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41.
长江三角洲地区生态经济系统协调度及其预警(英文) 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
On the basis of Landsat TM data of the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) Economic Zone in 1991, 2001 and 2008, this article, taking 90 counties in this region as study units, built spatial data transformation models, ecosystem service value (ESV) and coordination degree of eco-economic system (CDES) models. With the aid of ArcGIS9.3, mass grid and vector data has been processed for spatial analyses. ESV and CDES indexes have demonstrated the relationship between economic development and eco-environment system and its evolu-tion characteristics in the researched areas. Furthermore, the indexes have also been used for functional zoning and pattern recognition. Some results can be shown as follows. Firstly, since 1991, land use in the YRD has greatly changed: urban land area has increased primar-ily from original paddy land, dry land, grassland, garden plot and other land. Secondly, the ESV model has proved the deterioration trend of the YRD ecological system from 1991 to 2001 and slower degradation trend during 2001-2008. Also, it is illustrated that land-use conversion from water area and paddy field to urban area and dry land could cause great damage to ecosystem stabilization. Thirdly, GDP in the central and southern parts of the YRD is higher than that in the northern part since 1991. GDP growth rate in the central part is higher than that in the northern part during 1991-2001. This growth rate in the central part is also higher than that in the southern and northern parts of the YRD from 2001 to 2008. Fourthly, the YRD could be categorized into 12 types of subregions in terms of CDES index. According to its spatial characteristic of CDES index value in the study area, eco-economic conflict area with low CDES value which is located in the central part is surrounded by eco-coordinated areas with high CDES values. This illustrates a core-periphery spatial structure exists in the YRD. During 1991-2001, the CDES value implied the convergent de-terioration trend of eco-economic system in the study area; while it gradually stepped into coexistence of divergent deterioration and coordination during 2001-2008. Finally, this paper analyzed five subregions in the YRD, including initially degrading zone, initially coordinative zone, continuously degrading zone, coordination-declined zone and coordination-promoted zone, based on eco-economic coordination and evolution patterns. And these subregions can be recognized and categorized by spatial transformation model. 相似文献
42.
基于位置大数据的青藏高原人类活动时空模式 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
随着青藏高原城镇化和旅游的发展,人类活动强度不断加剧,有必要对青藏高原不同类型的人类活动时空模式进行研究,以便了解不同区域人类活动对自然环境的影响以及更好地采取生态环境保护措施。利用腾讯位置大数据,分析青藏高原在旅游淡季和旅游旺季的人类活动时空模式,研究旅游人口对青藏高原人类活动的影响。本文分别选取2018年1月和7月的腾讯定位请求数据,构建多时空维度的高阶张量,采用张量分解的方法对数据进行降维,获取旅游淡季和旺季不同时空维度的主要特征,分析活动模式,发现青藏高原在旅游淡季和旺季的活动模式在时间上和空间上都有很大不同,体现了旅游人口造成的影响。在旅游淡季,青藏高原居民的活动在凌晨有个高峰,在午间有个低谷,并且表现有特殊的节日模式,工作日的人类活动主要分布在城镇等人口聚集区,休息日向城镇周边发散;旺季凌晨活动分为两个高峰,一个在时间上较淡季提前,与午夜活动相连,另一个较淡季的时间推迟,旺季活动没有午间的低谷和特殊的节日模式,且工作日和休息日的日间活动都分布较广。 相似文献
43.
农旅融合发展作为当前推进乡村建设的重要引擎,为实现乡村振兴,促进新型乡村社会关系下的旅游产业差异化、合作化、创新化发展,基于传统的乡村熟人社会关系特征,梳理乡村社会关系转型要素构架,构建农旅融合视角下亲缘、地缘、业缘、志缘、外缘关系综合作用的新型乡村社会关系“五缘增上”机理模型。通过实地调研、深度访谈,结合GIS空间分析陈界村农旅融合发展中的社会关系特征,总结得出：乡村社会的五缘关系相互支撑、相互渗透、相互反馈,亲缘关系趋向功利化,但仍占主导地位,非亲缘关系正呈现不断增强的趋势。最终,从乡村五缘互补发展路径、乡村人才凝聚振兴路径、利益联合共同信任路径三方面提出发展意见,助推乡村振兴,为乡村旅游产业发展提供借鉴和参考。 相似文献
44.
