Book reviews     

Heiner Josenhans  John H. Wrenn  Dag Nummedal 《Geo-Marine Letters》1994,14(1):65-67

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Addendum to “Effects of sea roughness and atmospheric stability on wind wave growth”     

Dag Myrhaug  Olav H. Slaattelid 《Ocean Engineering》2003,30(8):1079-1082

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Predicting particulate pools of nitrogen,phosphorus and organic carbon in lakes     

Andreas C. Bryhn  Dag O. Hessen  Thorsten Blenckner 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》2007,69(4):484-494

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Chemical stratigraphy of recent sediments from a depth gradient in a meromictic lake, Nordbytjernet, SE Norway, in relation to variable external loading and sedimentary fluxes     

Dag Hongve 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2003,30(1):75-93

Cores of recent sediments were sampled along a depth gradient in a 23 m deep kettle lake with stagnant deep waters containing exceptionally high concentrations of dissolved iron and manganese. Sediment cores were taken on two occasions, in 1978 and 1997, before and after an incidence of full circulation. The aims of this study are to see how oxic and anoxic conditions in the water column influence stratigraphy and sediment focusing and, to compare cores from 1979 and 1998 to see how measured element fluxes and external events are reflected in the chemical stratigraphy. Element analyses show characteristic stratigraphic patterns that depend on the ability to undergo redox transformations, sorptive properties and chemical equilibria in the anoxic deep waters and porewaters. In sediments from the oxic part of the lake Al, Cr, Co, Ni, Zn Cu, Cd, and Pb were well correlated. Positive correlations are seen between elements associated with primary production and sulphur. In the anoxic part of the lake most metals were positively correlated with carbonate. Phosphorus correlated positively with iron in sediments from oxic waters and negatively with manganese and iron deep-water sediments. Porewater analyses indicate that recycling from the deep-water sediments was negligible. The stratigraphy of lead agrees with the historic variation in atmospheric input and is used as a chronological marker. Assessed deposition rates agree with measurements in sediment traps. Most elements more than double their rates of deposition towards the deepest point of the lake, while sulphur, manganese and carbonate had maxima around the depth of the redoxcline in the water. Variations in the external loading and variable redox conditions in the deep waters explain variations in the chemical composition of recent sediments.  相似文献   

The Baltic Sea Experiment BALTEX: A brief overview and some selected results of the authors     

Ehrhard Raschke  Ute Karstens  Ralph Nolte-Holube  Rüdiger Brandt  Hans-Jörg Isemer  Dag Lohmann  Manfred Lobmeyr  Burkhardt Rockel  Rolf Stuhlmann 《Surveys in Geophysics》1998,19(1):1-22

The mechanisms responsible for the transfer of energy and water within the climate system are under worldwide investigation within the framework of the Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (GEWEX) to improve the predictability of natural and man-made climate changes at short and long ranges and their impact on water resources. Five continental-scale experiments have been established within GEWEX to enable a more complete coupling between atmospheric and hydrological models. One of them is the Baltic Sea Experiment (BALTEX).In this paper, the goals and structure of BALTEX are outlined. A short overview of measuring and modelling strategies is given. Atmospheric and hydrological model results of the authors only are presented. These include also the validation of precipitation using station measurements as well as validation of modelled cloud cover with cloud estimates from satellite data. Furthermore, results of a large-scale grid based hydrological model to be coupled to atmospheric models are presented.This research has never been possible without the contribution of research groups and operational institutions from all 10 member countries. We concentrate here on results obtained at the GKSS research center.  相似文献   

Increased colour and organic acid concentrations in Norwegian forest lakes and drinking water – a result of increased precipitation?     

