基于VMD算法在地震数据时频分析中的应用     

龙丹  牛聪  周怀来  黄饶  周慰 《地球物理学进展》2020,(1):166-173

受新开发的变分模态分解(VMD)的启发,本文引入一种基于VMD的时频分析方法来分析地震数据.VMD的原理是将信号分解成具有一定中心频率的模态分量,通过这些分量来重构原始信号.这种分解方式可以降低各个模态中的残余噪声,同时进一步减少冗余的模态,很好的克服了模态混叠问题.此外,VMD是一种自适应信号分解技术,它可以非递归地将多分量信号分解为几个准正交固有模态函数,与EMD及其推广(如EEMD,CEEMD)相比,有坚实的数学基础.将VMD方法与CEEMD方法进行比较,对合成数据进行测试显示了基于VMD的时频分析方法具有更好的时频聚焦性,同时对实际数据处理也表明该方法具有突出地质特征和地层信息的潜力.  相似文献   

Resources and environmental systems management under synchronic interval uncertainties     

Guanhui?Cheng  Guohe?HuangEmail authorView author&#;s OrcID profile  Cong?Dong  Ying?Lv  Junlong?Zhang  Yao?Yao  Xiujuan?Chen 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2018,32(2):435-456

Resources and environmental systems management (RESM) is challenged by the synchronic effects of interval uncertainties in the related practices. The synchronic interval uncertainties are misrepresented as random variables, fuzzy sets, or interval numbers in conventional RESM programming techniques including stochastic programming. This may lead to ineffectiveness of resources allocation, high costs of recourse measures, increased risks of unreasonable decisions, and decreased optimality of system profits. To fill the gap of few corresponding studies, a synchronic interval linear programming (SILP) method is proposed in this study. The proposition of interval sets and interval functions and coupling them with linear programming models lead to development of an SILP model for RESM. This enables incorporation of interval uncertainties in resource constraints and synchronic interval uncertainties in the programming objective into the optimization process. An analysis of the distribution-independent geometric properties of the feasible regions of SILP models results in proposition of constraint violation likelihoods. The tradeoff between system optimality and constraint violation is analyzed. The overall optimality of SILP systems under synchronic intervalness is quantified through proposition of integrally optimal solutions. Integration of these efforts leads to a violation-constrained interval integral method for optimization of RESM systems under synchronic interval uncertainties. Comparisons with selected existing methods reveal the effectiveness of SILP at eliminating negativity of synchronic intervalness, enabling risk management of and achieving overall optimality of RESM systems, and enhancing the reliability of optimization techniques for RESM problems. The exploited framework for analyzing synchronic interval uncertainties in RESM systems is helpful for addressing synchronisms of other uncertainties such as randomness or fuzziness and avoiding the resultant decision mistakes and disasters due to neglecting them.  相似文献   

辽宁新民井静水位转折上升变化成因分析     

王喜龙  付聪  李梦莹  张丽  李俏 《防灾减灾学报》2018,(1):6-12

新民静水位自2016年7月22日开始出现转折上升变化,至2016年9月水位最大上升幅度达1.2m,但同井水温变化平稳,未出现同步变化。通过对水位井观测系统、区域地质特征和周边环境等进行调查发现,水位井北东约50m处的大型挖土坑大量积水可能是造成水位转折上升变化的主要原因。结合该区地质特征、井水地球化学特征以及区域降水特征分析结果,显示水位转折上升变化与附近土坑开始大量积水在水源、空间、时间和强度上都存在明显的相关性。故认为新民井静水位大幅度转折上升变化为附近土坑降雨积水干扰所致,排除为地震前兆异常的可能。  相似文献   

模型约束下的在线字典学习地震弱信号去噪方法          下载免费PDF全文

李勇  张益明  雷钦  牛聪  周钰邦  叶云飞 《地球物理学报》2019,62(1):411-420

本文针对噪声成分和噪声结构的复杂性及弱信号的特征,发展了最新的在线字典学习去噪方法.在线字典学习去噪方法是以数据驱动的方式,反复进行学习构建字典方式,求得信号的稀疏性解以实现对信号的去噪,在此基础上,提出了数据驱动与模型驱动联合的模型约束下的在线字典学习去噪方法,先通过模型驱动方式获得一个较优质的学习样本以构建字典再进行去噪处理.通过和传统小波变换进行理论地震合成记录的效果对比,在高噪声比例的弱信号情况下远远优于传统的时频域去噪方法.实际数据去噪处理表明,模型约束下的在线字典学习去噪方法是一种有效的去噪方法,这种联合去噪方式能在高噪声背景下有效地提取出弱信号,具有广阔的推广应用前景.  相似文献   

基于压缩感知重构算法的大地电磁强干扰分离   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

汤井田  李广  肖晓  李晋  周聪  朱会杰 《地球物理学报》2017,60(9):3642-3654

为压制大地电磁信号中的强人文干扰,提出一种基于压缩感知重构算法的大地电磁信号去噪方法.通过构建与常见典型强干扰相匹配而对有用信号不敏感的冗余字典原子,利用改进的正交匹配追踪算法,分离出大地电磁信号中的强干扰成分.为了验证所述方法的强干扰分离效果,首先通过在实测大地电磁信号中加入理想的强干扰信号进行了仿真分离实验,然后从大量实测数据中选取三种含有不同类型强干扰的时间域片段,用所述方法对实测数据中的强干扰进行分离,最后将所述方法应用于青海试验点以及庐枞矿集区某测点实测数据的综合处理.仿真实验结果表明,该方法在分离出强干扰的同时,能够较好地保留有用信号.实测数据处理结果表明,该方法能够有效压制强干扰,改善强干扰区大地电磁数据的质量.  相似文献   