The concept of‘Beautiful China'is a new goal of ecological construction in the new era of socialism and aims to meet the needs of people as they strive for a better life.National land spatial planning is one major component of the Chinese state's overall planning for various spatial types.The concept of‘Beautiful China'is thus a leading goal of Chinese development in the second centenary.The background of this concept aims for‘ecological beauty'as well as the combined beauty of‘economy-politics-culture-society-ecology.'The construction of‘Beautiful China'therefore necessitates a differentiated evaluation index system that is built on the basis of local conditions.This concept is intimately related to land spatial planning and the idea of Beautiful China guides an important direction for this planning which itself provides an important mechanism and spatial guarantee for construction.The establishment of land spatial planning nevertheless needs to strengthen further discussion of the regional system of human-land relationship,point axis system,main functional division,sustainable development,resources and environmental carrying capacity as well as new urbanization,and the rural multi-system.The aim of this paper is to summarize current thinking in land spatial planning,scientifically analyze the natural geographical conditions,the socioeconomic development,the interrelationship of the land space,plan the goal,vision and path of land space,encourage the public to participate in and carry out dynamic evaluation,build an intelligent system platform for land and spatial planning to realize the goal of‘Beautiful China'from a geographical perspective.And they can also present key ideas relating to the compilation and implementation of land spatial planning. 相似文献
45.
网络空间地理学的理论基础与技术路径 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
网络空间作为人类活动新的空间形态,是人和信息的共同载体,网络空间安全是国家安全的重要基础。对网络空间的科学刻画,是网络事件分析、网络空间治理、网络安全保障的重要基石,也是信息化时代地理学研究拓展的新领域。在全球网络空间激烈竞争的背景下,亟需加强地理学与网络空间安全等学科的交叉融合,在传统地理学的基础上进行理论创新和方法创新,创建网络空间地理学。网络空间地理学是地理学研究内容从现实空间向虚拟空间的延伸,理论基础是从传统地理学的人地关系理论演变为人地网关系理论;研究内容包括构建网络空间、现实空间的映射关系,在网络空间重新定义传统地理学关于距离、区域等基本概念,构建网络空间可视化表达的语言、模型、方法体系,绘制网络空间地图,探究网络空间结构和行为的演变规律等;技术路径包括网络空间要素数据采集与融合、网络空间可视化表达、网络空间态势与行为智能认知等,其中智能认知涵盖了网络空间态势现状评估、网络热点事件传播与溯源分析、网络事件态势模拟与风险预测等。网络空间地理学的创建将为网络空间的科学认知、地理学与网络空间安全等学科建设以及国家网络安全防控和全球网络空间命运共同体的构建提供新视角。 相似文献
46.
中国城市群地区PM2.5时空演变格局及其影响因素 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
城市群作为中国新型城镇化主体形态,是支撑全国经济增长、促进区域协调发展、参与国际分工合作的重要平台,也是空气污染的核心区域。本文选取2000-2015年NASA大气遥感影像反演PM2.5数据,运用GIS空间分析和空间面板杜宾模型,揭示了中国城市群PM2.5的时空演变特征与主控因素。结果显示：① 2000-2015年中国城市群PM2.5浓度呈现波动增长趋势,2007年出现拐点,低浓度城市减少,高浓度城市增多。② 城市群PM2.5浓度以胡焕庸线为界呈现东高西低的格局,城市群间空间差异性显著且不断扩大,东部、东北地区浓度提升更快。③ 城市群PM2.5年均浓度空间集聚性显著,以胡焕庸线为界,热点区域集中东部,范围持续增加,冷点集中在西部,范围持续缩小。④ 城市群内各城市间PM2.5浓度存在空间溢出效应。不同城市群影响要素差异显著,工业化和能源消耗对PM2.5污染有正向影响;外商投资在东南沿海和边境城市群对PM2.5污染具有负向影响;人口密度对本地区PM2.5污染主要具有正向影响,对邻近地区则相反;城市化水平在国家级城市群对PM2.5污染有负向影响,在区域性和地方性城市群则相反;产业结构高级度对本地区PM2.5污染有负向影响,对邻近地区则相反;技术扶持度对PM2.5污染的影响显著,但存在滞后性和回弹效应。 相似文献
47.
