Fractional crystallization processes of magma beneath the Carlsberg Ridge(57°–65°E)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Zong  Tong  Han  Xiqiu  Liu  Jiqiang  Wang  Yejian  Qiu  Zhongyan  Yu  Xing 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2020,38(1):75-92

Fractional crystallization of basaltic magma at variable depths in?uences strongly the geochemical compositions of mid-ocean ridge basalts(MORBs), especially at slow-spreading mid-ocean ridges. The Carlsberg Ridge is a typical slow-spreading ridge located in the northwestern Indian Ocean. In this study, we conducted petrological, geochemical and modelling studies of MORBs collected along the Carlsberg Ridge from 57°–65°E to understand the fractional crystallization processes of magma and the controls on variations in MORB geochemistry. Our results show that the mantle sources beneath the Carlsberg Ridge are heterogeneous even on the local scale of a segment; such heterogeneity may be ubiquitous beneath the Carlsberg Ridge. Mantle heterogeneity may be caused by the enriched components resulting in the "DUPAL" anomaly, whereas the ef fect of pyroxenite on mantle heterogeneity is negligible. The parental melts experienced crystallization of olivine, plagioclase and clinopyroxene prior to eruption, which played a signi?cant role in the major and trace element variations in MORBs from the Carlsberg Ridge. The liquid lines of descent(LLDs), deduced from the forward modelling of three parental magma compositions using the Petrolog3 program at pressures between 1 atm and 10 kbar, demonstrate that clinopyroxene joined the olivine and plagioclase cotectic. The over-enrichment in highly incompatible elements relative to LLDs may be caused by the processes of replenishment-tapping-crystallization in magma chambers. The calculated crystallization pressures suggest that parental magmas beneath the Carlsberg Ridge experienced moderateto high-pressure crystallization and that crystallization beneath the slow-spreading Carlsberg Ridge may start at upper mantle depths.  相似文献   

Simultaneous determinations of U–Pb age,Hf isotopes and trace element compositions of zircon by excimer laser-ablation quadrupole and multiple-collector ICP-MS     

Hong-Lin Yuan  Shan Gao  Meng-Ning Dai  Chun-Lei Zong  Detlef Günther  Gisela Helene Fontaine  Xiao-Ming Liu  ChunRong Diwu 《Chemical Geology》2008,247(1-2):100-118

We describe an in situ method for simultaneous measurement of U–Pb–Hf isotopes and trace element compositions of zircons using a quadrupole and multiple-collector inductively-coupled-plasma mass spectrometer (Q-ICP-MS and MC-ICP-MS, respectively) connected to a single excimer laser-ablation system. A laser-generated zircon aerosol was split behind the ablation cell into two transport tubes via a Y-shaped connector and simultaneously introduced into the two mass spectrometers. Hafnium isotopes were measured on the MC-ICP-MS instrument, while U–Pb ages and trace element compositions were determined using the Q-ICP-MS. The precision and accuracy of this method was evaluated using six well-known and widely used zircon standards (91500, Temora-2, GJ-1, Mud Tank, BR266 and Monastery). Analyses were carried out using spot sizes of 32, 44 and 60 μm. For the 44 and 60 μm spot, the resulting U–Pb ages, Hf isotopic and rare earth element (REE) compositions of these six zircons agree with recommended/reported values within 2σ error. The difference in relative standard deviations (RSD) of ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U ages between split-flow measurements and those obtained separately on the Q-ICP-MS is within ～ 20% for 91500, Temora-2 and GJ-1, and ～ 60% for Mud Tank (due to its lower U and Pb concentrations). Our method provides a precise approach for determining the U–Pb age and the Hf isotopic and trace element compositions of zircon within a single ablation event. This is in particular important for analysis of zircons that are small or contain complicated zoning patterns. Finally, the REE composition of zircon BR266 is more homogeneous than other zircons and could be a suitable standard by which to benchmark new standards for microprobe analyses of zircons.  相似文献   

Migration patterns of Neolithic settlements on the abandoned Yellow and Yangtze River deltas of China   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Zhongyuan Chen  Yongqiang Zong  Hui Wang 《Quaternary Research》2008,70(2):301-314

