黄色系硅化造礁石珊瑚的结构特征及颜色成因研究     

郭逸琳  郭颖 《岩石矿物学杂志》2024,43(3):663-672

近些年,黄色系硅化造礁石珊瑚以其独特的花纹和美丽的颜色受到了人们的关注和喜爱。为充分认识硅化造礁石珊瑚的结构特征及颜色成因,本文采用X射线粉末衍射仪、偏光显微镜、热场发射扫描电子显微镜、紫外-可见光分光光度计和拉曼光谱仪对3块天然黄色系硅化造礁石珊瑚进行了研究。结果表明: 所研究的硅化造礁石珊瑚空腔区与隔片区石英颗粒的形态、种类及分布特征不同。当隔片和体壁所围成的空腔或是共骨之间的空腔足够大时,沿空腔内壁到中心,石英颗粒的种类和形态从不规则的细粒→他形的中粒→他形-半自形粗粒;当空腔受到挤压时,石英颗粒主要为他形或似纤维状的细粒石英。隔片区的石英颗粒主要为细粒石英。在偏光显微镜下观察到的黄色-褐红色的矿物经证实为针铁矿和赤铁矿,其中赤铁矿是黄色系硅化造礁石珊瑚的主要致色矿物。受造礁石珊瑚骨骼结构的影响,微观上针铁矿和赤铁矿总是以色素点的方式存在于极细粒或细粒石英颗粒的间隙,宏观上富集于隔片区和空腔边缘。  相似文献   

定点形变站网运行管理与产品服务平台设计与实现     

樊俊屹  张燕  吴凯  赵莹  王军  刘高川 《中国地震》2024,40(1):184-196

定点形变站网以地壳形变作为观测对象,通过连续观测地壳水平变形和垂直变形,获取地壳应力应变的时变信息,为地震中短期和短临预测提供基础数据。在地震台站改革新形势下,为进一步提升定点形变站网产品产出自动化水平和定点形变产品在地震行业中的应用,2023年,中国地震台网中心联合湖北省地震局建立了基于B-S架构的定点形变站网运行管理与产品服务平台,该平台是定点形变观测的综合性业务平台,集成了原有的多个系统功能,实现了统一的在线数据处理、质量评估、产品发布及对外服务功能。平台部署至今,已逐步发挥成效,推动提升了站网运行管理规范化、信息化水平及产出服务能力。  相似文献   

A high-precision time–frequency analysis for thin hydrocarbon reservoir identification based on synchroextracting generalized S-transform     

Ying Hu  Hui Chen  Hongyan Qian  Xinyue Zhou  Yuanjun Wang  Bin Lyu 《Geophysical Prospecting》2020,68(3):941-954

Improving the seismic time–frequency resolution is a crucial step for identifying thin reservoirs. In this paper, we propose a new high-precision time–frequency analysis algorithm, synchroextracting generalized S-transform, which exhibits superior performance at characterizing reservoirs and detecting hydrocarbons. This method first calculates time–frequency spectra using generalized S-transform; then, it squeezes all but the most smeared time–frequency coefficients into the instantaneous frequency trajectory and finally obtains highly accurate and energy-concentrated time–frequency spectra. We precisely deduce the mathematical formula of the synchroextracting generalized S-transform. Synthetic signal examples testify that this method can correctly decompose a signal and provide a better time–frequency representation. The results of a synthetic seismic signal and real seismic data demonstrate that this method can identify some reservoirs with thincknesses smaller than a quarter wavelength and can be successfully applied for hydrocarbon detection. In addition, examples of synthetic signals with different levels of Gaussian white noise show that this method can achieve better results under noisy conditions. Hence, the synchroextracting generalized S-transform has great application prospects and merits in seismic signal processing and interpretation.  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯块体西南缘地区震源机制解与构造应力场特征分析     

