4 种经济海藻脂肪酸组成分析   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

张敏  李瑞霞  伊纪峰  沈颂东  胡传明  应上云  汤俊  张涛  许璞 《海洋科学》2012,36(4):7-12

采用改进的Bligh-Dyer法提取脂溶性成分,气相色谱-质谱联用法(GC-MS)进行分离和鉴定,C19:0内标确定总脂及各组分含量,研究了鼠尾藻(Sargassum thunbergii)、浒苔(Enteromorpha prolifera)、龙须菜(Gracilaria lemaneiformis)和红毛菜(Bangia sp.)4种经济海藻的脂肪酸组成及含量。结果表明,4种海藻都检测出C14-C22脂肪酸,总脂含量在12～19 mg/g之间,不饱和脂肪酸为主要组成成分,含量均超过60%。不饱和脂肪酸中以多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)为主,富含n-3和n-6系列PUFAs,n-6与n-3系列PUFAs之比均低于2。比较4种海藻脂肪酸组成特点表明,鼠尾藻以C16、C18和C20为主要组成成分,具褐藻类脂肪酸组成特征;浒苔以C16和C18为主要组成成分,具绿藻类脂肪酸组成特征;龙须菜和红毛菜以C16和C20类脂肪酸为主,具典型红藻类脂肪酸组成特征,同时二者又有不同之处,分别显示真红藻与原始红藻脂肪酸组成的特点。  相似文献   

Declining Precipitation Enhances the Effect of Warming on Phenological Variation in a Semiarid Tibetan Meadow Steppe     

ZHAO Guangshuai  SHI Peili  ZONG Ning  HE Yongtao  ZHANG Xianzhou  HE Honglin  ZHANG Jing 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2017,8(1):50-56

Vegetation phenology is a sensitive indicator of global warming, especially on the Tibetan Plateau. However, whether climate warming has enhanced the advance of grassland phenology since 2000 remains debated and little is known about the warming effect on semiarid grassland phenology and interactions with early growing season precipitation. In this study, we extracted phenological changes from average NDVI in the growing season (GNDVI) to analyze the relationship between changes in NDVI, phenology and climate in the Northern Tibetan Damxung grassland from 2000 to 2014. The GNDVI of the grassland declined. Interannual variation of GNDVI was mainly affected by mean temperature from late May to July and precipitation from April to August. The length of the growing season was significantly shortened due to a delay in the beginning of the growing season and no advancement of the end of the growing season, largely caused by climate warming and enhanced by decreasing precipitation in spring. Water availability was the major determinant of grass growth in the study area. Warming increased demand for water when the growth limitation of temperature to grass was exceeded in the growing season. Decreased precipitation likely further exacerbated the effect of warming on vegetation phenology in recent decades due to increasing evapotranspiration and water limitations. The comprehensive effects of global warming and decreasing precipitation may delay the phenological responses of semiarid alpine grasslands.  相似文献   

Biophysical Regulation of Carbon Flux in Different Rainfall Regime in a Northern Tibetan Alpine Meadow     

CHAI Xi  SHI Peili  ZONG Ning  NIU Ben  HE Yongtao  ZHANG Xianzhou 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2017,8(1):30-41