The boundary conditions for simulations of a shake-table experiment on the seismic response of 3D slope     

Liang Tang  Shengyi Cong  Xianzhang Ling  Nengpan Ju 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2017,16(1):23-32

Boundary conditions can significantly affect a slope’s behavior under strong earthquakes. To evaluate the importance of boundary conditions for finite element (FE) simulations of a shake-table experiment on the slope response, a validated three-dimensional (3D) nonlinear FE model is presented, and the numerical and experimental results are compared. For that purpose, the robust graphical user-interface “SlopeSAR”, based on the open-source computational platform OpenSees, is employed, which simplifies the effort-intensive pre- and post-processing phases. The mesh resolution effect is also addressed. A parametric study is performed to evaluate the influence of boundary conditions on the FE model involving the boundary extent and three types of boundary conditions at the end faces. Generally, variations in the boundary extent produce inconsistent slope deformations. For the two end faces, fixing the y-direction displacement is not appropriate to simulate the shake-table experiment, in which the end walls are rigid and rough. In addition, the influence of the length of the 3D slope’s top face and the width of the slope play an important role in the difference between two types of boundary conditions at the end faces (fixing the y-direction displacement and fixing the (y, z) direction displacement). Overall, this study highlights that the assessment of a comparison between a simulation and an experimental result should be performed with due consideration to the effect of the boundary conditions.  相似文献   

黄河三角洲湿地发展概述及治理修复建议          下载免费PDF全文

尹聪  兰丽茜  宋晓晓  陈默  严晋 《海洋开发与管理》2024,41(2):110-114

黄河流域在我国经济社会发展和生态安全方面具有十分重要的地位,其下游的黄河三角洲分布有世界上暖温带保存最广阔、最完善、最年轻的滨海湿地生态系统,该区域特殊的地质地貌决定了其生态多样性,需要进行重点研究和保护。文章立足于我国现有湿地保护政策和湿地面积缩小的现状,提出黄河三角洲湿地保护可着重围绕其岸线变化、冲淤速率、地形地貌等开展研究,并采用减压分洪扩充法等治理修复方法扩大湿地面积,为推动黄河流域及黄河三角洲湿地的生态保护和高质量发展提供有效参考。  相似文献   

红鳍东方鲀精子形态的研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张筱兰  姜明  姚斐  丛娇日  郭恩棉  高澜  范瑞青  姚善成 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1999,(2)

实验研究红鳍东方精子形态的超微结构：红鳍东方精子分头部和尾部等两部分。头部似炮弹状,无顶体;核内有空隙,空隙中有或无少量电子致密小颗粒;细胞膜与核膜间的原生质有向外鼓起的单个小液泡;中心粒复合体位于植入窝内,由近端中心粒、中心粒间体和基体等组成。袖套位于核后端,内含７～８个环列的线粒体球。尾部近核端部分鞭毛的一侧有小囊泡群聚的囊泡鞘;远核端部分有侧鳍;囊泡鞘和侧鳍与轴丝的中央微管同在“Ｙ”轴上;轴丝为“９＋２”结构。  相似文献   

闽东南沿海老红砂与晚第四纪环境演变   总被引：8，自引：4，他引：4  

曾从盛  陈居成 《中国沙漠》1999,19(2):110-114

闽东南沿海老红砂发育较典型,分布较广,但迄今对其形成多有不同认识。论文在进行全面野外调查和一系列的室内分析的基础上,认为闽东南沿海的老红砂主要是由风吹扬海滩砂形成的,局部地方还有坡积、冲积等成因,并可划分成６～４．５万ａＢＰ和３～１万ａＢＰ两个相对较集中的形成期。末次冰期寒冷干燥的气候为老红砂的形成提供了有利条件,末次冰期中的亚间冰期和冰后期温暖湿润的古气候环境则有利于其后的固定（红化固结、生草、发育古土壤等）。海面的升降变化在一定程度上控制了老红砂的物源和时空分布  相似文献   

Geodetic measurement of horizontal strain across the Red River fault near Thac Ba, Vietnam, 1963–1994     

Duong Chi Cong  K. L. Feigl 《Journal of Geodesy》1999,73(6):298-310

Geodetic measurements from 1963 through 1994 are used to estimate horizontal strain rates across the Red River fault near Thac Ba, Vietnam. Whether or not this fault system is currently active is a subject of some debate. By combining: (1) triangulation from 1963, (2) triangulation in 1983, and (3) Global Positioning System (GPS) observations in 1994, horizontal shear strain rates are estimated without imposing any prior information on fixed stations. The estimated rates of shear strain in ten triangular subnetworks surrounding the fault trace are not significantly different from zero at 95% confidence. The maximum rate of dextral shear is less than 0.3 μrad/year in all but one of the triangles. The estimates help bound the slip rate in a simple elastic dislocation model for a locked, vertical strike-slip fault. By assuming a locking depth of 5–20 km, the most likely values for the deep slip rate are between 1 and 5 mm/year of right-lateral motion. These values delimit the 23% confidence interval. At 95% confidence, the slip rate estimate falls between 7 mm/year of left-lateral motion and 15 mm/year of right-lateral motion. Received: 18 November 1997 / Accepted: 28 January 1999  相似文献