柴达木盆地北缘富氦天然气的发现——兼议成藏地质条件     

张云鹏  李玉宏  卢进才  李永红  宋博  郭望 《地质通报》2016,35(203):364-371

在柴达木盆地北缘全吉山、团鱼山地区的煤炭钻孔和泥页岩解吸气中发现了体积分数较高的氦气显示。对2个地区的6件样品进行甲烷C同位素和He同位素分析,其中2个样品的δ13C1值分别为-38.4‰和-39.9‰,属于有机成因。4个样品的3He/4He同位素测试结果在0.03×10-6~1.3×10-6之间,表明氦气来源以壳源氦为主,个别样品有少量幔源氦加入。通过区域背景资料和物探资料分析认为,柴北缘壳源成因的氦可能主要来源于基底富U、Th花岗岩体的放射性衰变,而柴北缘的山前深大断裂则可为氦的运移提供良好通道。氦气产生后,在垂向运移过程中结合其他烃类或非烃类气体,在侏罗系、古近系—新近系良好的储盖条件下,有可能形成独特的富氦天然气富集。  相似文献   

柴达木盆地鱼卡地区中侏罗统页岩气成藏条件     

王晓鹏  李玉宏  张云鹏  李智明  郭望  宋博 《地质通报》2016,35(203):231-241

通过地质钻井、野外现场解吸、样品实验分析等,对柴达木盆地鱼卡地区中侏罗统页岩气成藏条件进行了研究。结果表明,鱼卡地区中侏罗统泥页岩主要发育于大煤沟组第五段和石门沟组,是一套以辫状河三角洲间湾、辫状河三角洲平原和湖泊相为主的优质烃源岩,累计厚度38~300m,TOC为0.12%~13.23%,Ro为0.29%~0.89%。石英含量为18.0%~63.3%,粘土矿物含量为10.1%~55.6%,孔隙度为1.53%~14.92%,渗透率为0.007×10-3~6.24×10-3μm2。微孔隙发育,主要有粒间孔、溶蚀孔、粒内孔,孔隙直径多为0.3~3μm。泥页岩含气量为0.42~0.83m3/t,解吸气CH4含量8.6%~64.9%,δ13C1为-80.59‰~-63.32‰。与国内外含气泥页岩对比发现,研究区中侏罗统泥页岩具有厚度大、TOC高、石英含量居中的特点,但分布面积小、成熟度低、含气量小,且自中、新生代以来经历了多期次构造运动,对页岩气的保存影响较大。预测鱼卡地区中侏罗统页岩气勘探前景,还需重点加强构造作用对页岩气保存的影响及页岩气成因类型、资源量评估等方面的研究。  相似文献   

Impacts of agricultural water saving practice on regional groundwater and water consumption in an arid region with shallow groundwater   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Hang Chen  Zhongyi Liu  Zailin Huo  Zhongyi Qu  Yuhong Xia  Alexander Fernald 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2016,75(16):1204

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Characteristics of groundwater flow field after land creation engineering in the hilly and gully area of the Loess Plateau   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Xiaoxi Yin  Luwang Chen  Jiandong He  Xiaoqing Feng  Wen Zeng 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2016,9(14):646

In order to study the degree of influence and control mechanism to groundwater flow field caused by land creation engineering in the hilly and gully area of the Loess Plateau, based on the geological and engineering conditions of the first stage project of Yan’an new district in China, numerical simulation of groundwater flow is carried out by the Feflow and GIS technologies. From the simulation, punning measure relatively reduces infiltration recharge and artificial gravel drain increases groundwater seepage. The basic characteristics of groundwater flow field is controlled by the old and new topographies in the whole study area, and artificial gravel drain plays an auxiliary role in accelerating groundwater drawdown upstream and promotes groundwater rise downstream. According to differences of groundwater level and declining percentages of hydraulic gradient in the main and secondary gullies, dewatering of artificial gravel drain in the secondary gully is more effective than that in the main gully, which will yet play an important role in the future. The study results will make contributions to understand groundwater response to land creation engineering and will be beneficial to take necessary measures to prevent collapse of loess and failure of building foundation in the hilly and gully area of the Loess Plateau.  相似文献   

