滇黔静止锋减弱北抬期间环流特征分析     

李刚  杨林  汤天然  谯勋  刘健平 《热带地理》2022,42(6):1018-1026

采用2010—2021年深秋初冬时节（11—12月）ECMWF细网格2 m温度预报资料,以及实况地面气压场、综合观测资料、卫星资料与NCEP/NCAR提供的FNL再分析资料,对滇黔静止锋减弱北抬期间贵州境内84个国家观测站72 h内逐日最高温、最低温进行检验评估。结果发现,滇黔静止锋活动期间相对于平均状态,其预报准确率均显著降低而平均均方根误差明显增加,其中2014年ECMWF预报准确率不足20%,几乎丧失预报能力。为此,以2014年发生的19次滇黔静止锋减弱北抬个例进行合成分析,发现各层环流和要素场特征较平均状态均发生了明显变化。主要表现为：200 hPa上,静止锋摆动期间较平均状态急流入口有所东移,其南北界区域总体变窄,急流中心平均强度由65.0 m/s下降到60.0 m/s;500 hPa上,中高纬两槽一脊形势变得更加不明显,冷空气势力减弱,环流纬向度增大;要素场上,相对平均状态,0℃线均位于600 hPa附近,中低层气温呈现明显增温状态,700~850 hPa逆温状态变弱甚至消散,在低层风场上表现为南风增强、涡度增大。因此,当滇黔静止锋发生减弱北抬时,其环流和要素场特征相对平均状态均发生强度和位置上的变化,在预报工作中,可以此特征判断静止锋是否减弱北抬,更好地进行地方预报与服务。  相似文献   

一次华北气旋造成北京特大暴雪天气过程分析     

詹正杰  尹仔锋  乔林  赵玮  孙秀忠 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2014,8(5):10-15

利用北京延庆站和海淀站风廓线产品、微波辐射计产品、北京市雷达产品(南郊和车道沟)、北京市58个称重雨量站观测资料、FY-2E卫星云图、常规气象资料综合分析2012年11月3到4日北京暴雪天气过程。分析表明：降水相态(雨、雪)由华北气旋的锋面性质和锋面位置决定;过程雨雪量由气旋的强度、持续时间和水汽通道维持时间决定;风廓线和微波辐射计产品资料在雨雪开始时间、雨雪相态转换方面有明显的指示性作用。  相似文献   

Multi‐Scale Qualitative Location: A Topology‐Based Model     

Shihong Du  Chen‐Chieh Feng  Qiao Wang  Luo Guo 《Transactions in GIS》2014,18(4):604-631

Qualitative locations describe spatial objects by relating the spatial objects to a frame of reference (e.g. a regional partition in this study) with qualitative relations. Existing models only formalize spatial objects, frames of reference, and their relations at one scale, thus limiting their applicability in representing location changes of spatial objects across scales. A topology‐based, multi‐scale qualitative location model is proposed to represent the associations of multiple representations of the same objects with respect to the frames of reference at different levels. Multi‐scale regional partitions are first presented to be the frames of reference at multiple levels of scale. Multi‐scale locations are then formalized to relate multiple representations of the same objects to the multiple frames of reference by topological relations. Since spatial objects, frames of reference, and topological relations in qualitative locations are scale dependent, scale transformation approaches are presented to derive possible coarse locations from detailed locations by incorporating polygon merging, polygon‐to‐line and polygon‐to‐point operators.  相似文献   

华北中部狐偃山杂岩体形成时代研究——来自榍石U-Pb同位素年代学的证据     

何佳佳  张乔  靳梦琪  周俊林  李玉宏  陈高潮 《西北地质》2022,(1):50-63

近年随着定年技术的发展,榍石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年法逐渐被学者采用,用来揭示某些特殊岩石类型的形成时代,如碱性岩.华北中部狐偃山碱性杂岩体由多个侵入体组成,岩性主要为二长岩类,岩石中发育大量继承锆石,结晶锆石相对较少,但包含大量岩浆榍石.本次研究即利用榍石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年法,对研究相对薄弱的矿...  相似文献   

A unified linear theory of wavelike perturbations under general ocean conditions     

Yeli Yuan  Lei Han  Fangli Qiao  Yongzeng Yang  Ming Lu 《Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans》2011,51(1-2):55-74

