证.  相似文献   

双基地激光测风雷达回波信号仿真研究          下载免费PDF全文

李绍辉  孙学金  邵连军  易欣  张传亮 《气象科学》2023,43(4):523-533

本文针对传统的体散射模型并未考虑大气不均匀性对信号传输的影响等问题,通过引入垂直非均匀的大气参数改进了模型,并利用其建立了体目标的双基地激光测风雷达方程,仿真了侧向散射回波信号,并与单基地雷达进行了对比分析。研究表明:水平方向上,双基地激光测风雷达的回波信号分布特征与单基地雷达差异较大,其回波信号等值线在近地面为卵形线,随着探测高度的增加,回波信号等值线逐渐变为以主、被动雷达为焦点的椭圆形,并最终趋近于圆形;垂直方向上,双基地激光测风雷达的回波信号随高度衰减剧烈,近地面的回波能量约为10^-10 J,4 km高度的回波能量约为10^-15J,在中低层大气(0~10 km),回波信号中气溶胶散射占比大,在高层大气(10 km以上),分子散射占比大。  相似文献