Inter-annual variability in total precipitation can lead to significant changes in carbon flux. In this study, we used the eddy covariance (EC) technique to measure the net CO₂ ecosystem exchange (NEE) of an alpine meadow in the northern Tibetan Plateau. In 2005 the meadow had precipitation of 489.9 mm and in 2006 precipitation of 241.1 mm, which, respectively, represent normal and dry years as compared to the mean annual precipitation of 476 mm. The EC measured NEE was 87.70 g C m^-2 yr^-1 in 2006 and -2.35 g C m^-2 yr^-1 in 2005. Therefore, the grassland was carbon neutral to the atmosphere in the normal year, while it was a carbon source in the dry year, indicating this ecosystem will become a CO₂ source if climate warming results in more drought conditions. The drought conditions in the dry year limited gross ecosystem CO₂ exchange (GEE), leaf area index (LAI) and the duration of ecosystem carbon uptake. During the peak of growing season the maximum daily rate of NEE and P_max and α were approximately 30%-50% of those of the normal year. GEE and NEE were strongly related to photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) on half-hourly scale, but this relationship was confounded by air temperature (T_a), soil water content (SWC) and vapor pressure deficit (VPD). The absolute values of NEE declined with higher T_a, higher VPD and lower SWC conditions. Beyond the appropriate range of PAR, high solar radiation exacerbated soil water conditions and thus reduced daytime NEE. Optimal T_a and VPD for maximum daytime NEE were 12.7℃ and 0.42 KPa respectively, and the absolute values of NEE increased with SWC. Variation in LAI explained around 77% of the change in GEE and NEE. Variations in R_e were mainly controlled by soil temperature (T_s), whereas soil water content regulated the responses of Re to T_s.  相似文献   

采用高山松最大密度重建川西高原1917-2002年夏季气温     

吴普  王丽丽  邵雪梅 《地理学报(英文版)》2008,18(2)

Having analyzed the tree ring width and maximum latewood density of Pinus den-sata from west Sichuan, we obtained different climate information from tree-ring width and maximum latewood density chronology. The growth of tree ring width was responded princi-pally to the precipitation in current May, which might be influenced by the activity of southwest monsoon, whereas the maximum latewood density reflected summer temperature (June-September). According to the correlation relationship, a transfer function had been used to reconstruct summer temperature for the study area. The explained variance of re-construction is 51% (F=-52.099, p<0.0001). In the reconstruction series: before the 1930s, the climate was relatively cold, and relatively warm from 1930 to 1960, this trend was in accor-dance with the cold-warm period of the last 100 years, west Sichuan. Compared with Chengdu, the warming break point in west Sichuan is 3 years ahead of time, indicating that the Tibetan Plateau was more sensitive to temperature change. There was an evident sum-mer warming signal after 1983. Although the last 100-year running average of summer tem-perature in the 1990s was the maximum, the running average of the early 1990s was below the average line and it was cold summer, but summer drought occurred in the late 1990s.  相似文献   

渝东南下志留统龙马溪组页岩有机质孔隙发育特征:基于聚焦离子束氦离子显微镜(FIB-HIM)技术     

王朋飞  姜振学  金璨  吕鹏  李鑫  张昆  王凯  黄璞 《现代地质》2019,33(4):902-910

页岩中的有机质孔隙对烃类气体的赋存至关重要。为了明确渝东南下志留统龙马溪组页岩的有机质孔隙发育特征,使用聚焦离子束氦离子显微镜(FIB-HIM)技术进行观察。FIB-HIM具有极高的分辨率,分辨精度可达到亚纳米级,能够有效识别直径为0~20 nm的孔隙。结果表明:龙马溪组页岩的焦沥青内部发育大量的有机质孔隙,孔隙直径大,连通性好,大量较小直径的孔隙嵌套在直径较大的有机质孔隙中,增加了页岩有机质孔隙系统的比表面积和孔隙连通性,有利于烃类气体在页岩有机质孔隙内的赋存及有效渗流。龙马溪组页岩的固体干酪根内部有机质孔隙的发育特征与焦沥青相比存在较大差别,固体干酪根内部发育的有机质孔隙数量少,孔隙直径小,连通性差,孔隙多呈孤立状存在于固体干酪根内部。  相似文献   

蒙其古尔铀矿床西山窑组下段岩性岩相特征     

张虎军  方敏  邱余波  蒋宏  蒲小晨  曹建林 《新疆地质》2019,(1):102-106

通过野外露头观察、岩心编录和测井资料等工作方法,结合连井相分析和砂体空间展布特征,对研究区西山窑组下段岩性岩相特征进行深入解剖。在分析研究区西山窑组下段岩性特征、砂体发育特征的基础上,结合伊犁盆地南缘沉积体系演化特征,认为西山窑组下段砂体的成层性、连通性、稳定性好、厚度适中、固结松散,为含矿流体运移和储矿提供了良好的储层空间;西山窑组下段以扇三角洲前缘相为主,形成两条NE向展布的稳定河道,水下分流河道向郎卡一带延伸入湖,形成扇三角洲前缘水下分流河道。水下分流河道和水下分流河道间两个微相的相变对铀成矿有重要的控制作用,铀矿体主要分布于扇三角洲前缘分流河道砂体中。  相似文献   