王莹  赵韬  刘春  冯希杰 《地震地磁观测与研究》2020,41(4):18-25

计算了2001年1月至2018年9月鄂尔多斯块体西南缘地区（33°—38°N,103°—109°E）M_L≥3.0地震的震源机制,分析了该区域震源机制解特征,在此基础上,采用平均矩张量技术反演了该区域的构造应力场特征。结果表明,研究区震源机制类型以走滑型和逆冲型为主,其空间分布基本与区域构造动力背景和断裂性质一致,少量不符合区域构造性质的震源机制则反映了局部地质构造的复杂性。区域构造变形主体为NE向压缩,NW向相对扩张,反映了青藏高原块体对鄂尔多斯块体的直接作用。  相似文献   

若干水华相关藻类对太湖水体异味物质贡献的初步研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李维唯  郭康宁  刘莉文  杨荧  李继影  徐恒省  李建宏 《湖泊科学》2018,30(4):916-924

太湖水体中嗅味物质2-甲基异莰醇(MIB)和土臭素(Geo)的出现与水华发生在时间上高度重叠,为探寻水华中常见藻类与嗅味的关系,本研究通过对实验室培养藻株和野外水样比较分析,探寻了部分藻株与太湖水体嗅味物质的关系.分析实验室培养的15株蓝藻(其中11株微囊藻)、4株绿藻和4株硅藻,仅硅藻培养物测定出了Geo,所有藻株均未检测出MIB;对太湖典型水样分析结果显示,水体中MIB与Geo的浓度与微囊藻细胞浓度无相关性;实验室模拟微囊藻水华腐败结果显示,无论是好氧还是厌氧条件下均未产生MIB和Geo;这些数据结果说明湖水中MIB和Geo与水华主要种群微囊藻无直接关系.在鱼腥藻水华中测出了高浓度的MIB,周年水样分析结果显示鱼腥藻细胞数与MIB浓度变化规律一致,因此鱼腥藻可能是MIB的重要来源.但实验室培养的Anabaena sp.PCC7120无论是在缺氮还是有氮培养条件下均不产MIB和Geo,说明嗅味物质的产生具有藻株特异性.  相似文献   

基于NRS-ISSA-SVM的砂土液化判别模型          下载免费PDF全文

姜礼涛  周爱红  袁颖  刘育林  宁志杰  牛建广 《地震工程学报》2022,44(3):570-578

针对砂土液化判别中影响因素与砂土状态间映射关系的不确定性及模糊性等问题,在邻域粗糙集(Neighborhood Rough Set, NRS)因素约简的基础上,利用多策略融合的改进麻雀搜索算法(Improved Sparrow Search Algorithm, ISSA)优化支持向量机(Support Vector Machine, SVM)参数C和g,构建了SVM砂土液化判别模型。以吉林松原地区的42组实例作为总体样本集,其中35组作为训练集,另外7组作为测试集,利用邻域粗糙集对9个影响因素约简得到4个因素,然后输入ISSA-SVM模型进行预测,并进行了约简得到的因素敏感性分析。结果表明：因素约简剔除了冗余属性,降低了模型复杂度;ISSA算法具有极强的探索性、收敛性和局部逃逸能力;相比于其他模型,NRS-ISSA-SVM砂土液化判别模型精度更高,泛化能力更强;建议要判别砂土的液化状态,需要准确查明水位埋深、地震烈度、标准贯入击数,非液化土层厚度这4个因素,尤其是前三个因素。通过易获取的影响因素建立NRS-ISSA-SVM砂土液化判别模型,不仅可准确地判断该区域其余未知点的砂土状态,...  相似文献   

洱海湖滨带冬季水鸟的水质指示作用     

张淑霞  吴慧琳  周俊  高颖  蒋鋆  肖文 《湖泊科学》2017,29(4):804-810

水鸟在物种或群落水平上可以对湿地营养状态有所响应,预警生态系统有害的改变.以大型淡水湖泊洱海为例,基于2015年2月沿岸17个观察点的冬季水鸟调查与水质同步监测,研究小(Podiceps ruficollis)、白骨顶(Fulica atra)和黑水鸡(Gallinula chloropus)密度对沿岸水体中总磷和总氮浓度的响应关系.结果发现白骨顶和小密度均与总氮浓度呈显著正相关,也均与总磷浓度呈显著正相关;黑水鸡密度与总氮和总磷浓度无显著相关性.结果表明,水鸟可以在物种水平上对洱海湖滨带水中营养物质变化有所响应,也强调了根据具体指示物种的生态学习性选择水鸟指示物种尤为重要.白骨顶和小在更大空间和时间尺度上的水质指示作用有待于更多湖泊或水库水体的长期相关研究.  相似文献   