Archaeological records of the Neolithic settlements on the eastern China coast between 35°N and 30°N, an area covering the abandoned Yellow River and the Yangtze River delta plains, reveal that Neolithic people moved from the Yellow River basin onto the northern coast for fishing, hunting and dry-land agriculture ~ 7000 yr ago. Marine transgression interrupted their activities on the low-lying (2-5 m in elevation) coastal wetlands between 6000 and 5000 yr ago, after which they reclaimed their land near the river mouths. Their migration routes on the southern Yangtze delta plain indicate another scenario: early Neolithic communities moved onto the plain for wet-rice cultivation. Despite relative sea-level rise from 7000 to 4000 yr ago, a large number of settlements were established on the lowlands between the eastern Chenier Ridges and the western Taihu Lake depression. The Chenier Ridges, with ~ 1.0 m higher topography than the adjacent coastal area, played a role in sheltering the Neolithic people. Subsequently, settlements waned considerably, possibly due to further marine inundation combined with cold climate. The present study shows that migration patterns of the Neolithic settlements are closely associated with a gradually rising sea level between 7000 and 4000 yr ago.  相似文献   

A Study of the Migration and Accumulation Efficiency and the Genesis of Hydrocarbon Natural Gas in the Xujiaweizi Fault Depression   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

LI Jijun  LU Shuangfang  XUE Haitao  HUO Qiuli  XU Qingxia 《《地质学报》英文版》2008,82(3):629-635

In order to investigate the migration and accumulation efficiency of hydrocarbon natural gas in the Xujiaweizi fault depression, and to provide new evidence for the classification of its genesis, a source rock pyrolysis experiment in a closed system was designed and carried out. Based on this, kinetic models for describing gas generation from organic matter and carbon isotope fractionation during this process were established, calibrated and then extrapolated to geologic conditions by combining the thermal history data of the Xushen-1 Well. The results indicate that the coal measures in the Xujiaweizi fault depression are typical ＂high-efficiency gas sources＂, the natural gas generated from them has a high migration and accumulation efficiency, and consequently a large-scale natural gas accumulation occurred in the area. The highly/over matured coal measures in the Xujiaweizi fault depression generate coaliferous gas with a high δ^13C1 value （〉 -20‰） at the late stage, making the carbon isotope composition of organic alkane gases abnormally heavy. In addition, the mixing and dissipation through the caprock of natural gas can result in the negative carbon isotope sequence （δ^13C1 〉δ^13C2 〉δ^13C3 〉δ^13C4） of organic alkane gases, and the dissipation can also lead to the abnormally heavy carbon isotope composition of organic alkane gases. As for the discovery of inorganic nonhydrocarbon gas reservoirs, it can only serve as an accessorial evidence rather than a direct evidence that the hydrocarbon gas is inorganic. As a result, it needs stronger evidence to classify the hydrocarbon natural gas in the Xujiaweizi fault depression as inorganic gas.  相似文献   

Dynamical downscaling of regional climate over eastern China using RSM with multiple physics scheme ensembles     

Peishu  Zong  Jianping  Tang  Shuyu  Wang  Lingyun  Xie  Jianwei  Yu  Yunqian  Zhu  Xiaorui  Niu  Chao  Li 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2017,129(3-4):1263-1277

Theoretical and Applied Climatology - The parameterization of physical processes is one of the critical elements to properly simulate the regional climate over eastern China. It is essential to...  相似文献   

夏季黄河入海径流对黄河口及附近海域环流影响的数值研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

寿玮玮  宗海波  丁平兴 《海洋学报》2016,38(7):1-13

基于区域海洋模式ROMS,建立了一个三维非线性斜压浅海模式,考虑了包括径流、风场、海面热交换以及黄渤海环流等因素,研究了夏季8月份黄河入海径流量对黄河口及附近海域环流结构的影响。数值实验较好地佐证了黄河冲淡水的"北偏"现象,并很好的体现了冲淡水对河口附近海域环流结构的影响。数值研究表明:黄河入海径流量对河口附近海域环流结构有显著影响,径流越大冲淡水向北-西北方向偏转越明显,同时流轴中心余流流速也显著增大;莱州湾顺时针环流受黄河入海径流影响显著,径流量越大越不利于该环流的发育和维持,而径流量越小环流越稳定;径流量越大导致河口附近海域表层余流加大,余流垂向梯度得到加强,底部补偿流增强,河口垂向环流越明显。  相似文献   