辽西牛营子凹陷中元古界铁岭组烃源岩地球化学特征     

宗文明  孙求实  郜晓勇 《地质论评》2019,65(Z1):209-210

正辽西牛营子凹陷位于燕辽裂陷带东部,为辽西凌源—宁城盆地东南部的次级凹陷,呈近NE走向,长约20 km,宽约6 km,面积约120 km~2。该凹陷是松辽外围南部盆地群油气基础地质调查的重点凹陷,在多口地质井中均获得了油气发现。本次研究的12块铁岭组样品分别来自凌源-宁城盆地孟家窝铺村北P1701剖面(4块)、侯杖子南P1702剖面烃源岩(1块)以及辽凌地2井(7块,图中LLD2),  相似文献   

不同排水条件下城市固废一维降解固结解析解     

李称  吴文兵  梅国雄  宗梦繁  梁荣柱 《岩土力学》2019,40(8):3071-3080

目前关于城市固废的降解固结理论研究均沿用太沙基传统排水边界,但是这样不能完全描述垃圾填埋场中复杂的排水边界条件。因此,在已有的简化降解固结模型基础上引入连续排水边界条件,建立了新鲜面为连续排水边界的饱和城市固废一维降解固结模型。在此基础上,借助特征函数解偏微分方程得到了级数形式的解析解答,解的退化检验和收敛性判断初步验证了其合理性。解析解与已有解答的对比分析显示,引入连续排水边界条件后,超静孔压分布有显著的变化;且解析解可解决初始条件和边界条件的矛盾,能反映边界上孔压消散的时间效应。进一步的参数敏感性分析显示,通过调整界面参数可以模拟各种排水条件,获得从完全不排水到完全排水的连续解答。此外,从排水能力差异会改变降解固结发展速度出发,提出了一种保证填埋场稳定的可行策略。  相似文献   

饱和橡胶砂动力特性动三轴试验研究     

周恩全  王琼  宗之鑫  陆建飞 《岩土力学》2019,40(10):3797-3804

橡胶质轻、耐磨、渗透性好、减振性能优良,橡胶颗粒与砂土混合作为土工填料可被用于边坡、路基和垃圾填埋场中。通过室内动三轴试验研究了不同橡胶含量混合土的动强度特性及动孔压发展特性。结果表明：橡胶质量含量越高,混合土的抗液化强度越高,且混合土的液化强度曲线符合乘幂函数关系;考虑橡胶质量含量的影响,得到了归一化混合土液化强度曲线;初始应力比和橡胶含量对混合土动孔压比发展具有明显影响,建立了不同试验条件下动孔压比发展模型。试验发现,当初始动应力比超过0.4时,10%橡胶含量的混合土出现明显橡胶颗粒向上迁移现象。基于颗粒细观接触和颗粒运动状态,揭示了橡胶颗粒迁移机制。  相似文献   

基于协整与Granger因果分析的地区一体化进程研究——以京津冀和长三角为例   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

踪家峰  刘姗姗 《地域研究与开发》2008,27(2):30-33

基于协整分析和Granger因果检验,分析了京津冀和长三角1980年以来地区一体化发展进程。研究发现,从总体上看,京津冀和长三角地区一体化进程都在不断加深。京津冀地区,1980-1992年,北京与天津、北京与河北间都不存在Granger关系,天津和河北不存在协整关系;1993-2004年间,京津冀区域一体化不断加深,北京是河北、北京是天津的Granger原因;长三角地区,上海与江苏不存在协整关系,1980-1992年,上海与浙江、江苏与浙江之间不存在Granger因果关系,而在1992-2004年,上海与浙江、江苏与浙江均存在Granger因果关系。  相似文献