A linearized instability analysis model with five unknowns was proposed to describe disturbance motions under general oceanic background conditions, including large-scale current shear, density stratification, frontal zone, and arbitrary topography. A unified linear theory of wavelike perturbations for surface gravity waves, internal gravity waves and inertial gravity waves was derived for the adiabatic case, and the solution was then found using Fourier integrals. In this theory, we discarded the assumptions widely accepted in the literature concerning derivations of wave motions such as the irrotationality assumption for surface gravity waves, the rigid-lid approximation for internal gravity waves, and the long-wave approximation for inertial gravity waves. Analytical solutions based on this theory indicate that the complex dispersion relationships between frequency and wave-number describing the propagation and development of the three types of wavelike perturbation motions include three components: complex dispersion relationships at the sea surface; vertical invariance of the complex frequency; and expressions of the vertical wave-number (phase). Classical results of both surface waves and internal waves were reproduced from the unified theory under idealized conditions. The unified wave theory can be applied in the dynamical explanation of the generation and propagation properties of internal waves that are visible in the satellite SAR images in the southern part of the China Seas. It can also serve as the theoretical basis for both a numerical internal-wave model and analytical estimation of the ocean fluxes transported by wavelike perturbations.  相似文献   

A large Middle Pleistocene freshwater to oligohaline lake in the contemporary hyperarid Qaidam Basin （China）     

Steffen Mischke Ulrike Herzschuh Naida Sun Zizhen Qiao Zhencheng Sun 《《幕》》2006,29(1):34-38

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用地基GPS资料分析大气可降水汽总量   总被引：16，自引：5，他引：11  

杜瑞林  乔学军  王琪  万蓉  王伟  杨少敏  谭凯 《大地测量与地球动力学》2005,25(3):121-124

利用“中国地壳运动监测网络”和三峡监测网的地基GPS资料，通过Bernese软件以及根据Bevis等和Rocken等水汽解算原理编制的水汽解算软件。获得了武汉、巴东、兴山、泸州等长江流域测站大气可降水汽总量分布和时间间隔为2小时的GPS遥感大气可降水汽序列，并与站点雨量及区域面雨量进行对比分析，结果表明：地基GPS遥感水汽量变化与地面降水有很好的相关性。而且GPS遥感水汽变化序列峰值对应于强降水提前了8～22小时。有助于强降水特别是突发性强降水的预测；多个站点的GPS遥感水汽总量联合分析，对于区域水汽总量变化研究有一定意义。  相似文献   

长江三峡库区地震地形变监测研究   总被引：8，自引：4，他引：4  

杜瑞林  邢灿飞  伍中华  李胜乐  乔学军  游新兆  王琪  孙少安  申重阳  凌模 《大地测量与地球动力学》2004,24(2):23-29

三峡地壳形变监测网络结合空间大地测量(GPS、InSAR)和传统大地测量的优点，在1998年以来的三峡工程建设期间和2003年水库首次蓄水中获取了大量监测成果。结果显示库区地壳运动的基本图像：垂直形变较为显著，主要来自因蓄水荷载而产生的形变，水平形变不明显．库区主要断层的活动性在蓄水期间有明显加强迹象。水准测量反映从1998年首期观测至2003年10月首次蓄水后的库区垂直位移．沉降范围较大；GPS给出了2003年蓄水前后库区的垂直位移，形变的范围主要集中在水库近岸区域。水准测量与GPS观测反应的垂直位移的量级基本一致，沉降的最大幅度在3～4cm左右。水准监测、GPS观测与重力监测结果有一定的对应性。从地壳形变监测与研究结果分析，近期负荷改变而诱发中强地震的可能性不大。  相似文献   

How Fast Could a Proto-pulsar Rotate?     

Ren-Xin Xu  Hong-Guang Wang  Guo-Jun QiaoDepartment of Astronomy  School of Physics  Peking University  Beijing 《中国天文和天体物理学报》2002,2(6)

According to two estimated relations between the initial period andthe dynamo-generated magnetic dipole field of pulsars, we calculate the statisticaldistributions of pulsar initial periods. It is found that proto-pulsars are very likelyto have rotation periods between 20 ms and 30 ms, and that most of the pulsarsrotate initially at a period ＜ 60 ms. Our result supports the asymmetric neutrinoemission model for pulsar kick.  相似文献   

射电脉冲星观测资料及其启示     

张冰  乔国俊 《天文学进展》1996,14(4):315-331

在本文中先简要介绍了８０年代以来射电脉冲星方面的观测进展，然后详细介绍了射电脉冲星的第一手观测资料，包括空间分布，传播特性，时间特性，脉冲轮廓与偏振以及频谱特性等，并详细综述观测资料对我们提供的信息及给我们的启示，为理论模型的建立和检验提供了基础。  相似文献