Elemental composition and its environmental significance for the varicolored hills in the northern foothills of the Qilian Mountains of Sunan Yugur Autonomous County, China     

CaiXia Zhang  XiaoZe Li  Zhong Sun  JinChang Li 《寒旱区科学》2015,7(3):257-264

The varicolored hills in the northern foothills of the Qilian Mountains of northern China, in the Hexi Corridor of Gansu Province's Sunan Yugur Autonomous County, have given this region a unique geomor...  相似文献   

Influence of fines content on the anti-frost properties of coarse-grained soil     

TianLiang Wang  ZuRun Yue  TieCheng Sun  JinChuang Hua 《寒旱区科学》2015,7(4):407-413

This paper aims to determine the optimal fines content of coarse-grained soil required to simultaneously achieve weaker frost susceptibility and better bearing capacity. We studied the frost susceptibility and strength properties of coarse-grained soil by means of frost heaving tests and static triaxial tests, and the results are as follows:(1) the freezing temperature of coarse-grained soil decreased gradually and then leveled off with incremental increases in the percent content of fines; (2) the fines content proved to be an important factor influencing the frost heave susceptibility and strength properties of coarse-grained soil. With incremental increases in the percent content of fines, the frost heave ratio increased gradually and the cohesion function of fines effectively enhanced the shear strength of coarse-grained soil before freeze-thaw, but the frost susceptibility of fines weakened the shear strength of coarse-grained soil after freeze-thaw; (3) with increasing numbers of freeze-thaw cycles,the shear strength of coarse-grained soil decreased and then stabilized after the ninth freeze-thaw cycle, and therefore the mechanical indexes of the ninth freeze-thaw cycle are recommended for the engineering design values; and (4) considering frost susceptibility and strength properties as a whole, the optimal fines content of 5% is recommended for railway subgrade coarse-grained soil fillings in frozen regions.  相似文献   

Influence of flow velocity and spatial heterogeneity on DNAPL migration in porous media: insights from laboratory experiments and numerical modelling   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Fei Zheng  Yanwei Gao  Yuanyuan Sun  Xiaoqing Shi  Hongxia Xu  Jichun Wu 《Hydrogeology Journal》2015,23(8):1703-1718

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Tropical Cyclone Size Change under Ocean Warming and Associated Responses of Tropical Cyclone Destructiveness: Idealized Experiments     

Zanmin Xu  Yuan Sun  Tim Li  Zhong Zhong  Jia Liu  Chen Ma 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2020,34(1):163-175

The power dissipation index (PDI), which is defined as the sum of the cube of tropical cyclone (TC) maximum wind speed during TC lifetime, is widely used to estimate the TC destructive potential. However, due to the lack of high-resolution observations, little attention has been paid to the contribution of TC size change to TC destructive potential in response to ocean warming. In this study, sensitivity experiments are performed by using the high-resolution Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to investigate the responses of TC size and TC destructive potential to prescribed sea surface temperature (SST) increase under the present climate condition. The results show that TC size increases with the ocean warming. Possible reasons for TC size change are investigated with a focus on the outer air-sea moisture difference (ASMD). As SST increases, ASMD in the outer zone of the TC is larger than that in the inner zone, which increases the surface entropy flux (SEF) of the outer zone. This change in the radial distribution of SEF causes the increase of tangential wind in the outer zone, which further increases SEF, resulting in a positive feedback between outer-zone SEF and outer-zone tangential wind. This feedback leads to the increase of the radius of gale-force wind, leading to the expansion of TC size. Moreover, to estimate the contribution of TC size change to TC destructiveness, we calculate TC size-dependent destructive potential (PDS) as the storm size information is available in the model outputs, as well as PDI that does not consider the effect of TC size change. We find that PDS increases exponentially as SST increases from 1 to 4°C, while PDI increases linearly; hence the former is soon much greater than the latter. This suggests that the growth effect of TC size cannot be ignored in estimating destructiveness under ocean warming.  相似文献   

内蒙古巴彦淖尔市一次强降水过程诊断分析     

孙令东  王永清  梁凤娟 《气象与环境科学》2013,36(3):34-38

运用常规气象资料和自动站实测资料,从低涡系统的演变规律及物理机制等方面对2010年9月6-9日发生在内蒙古巴彦淖尔市一次强降水过程进行诊断分析.结果表明:此过程是在中高纬稳定的大尺度环流背景下,由地面气旋、低涡和副热带高压共同作用下产生的,东移的冷空气与西南暖湿气流在巴彦淖尔市上空交绥是造成此次强降水的主要原因.充足、稳定的水汽输送和较强的水汽辐合,为此次强降水提供了充足的水汽条件.高空强烈的辐散,通过抽吸作用引起低层强烈的辐合,从而促使垂直上升运动增强,是此次降水天气发生的动力.500 hPa层以上大气层结稳定,阻挡暖湿空气向上输送,促使不稳定能量在500 hPa层以下积累,为此次强降水发生提供了足够的能量条件.850 hPa偏东风暖湿气流受阴山的阻挡和抬升,降水量增加,而山后降水量减少.乌拉山与白云查汗山形成狭长山谷,边界层东风气流穿过,狭管效应有利于此地风速增大,将大量的水汽输送到巴彦淖尔市上空.  相似文献   

