Sorption of Eu~(3+) onto nano-size silica-water interfaces     

HU Ping    YIN Xiulan  ZHAO Linghu & LI Dien . Department of Earth Sciences  China University of Geosciences  Wuhan  China  . Northeastern Illinois University  Chicago  IL  USA  . China Institute of Geo-Environmental Monitoring  Beijing  China  . Division of Chemistry  Los Alamos National Laboratory  Los Alamos  NM  USA 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(11)

A large amount of nuclear wastes has been pro-duced due to nuclear weapon development and nuclear electricity generation. One possible resolution for the disposal of the nuclear wastes is to seal them in an underground repository, which requires detailed knowledge on the mobility, chemical behavior and immobilization of radionuclides in underground water. In addition, toxic heavy metals are extensively present in ground and underground water, how to immobilize and remedy these toxic heavy meta…  相似文献   

松辽、加西盆地非震地球物理预测稠油藏技术方法对比研究     

徐宝慈  王喜臣  贾建秀  尹航 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2005,(Z1)

松辽盆地同加拿大西部盆地同属环太平洋构造带控制的中生代内陆盆地,二者在构造环境、演化条件等诸多方面有着许多相似之处。松辽盆地的稠油、油砂藏有着很可观的远景储量。借鉴加拿大地球物理勘探经验及技术,勘探并开发松辽盆地斜坡地带稠油、油砂藏。  相似文献   

放射性勘探探寻油气藏的试验效果     

尹航  王喜臣  李成立  徐宝慈  马淑艳 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2005,(Z1)

对应用放射性直接探寻油气藏勘探试验所取得已知油藏区的资料进行了综合分析。总结了油气藏上方放射性异常的规律;探讨了放射性异常与油气藏的关系。对放射性异常的数据处理方法及应用放射性方法探寻油气藏的应用效果进行了剖析。指出:在实际应用中,氡浓度测量在勘查油气藏方面比伽玛能谱总量和伽玛能谱具有较好的应用效果。  相似文献   

海南博螯沿岸地貌与人类活动的潜在影响     

朱大奎  殷勇  I.Peter Martini 《地理学报(英文版)》2005,15(2)

The Boao coastal system along the eastern coast of Hainan Island is a dynamic delta-tidal inlet-barrier formed during the late Holocene. The delta developed inside a shallow lagoon barred by a sandy barrier with a narrow, shallow tidal inlet opening. Two major distributary channels separated by small islands characterize the delta. The lagoon is silting up receiving and trapping sediments from both the river and, in minor measure during storms, through the tidal inlet opening and barrier washovers. The barrier at the tidal inlet is highly dynamic and changes its form, accreting (migrating spit) against the inlet during fair-weather conditions and being eroded during storms and river floods.The delta has almost completely filled the lagoon and major concerns exist on the effect that ongoing large development plans may have on the environment. These concerns include the effect on floods and rate of siltation once banks of the islands have been stabilized and floodwater and sediment load are impeded from spreading over the lowlands, and the effect of increasing pollutant loads from the new facilities on the ecosystems of the increasingly restricting lagoon water and on the seashores.  相似文献   

沉降-时间曲线呈“S”型的证明及其应用——从土体本构关系   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

梅国雄  宰金珉  殷宗泽  赵维炳 《岩土力学》2005,(Z1)

从土体本构关系出发,严格证明了在线性加载或近似线性加载情况下(这和岩土工程实际加载相类似),沉降-时间曲线呈“S”型,并由此建立了新的沉降-时间预测模型,工程应用证明了该模型的合理性。  相似文献   

Proof of settlement-time curve appearing “S” shape with ramp load and its application base on stress-strain relationship   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

MEI Guo-xiong  ZAI Jin-min  YIN Zong-ze  ZHAO Wei-bing 《岩土力学》2005,26(Z1):21-24

Based on stress-strain relationship of soil, the proof is made for that s-t curve appears “S” shape when the load is increased linearly, which is similar to construction process. A new model of forecasting the relation of settlement-time is presented. Case history shows the rationality of the method.  相似文献   

京津唐地区HFMD时空变异分析与影响因子探测     

张湘雪  王丽  尹礼唱  徐成东  李霞  刘杨 《地球信息科学学报》2019,21(3):398-406

手足口病（HFMD）是一种多发于儿童的常见传染病。近年来,中国HFMD发病人数逐年上升,疾病疫情也日益受到社会广泛关注。虽已有不少相关研究,但对于探测其时空异质性及量化潜在影响因子解释力的研究仍然较少。本文采用地理探测器及贝叶斯时空层次模型,对2009-2013年京津唐地区HFMD发病率的时空异质性进行分析,并量化各影响因子及其两两交互作用对HFMD发病率的解释力。结果表明：① HFMD的相对风险存在时间异质性,其发病风险在春夏季（5-7月）达到峰值,而冬季（12-次年2月）发病风险最低;② HFMD的相对风险存在空间异质性,在经济发达的地区HFMD发病率较高;③ 影响HFMD发病率时间异质性的主要气象因子为平均温度、累积降水、相对湿度,解释力分别为0.38,0.27,0.13,且交互作用都大于独自影响的作用,如平均温度和相对湿度、平均温度和降水,平均温度和风速两两交互的解释力分别为0.43, 0.40, 0.42。通过研究京津唐地区HFMD发病率的时空异质性以及影响因子的量化状况,为本地区HFMD的预防和控制提供理论依据。  相似文献   