The Beautiful China Initiative(BCI)is a plan for the sustainable development of the Chinese nation as well as for China to fulfill the United Nations’2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.The Chinese government’s“five-in-one”approach provides strategic arrangements for developing the BCI,and President Xi Jinping proposed a timetable and“road map”for the BCI at the National Conference on Ecological and Environmental Protection.Nevertheless,the theoretical basis,evaluation index system,evaluation criteria and effectiveness of the BCI are currently unclear.This paper begins by exploring the basic content of the BCI from narrow and broad perspectives.It regards the theory of human-nature harmonious coexistence and the five-in-one beauty theory as the core theoretical bases of the BCI and constructs a five-element BCI evaluation index system(ecological environment,green development,social harmony,system perfection and cultural heritage)and utilizes the assessment method of the United Nations’Human Development Index to assess scientifically the effectiveness of the BCI in 341 prefecture-level cities.The results show the average BCI index(the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beauty Index)score to be 0.28,which is quite low,while the average scores for the individual element indexes of the ecological environment index,green development index,social harmony index,system perfection index and cultural heritage index are 0.6,0.22,0.29,0.22 and 0.07,respectively.All of these are relatively low values,with relatively large discrepancies in regional development,indicating that progress in the BCI is generally slow and unbalanced.To realize the BCI’s timetable and roadmap to a high quality and high standard,it is suggested that a common system for evaluating the progress of the BCI is developed and promulgated so that dynamic monitoring and phased evaluations can take place;BCI technical assessment standards are compiled and published;BCI comprehensive zoning is undertaken;pilot projects adapted to local conditions are launched in BCI sample areas;and BCI results are incorporated into performance indicators at all levels of government. 相似文献
48.
渤海海峡跨海通道客货流量预测分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在搜集整理1990-2015年26年的相关统计年鉴数据和实际调查数据的基础上,选取26项指标,以经济地理学和交通地理学原理为指导,以区域人口、经济、城镇化发展趋势为轴线,对未来渤海海峡跨海通道（Bohai Strait Cross-sea Channel, BSCC）潜在的客、货、车流量进行预测。预测涉及省区、全国和世界（国际贸易）三个层面和高、中、低三种方案。由于预测的时间长（2017-2050年）,设定7个特征年份。本文借助EXCEL、SPSS、ArcGIS、MATLAB R2011b等技术平台,采用时间序列曲线估算法、建立客货流量指数模型、建立GRNN模型、交通可达性研究等多种方法有机结合进行预测;并在预测基础上进行以下分析：① 2020-2050年BSCC客货流量结构及发展趋势;② 2020-2050年BSCC客、货、车流量结构及发展趋势;③ 2020-2050年BSCC客货运输承载力;④ BSCC建设的可行性与不可行性;⑤ 未来BSCC建设的经济效益。预测结果表明：2050年以前建成BSCC,将会出现“特大工程特大亏损”的状况。在这种情况下,还将对BSCC的海运产生颠覆性影响,其损失将是巨大的。2040年以前完全没有必要建设BSCC,即使是2050年,其建设与否,也应该根据2050年前后社会经济发展的实际情况而定。 相似文献
49.
淮河流域空间开发区划研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
主体功能区划已经成为国家战略,但以行政区为基本划分单元的划分方法仍然没有遵循生态系统的完整性规律。论文将流域生态系统完整性规律引入到主体功能区划思想体系,以淮河全流域30mDEM为数据基础,运用Hydrology模型进行四级子流域划分及科学编码,以此为研究单元从空间开发约束、空间开发强度和空间开发引导三个维度构建空间开发区划指标体系,运用格网方法归并多图层要素进行流域空间开发区划,以精确反映流域覆被特征与图层对应关系,体现流域生态系统的完整性特征,同时也突破了主体功能区县域单元传统划分方法的行政区限制,最终将淮河流域划分为重点开发区、优化开发区、农业发展区、限制开发区、生态保护区,并提出相应的发展对策。 相似文献
50.
基于多层递阶方法的边坡位移预测 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
提出采用多层建模法预报边坡位移。该方法把动态系统的状态(或输出)预报问题分为系统的时变参数预报和在此基础上对系统的状态(或输出)预报两部分,可充分考虑被预报系统的时变特性。给出了多层递阶的建模和预报方法。工程实例表明该方法有较好的预测精度和实用价值。 相似文献