Development and Extension of An Aggregated Scale Model: Part 1 – Background to ASMITA     

Ian TOWNEND  Zheng Bing WANG  Marcel STIVE  Zeng ZHOU 《海洋工程》2016,(4):483-504

Whilst much attention has been given to models that describe wave, tide and sediment transport processes in sufficient detail to determine the local changes in bed level over a relatively detailed representation of the bathymetry, far less attention has been given to models that consider the problem at a much larger scale (e.g. that of geomorphological elements such as a tidal flat and tidal channel). Such aggregated or lumped models tend not to represent the processes in detail but rather capture the behaviour at the scale of interest. One such model developed using the concept of an equilibrium concentration is the Aggregated Scale Morphological Interaction between Tidal basin and Adjacent coast (ASMITA). In this paper we provide some new insights into the concepts of equilibrium, and horizontal and vertical exchange that are key components of this modelling approach. In a companion paper, we summarise a range of developments that have been undertaken to extend the original model concept, to illustrate the flexibility and power of the conceptual framework. However, adding detail progressively moves the model in the direction of the more detailed process-based models and we give some consideration to the boundary between the two.  相似文献   

Assessing suitability of rural settlements using an improved technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Yanfang Liu  Jiaxing Cui  Xuesong Kong  Chen Zeng 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2016,26(5):638-655

Land suitability assessment is a prerequisite phase in land use planning; it guides toward optimal land use by providing information on the opportunities and constraints involved in the use of a given land area. A geographic information system-based procedure, known as rural settlement suitability evaluation (RSSE) using an improved technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS), was adopted to determine the most suitable area for constructing rural settlements in different geographical locations. Given the distribution and independence of rural settlements, a distinctive evaluation criteria system that differed from that of urban suitability was established by considering the level of rural infrastructure services as well as living and working conditions. The unpredictable mutual interference among evaluation factors has been found in practical works. An improved TOPSIS using Mahalanobis distance was applied to solve the unpredictable correlation among the criteria in a suitability evaluation. Uncertainty and sensitivity analyses obtained via Monte Carlo simulation were performed to examine the robustness of the model. Daye, a resource-based city with rapid economic development, unsatisfied rural development, and geological environmental problems caused by mining, was used as a case study. Results indicate the following findings: 1) The RSSE model using the improved TOPSIS can assess the suitability of rural settlements, and the suitability maps generated using the improved TOPSIS have higher information density than those generated using traditional TOPSIS. The robustness of the model is improved, and the uncertainty is reduced in the suitability results. 2) Highly suitable land is mainly distributed in the northeast of the study area, and the majority of which is cultivated land, thereby leading to tremendous pressure on the loss of cultivated land. 3) Lastly, 12.54% of the constructive expansion permitted zone and 8.36% of the constructive expansion conditionally permitted zone are situated in an unsuitable area, which indicates that the general planning of Daye lacks the necessary verification of suitability evaluation. Guidance is provided on the development strategy of rural settlement patches to support decision making in general land use planning.  相似文献   

Enrichment characteristics and risk assessment of Hg in bird feathers from Caohai wetland in Guizhou Province,China     

Fengcheng Peng  Tianrong He  Zhenji Li  Mengyu Chen  Xiaoli Qian  Lingxia Zeng  Yiyuan Xu 《中国地球化学学报》2018,37(4):526-536