大气污染物排放量与颗粒物环境空气质量的空间非协同耦合研究——以武汉市为例     

张金亭  赵玉丹  田扬戈  何青青  庄艳华  彭韵羲  洪松 《地理科学进展》2019,38(4):612-624

针对区域大气污染物排放量与空气质量在时空分布上存在不完全协同、匹配的现象,论文选择SO₂、NO_X、PM_2.5、CO和VOCs作为大气污染物指标,选择气溶胶光学厚度(Aerosol Optical Depth, AOD)表征颗粒物环境空气质量,以武汉市为例,综合应用耦合模型和空间错位指数模型研究2类指标之间的空间非协同耦合规律。主要结论如下：① 武汉市大气污染物排放量与颗粒物空气质量具有不同空间分布特征,大气污染物排放量呈现由城市中心城区向远城区递减的趋势,其中SO₂、PM_2.5和VOCs的排放具有明显的中心聚集现象,而NO_X和CO聚集现象不显著,且与道路分布明显相关;AOD分布具有明显的空间差异性,总体上呈由西北向东南依次递减的趋势。② 武汉市大气污染物排放与颗粒物空气质量的空间非协同耦合规律：越靠近城市中心城区,空间协同耦合现象越显著,空间错位现象越弱;越远离主城区,空间非协同耦合现象越显著,空间错位现象越显著;SO₂排放量与AOD在武汉市远城区的空间错位指数均大于0.7,且耦合度指数小于0.3,呈现较强的非协同耦合特征,NO_X、VOCs、PM_2.5的排放量与AOD在武汉中心城区的空间错位指数均小于0.5,且耦合度指数大于0.5,协同耦合现象较为显著。③ 基于时空非协同耦合分析城市大气环境污染治理建议：针对污染物与AOD空间错位不显著的城市中心城区,以本地减排治理为主;针对污染物与AOD空间错位显著的远城区,应在污染溯源分析的基础上进行区域协调综合治理。  相似文献   

利用水准数据的天津市地面沉降时空特征分析     

常明  尹海权  苏广利  田晓  徐玉健 《测绘通报》2020,(7):88-92

地面不均匀沉降可能对城市的发展与人民的安全造成危害，天津市的地面沉降情况尤为严重。针对该问题，本文收集天津市2005—2012年、2016—2017年水准观测数据，以固定水准点位的沉降量、沉降速率、沉降加速率为状态向量，构建卡尔曼滤波模型，对天津市历年的水准观测数据进行滤波；根据滤波后的结果，本文利用多项式加权内插的方法，以距离、沉降速率、沉降加速率信息确定权值大小，对地面沉降情况进行内插；并以中误差作为精度评定参数，比较多种内插方法的精度。通过对内插结果的试验分析发现，2005—2017年天津市地面累计平均沉降量为394.477 5 mm，最大沉降量为1 143.5 mm；主要沉降区域为北辰、大港、塘沽等地区，且随着时间的增长，这些区域呈现漏斗式下沉。试验证明本文结合卡尔曼滤波与多项式加权内插的方式能够较好地反映地面沉降的时空特征分布情况并对未来一段时间的沉降情况进行预测，对天津市的城市发展及建设有一定的参考意义。  相似文献   

FIO-ESM气候模式北太平洋海表温度和降水的季节性预报技巧评估     

赵一丁  尹训强  宋亚娟  乔方利 《海洋学报(英文版)》2019,38(1):5-12

The seasonal prediction of sea surface temperature(SST) and precipitation in the North Pacific based on the hindcast results of The First Institute of Oceanography Earth System Model(FIO-ESM) is assessed in this study.The Ensemble Adjusted Kalman Filter assimilation scheme is used to generate initial conditions, which are shown to be reliable by comparison with the observations. Based on this comparison, we analyze the FIO-ESM 6-month hindcast results starting from each month of 1993–2013. The model exhibits high SST prediction skills over most of the North Pacific for two seasons in advance. Furthermore, it remains skillful at long lead times for midlatitudes. The reliable prediction of SST can transfer fairly well to precipitation prediction via air-sea interactions.The average skill of the North Pacific variability(NPV) index from 1 to 6 months lead is as high as 0.72(0.55) when El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation and NPV are in phase(out of phase) at initial conditions. The prediction skill of the NPV index of FIO-ESM is improved by 11.6%(23.6%) over the Climate Forecast System, Version 2. For seasonal dependence, the skill of FIO-ESM is higher than the skill of persistence prediction in the later period of prediction.  相似文献