STUDY ON FOCAL DEPTH OF THE M_S5.4 CANGWU EARTHQUAKE IN GUANGXI     

ZHAO Tao  CHU Ri-sheng  NI Si-dao  WANG Ying  ZHOU Yong  ZENG Xiang-fang 《地震地质》2019,41(3):619-632

On July 31th, 2016, a magnitude 5.4 earthquake struck Cangwu Country, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, it was the largest earthquake recorded by Guangxi Seismological Network since it set up. The number of people affected by the earthquake had reached 20 000, and the direct economic losses caused by the earthquake were nearly 100 million Yuan. After the earthquake, USGS provided a global earthquake catalog showing that the focal depth of Cangwu earthquake was about 24.5km. However, the result given by the Global Centroid Moment Tensor showed the focal depth of this earthquake was 15.6km. However, the result obtained by Xu Xiaofeng et al. using CAP method was 5.1km. It was clear that the focal depths of Cangwu earthquake given by different institutions were quite different from each other. However, accurate focal depth of the earthquake has important significance for exploring the tectonic mechanism near the epicenter, so it is necessary to further determine the more accurate depth of the Cangwu earthquake. In order to further accurately determine the focal depth of Cangwu earthquake, we used the global search method for travel-time residual to calculate the focal depth of this earthquake and its error range, based on the regional velocity model, which is a one-dimensional velocity model of the Xianggui tectonic belt produced by the comprehensive geophysical profile. Then, we inverted the focal mechanism of this earthquake with the CAP method. Based on this, the focal depth of Cangwu M_S5.4 earthquake was further determined by the method of the Rayleigh surface wave amplitude spectrum and the sPL phase, respectively. Computed results reveal that the focal depth of this earthquake and its error range from the travel-time residual global search method is about(13±3)km, the focal depth inverted by CAP method is about 10km, the focal depth from sPL phase is about 10km, and the focal depth from Rayleigh surface wave amplitude spectrum is about 9~10km. Finally, we confirmed that the focal depth of Cangwu M_S5.4 earthquake is about 10km, which indicates that this earthquake still occurred in the upper crust. In the case of low network density, the sPL phase and Rayleigh wave amplitude spectrum recorded by only 1 or 2 broadband stations could be used to obtain more accurate focal depth. The focal depth's accuracy of Cangwu M_S5.4 earthquake in the USGS global earthquake catalog has yet to be improved. In the future, we should consider the error of the source parameters when using the USGS global earthquake catalog for other related research.  相似文献   

基于天地图高精度建筑物的四川宝兴县人口估算     

赵真  郭红梅  张莹  申源 《地震研究》2019,42(2):204-209,I0002

为了提高震前灾害风险评估和震后灾情快速评估工作中人口空间分布估计的准确性,利用2016年四川宝兴县乡镇人口数据及天地图中的建筑物数据,运用居住建筑人口密度方法得到四川宝兴县各乡镇居住建筑物尺度的人口分布矢量数据,并利用实地调研获取的单体建筑物实际人口进行精度验证。实验结果表明:以居住建筑物体积作为人口空间分布指示因子建模,得到的拟合精度为0.9027,人口平均相对误差为15.23%,结果具有可靠性,可为震前灾害风险评估和震后灾情快速评估提供更为可靠的数据支撑。  相似文献   

四川地区一维地壳速度模型研究     

王宇航  唐淋  黄春梅  傅莺  蒋波  管勇 《四川地震》2019,(3):8-12

本文以四川地震台网2009~2014年的编目报告为基础,选择定位精度为1且记录台站数大于30的地震,筛选去除其中因定位深度误差或者空隙角偏大而造成的异常结果,验证了数据的合理性和稳定性;优选出47个地震,对其重新判读,结合折合走时调整以及Hyposat批处理方法,得到了适应四川地区地震的平均速度模型;并利用人工爆破事件、PTD方法的地震定位结果进行对比,分析使用不同模型时的结果差异。  相似文献