Based on the analysis of the enrichment characteristics of Hg and MeHg in bird feathers from Caohai National Nature Reserve in Guizhou, the risks of Hg pollution to the birds from Caohai wetland have been evaluated. The total Hg content of bird feathers ranges from 40 to 5058 ng/g with an average of 924 ng/g. The content of MeHg is significantly correlated with total Hg (r = 0.68, p < 0.01), and the content are among 0.75 and 113 ng/g. The total Hg content in the birds feathers is significantly dependent on their feeding habits, which is mainly in accordance with the following rule: carnivorous birds > omnivorous birds that are mainly carnivorous > omnivorous birds that are mainly herbivorous. There are also differences in the Hg enrichment ability in the different parts of bird feathers, and the total Hg and MeHg content in the wing feathers are significantly higher than that in the other parts of feathers. The bioaccumulation coefficients of aqueous Hg and MeHg by bird feathers are 0.9 × 10⁴–112.13 × 10⁴ (mean value is 20.47 × 10⁴) and 0.47 × 10⁴–70.4 × 10⁴ (mean value is 9.52 × 10⁴), respectively. Although the whole Hg level in Caohai bird feathers is not too high, the Hg content in some carnivorous birds exceeds over or approaches the abnormal threshold when birds are breeding (5 μg/g), which indicates that the birds in Caohai wetland are faced with some risks of ecological Hg pollution.  相似文献   

Theoretical calculation of equilibrium Mg isotope fractionation between silicate melt and its vapor     

Haiyang Luo  Huiming Bao  Yuhong Yang  Yun Liu 《中国地球化学学报》2018,37(5):655-662

Isotope fractionation during the evaporation of silicate melt and condensation of vapor has been widely used to explain various isotope signals observed in lunar soils, cosmic spherules, calcium–aluminum-rich inclusions, and bulk compositions of planetary materials. During evaporation and condensation, the equilibrium isotope fractionation factor (α) between high-temperature silicate melt and vapor is a fundamental parameter that can constrain the melt’s isotopic compositions. However, equilibrium α is difficult to calibrate experimentally. Here we used Mg as an example and calculated equilibrium Mg isotope fractionation in MgSiO₃ and Mg₂SiO₄ melt–vapor systems based on first-principles molecular dynamics and the high-temperature approximation of the Bigeleisen–Mayer equation. We found that, at 2500 K, δ²⁵Mg values in the MgSiO₃ and Mg₂SiO₄ melts were 0.141?±?0.004 and 0.143?±?0.003‰ more positive than in their respective vapors. The corresponding δ²⁶Mg values were 0.270?±?0.008 and 0.274?±?0.006‰ more positive than in vapors, respectively. The general \(\alpha - T\) equations describing the equilibrium Mg α in MgSiO₃ and Mg₂SiO₄ melt–vapor systems were: \(\alpha_{{{\text{Mg}}\left( {\text{l}} \right) - {\text{Mg}}\left( {\text{g}} \right)}} = 1 + \frac{{5.264 \times 10^{5} }}{{T^{2} }}\left( {\frac{1}{m} - \frac{1}{{m^{\prime}}}} \right)\) and \(\alpha_{{{\text{Mg}}\left( {\text{l}} \right) - {\text{Mg}}\left( {\text{g}} \right)}} = 1 + \frac{{5.340 \times 10^{5} }}{{T^{2} }}\left( {\frac{1}{m} - \frac{1}{{m^{\prime}}}} \right)\), respectively, where m is the mass of light isotope ²⁴Mg and m′ is the mass of the heavier isotope, ²⁵Mg or ²⁶Mg. These results offer a necessary parameter for mechanistic understanding of Mg isotope fractionation during evaporation and condensation that commonly occurs during the early stages of planetary formation and evolution.  相似文献   

Interseismic deformation in south-central Tibet from InSAR and GPS data     

Hua Wang  Tim J. Wright  Jing Liu Zeng  Lincai Peng 《《地质学报》英文版》2018,92(Z1):148-148

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A brief review of the interaction between tectonic, climatic and surface processes over multiple temporal and spatial scales     

Jing Liu Zeng  Jinyu Zhang  Yukui Ge  Wei Wang  Linsen Zeng  Gen Li  Xu Lin 《《地质学报》英文版》2018,92(Z1):151-151

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