江西省北部一次冰雹过程可预报性分析          下载免费PDF全文

孙素琴  刘文英  郑婧 《气象与减灾研究》2020,43(3):194-202

利用EC数值预报产品对2018年江西省北部一次降雹过程的高空形势及相关物理量预报场进行分析,结果表明：高空槽、低层切变线、地面倒槽辐合线,“上干冷下暖湿”的层结分布及冷锋前部近乎稳定层结存储的中等到强的不稳定能量,中等到强的垂直风切变,持续偏强的上升运动等,是此次冰雹天气发生的主要原因。EC数值预报模式对于天气尺度系统、中小尺度辐合线、对流有效位能及上升运动等有一定的预报能力,特别是对0 ℃和-20 ℃高度和整层的垂直环境层结预报效果很好,具有明显的“上干冷下暖湿”特征;但对于地面温度湿度预报出现系统性偏低,对低层西南急流预报较实况偏小,有其一定的局限性。  相似文献   

中国气象信息资源产权政策分析          下载免费PDF全文

雷俊  孙国栋  张永生  林霖  冯裕健 《气象与减灾研究》2017,40(3):236-240

气象信息资源产权是气象信息资源开放共享和气象信息产业发展研究中的重点。文中在明确气象信息资源产权内涵和产权政策主要内容的基础上,分析了产权归属、产权政策的现状和存在的主要问题,并对构建适合中国国情的气象信息资源产权保护政策和激励政策提出了建议。建议通过建立气象信息资源产权许可使用、监管使用制度,对增值产权保护实行有区别的产权归属制度,建立产权登记制度和产权交易的价值评估制度等途径,进一步健全气象信息资源产权保护政策;建立多元化的气象信息资源激励政策,包括建立气象信息资源所有权与持有权相分离的政策,通过多种形式确认持有权取得等,从而鼓励社会力量参与气象信息资源的使用和运营。  相似文献   

高性能计算系统性能评测方法及其应用          下载免费PDF全文

魏敏  孙婧  沈瑜  肖华东  李娟 《应用气象学报》2013,24(6):753-760

为满足国家级气象数值模式业务系统对高性能计算资源不断增长的需求,提供规模更大、性能更优的高性能计算支撑平台,在高性能计算系统引进工作中开展了基于气象数值模式应用的高性能计算系统性能评测技术研究。该文将行业标准与实际业务应用相结合,设计了高性能计算系统性能评测方案,建立了中国气象局气象行业高性能计算系统性能评测模型。共选取10个测试程序,分别对单节点性能、网络性能和加速比等8个指标进行了测试和量化评分,并对主要测试结果中具有代表性的气象要素场进行了物理意义合理性检查。评测结果表明:评测方案设计合理,评测模型研究取得较好效果,保障了高性能计算系统引进工作顺利完成。  相似文献   

省级气象宽带网可靠性设计          下载免费PDF全文

陈晓宇  张永华  吴兆雄  王佳  孙鹏 《应用气象学报》2013,24(6):761-768

气象业务的发展和社会需求的增长,对广域宽带网络系统提出更高要求,不但要求传输的数据量大,时效性强,而且要求其可靠性高。目前各省级气象局的宽带网可靠性设计,大都采用降级备份,无法做到双链路自动切换、无缝备份,难以满足气象业务7×24 h从不间断的实际需求,网络可靠性有待进一步提高。该文提出一种基于双向转发检测 (BFD) 和策略路由技术的网络可靠性设计方案,应用该方案不仅使网络结构和带宽有大幅提升,还能实现业务分流、链路冗余和故障自动切换,提高气象宽带网的可靠性水平。该方案经严格测试后,已依托广东省气象宽带网得以实现并投入业务运行,效果良好。同时,该设计对其他省级气象网络建设有一定参考价值。  相似文献   

陕北北部一次雹暴的特征及成因          下载免费PDF全文

井宇  陈闯  陈宁  黄少妮  万红卫  艾丽华  井喜 《陕西气象》2013,(4):6-11

本文从分析天气形势、物理量场特征、自动站逐时资料变化特征等人手,对2012年7月8日一9日临汾市局部暴雨天气过程进行了分析。结果表明：（1）此次降水过程是在西风槽东移,副高西进北抬有利的环流背景下产生的。700hPa中尺度低压和低层辐合线以及东路冷空气是本过程的主要触发系统。（2）降水过程中边界层出现了明显的中尺度辐合线和切变线以及低涡环流,短时强降水与小尺度的低涡环流相对应。（3）物理量场上,降雨前期暴雨区有强的上升运动、较高的能量积累和层结不稳定,但低层辐合很弱,中低层湿度只在某层次上达到饱和。  相似文献