Practical versus absolute salinity measurements: New advances in high performance seawater salinity sensors     

Philippe Grosso  Marc Le Menn  Jean-Louis De Bougrenet De La Tocnaye  Zong Yan Wu  Damien Malardé 《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2010,57(1):151-156

Optical salinity sensors described here measure directly the seawater refractive index and thus enable a measurement of the seawater density and composition variation. We detail the measurement dependence to environmental parameters (in particular temperature and pressure) compared to conductivity sensors, and demonstrate that it may be advantageous to directly measure refractive index rather than electrical conductivity and so obtain a more direct route to density and absolute salinity.  相似文献   

武汉志留纪兰多维列世盔甲鱼类新材料          下载免费PDF全文

刘一龙  黄烈斌  纵瑞文  龚一鸣 《地球科学》2021,46(9):3307-3320

汉阳鱼作为湖北武汉地区古生代鱼类的代表,其真实形态一直未被确定下来,同时关于汉阳鱼目内部的系统发育学关系也只停留在其下两个属种的讨论上,并未对其开展详细的分析讨论.采用形态学和分支系统学的方法,对湖北武汉兰多维列世清水组上部的盔甲鱼类新材料进行了详细研究,建立了汉阳鱼科一新属新种:意外洪山鱼（Hongshanaspis inexpectatus gen.et sp.nov.),同时修订了汉阳鱼属的部分特征.新属以头甲呈宽大于长的梯形和横长的长条形中背孔等特征而归属于汉阳鱼科,同时又以头甲侧缘从眶孔往后逐渐由光滑变为锯齿状,椭圆形的背位眶孔,发育8对侧横管和细小粒状的突起纹饰等特征区别于汉阳鱼科其他属种.分支系统学显示,汉阳鱼目并未组成一个单系类群,其下的汉阳鱼科的属种也并未组成一个单系类群,而是一个多分支形式,但其下的修水鱼科的属种却组成了一个单系类群.相关的相标志表明,相比于锅顶山汉阳鱼,意外洪山鱼生活在水体更深的潮控三角洲环境中.   相似文献   

A method for correcting regional bias in SMOS global salinity products     

佟晓林  王振占  李青侠 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2015,33(4):1072-1084

Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity(SMOS) Level 3(L3) sea surface salinity(SSS) products are provided by the Barcelona Expert Centre(BEC). Strong biases were observed on the SMOS SSS products, thus the data from the Centre Aval de Traitement des Données SMOS(CATDS) were adjusted for biases using a large-scale correction derived from observed differences between the SMOS SSS and World Ocean Atlas(WOA) climatology data. However, this large-scale correction method is not suitable for correcting the large gradient of salinity biases. Here, we present a method for the correction of SSS regional bias of the monthly L3 products. Based on the stable characteristics of the large SSS biases from month to month in some regions, corrected SMOS SSS maps can be obtained from the monthly mean values after removing the regional biases. The accuracy of the SMOS SSS measurements is greatly improved, especially near the coastline, at high latitudes, and in some open ocean regions. The SMOS and ISAS SSS data are also compared with Aquarius SSS to verify the corrected SMOS SSS data. The correction method presented here only corrects annual mean biases. The measurement accuracy of the SSS may be improved by considering the influence of atmospheric and ocean circulation in different seasons and years.  相似文献   

长江破碎带的研究过程及最新认识   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

侯康明  宗开红  郭江宁  熊振  李丽梅  周彩霞  蒋波 《震灾防御技术》2007,2(4):331-338

本文依据南京市及其附近区域(活动断层探测目标区范围)所开展的浅层人工地震探测、槽探、钻探,以及第四纪地层划分、新年代学测试数据等多学科资料,综合评价了长江破碎带的最新活动年代、活动性质、断层相关参数及其与地震活动关系方面的最新认识。  相似文献