Dag Hongve  Gunnhild Riise  Jan F. Kristiansen 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》2004,66(2):231-238

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Rapid physicochemical changes in the high Arctic Lake Kongressvatn caused by recent climate change     

Trine Marianne Holm  Karin A. Koinig  Tom Andersen  Espen Donali  Anne Hormes  Dag Klaveness  Roland Psenner 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》2012,74(3):385-395

High Arctic lakes are among the most sensitive ecosystems and climate change strongly affects their physical properties, especially water temperature, and mixing processes. To study the effect of recent climate change on such a lake in the Arctic environment, we measured water chemistry and temperature from 2005 to 2010 in Kongressvatn, a crenogenic meromictic lake in Spitsbergen (Svalbard). In addition, we monitored water column temperatures during two consecutive years and compared them to regional air temperature data and physicochemical lake data from 1962 and 1968, two relatively cold years. Summer surface water temperature was highly correlated to air temperature, and both have increased by approximately 2°C since 1962. Temperature monitoring during 2?years showed that the warm summer of 2007 resulted in increased water temperatures even in the stratified, denser hypolimnion. Our water chemistry measurements showed that the chemocline position in 2005?C2010 was ca 12?m deeper than in 1962?C1968, and a second, weaker, chemocline appeared at metalimnetic depths of 7?C15?m. During the study period, the water level decreased by 4?m, and this change accelerated between 2008 and 2010. Our data support the hypothesis that water temperatures and stratification patterns are changing rapidly with air temperature, but changes in the catchment, such as glacial retreat and permafrost melting, may have an even stronger impact on lake properties.  相似文献   

Rippled scour depressions on continental shelf bank slopes off Nordland and Troms,Northern Norway     

Valérie K. Bellec  Reidulv Bøe  Leif Rise  Dag Slagstad  Oddvar Longva  Margaret F.J. Dolan 《Continental Shelf Research》2010

Multibeam bathymetry acquired under the MAREANO programme from the continental shelf off Nordland and Troms, northern Norway, show bedforms that we have interpreted as rippled scour depressions. They occur in three areas offshore on bank slopes facing southeast, more than 15 km from land. They are generally found where the slope gradient is low, in water depths of 70–160 m. Individual depressions are up to 3 km long, 1 m deep and up to 300 m wide. They occur in areas where sediments evolve quickly from glacial deposits on the banks to post-glacial muddy sediments on the glacial troughs. Multibeam backscatter and underwater video data show that depression floors are covered by rippled, gravelly, shelly sand. Ripple crests are parallel or slightly oblique to the depression axis orientation. Sand without bedforms is observed between the depressions. TOPAS seismic lines show that the uppermost seismic unit consists of the sand between the depressions. The base of this unit may be the last transgressive/tidal/wave ravinement surface. Physical oceanographic modelling indicates that maximum current velocities are up to 0.6 m/s in the rippled scour depression areas. Stronger currents appear to inhibit the building of these features. Tidal currents play an important role as they trend parallel to the southeast banks slopes and are likely responsible of the gravelly ripples formation inside the depressions as well as the persistence of these depressions which are not covered by finer sediments. On Malangsgrunnen bank, some of the rippled scour depressions are in the extension of NW–SE furrows located on the bank. Simulated bottom currents indicate currents mainly perpendicular to these furrows, as for the rippled scour depressions on the bank slopes. Nevertheless, these features could also highlight currents coming from the northwest which reach the bank margin and continue down to the areas of the rippled scour depressions. These currents could be responsible for the formation of some of the bedforms, together with tidal currents.  相似文献   

前陆盆地的三维挠曲数值模拟: 以怀俄明西南上白垩统研究为例     

Hongjun Luo  Dag Nummedal  Shaofeng Liu 《地学前缘》2010,17(4):128-139

前陆盆地的三维挠曲数值模拟是预测盆地三维格架和关键构造要素分布的强有力工具, 如在预测前隆分布方面(低隆起幅度、大范围分布的前隆很难从地下资料中识别)。为了解释详细地层对比中发现的前隆迁移,对怀俄明西南晚白垩世前陆盆地做了三维挠曲数值模拟。模拟过程中采用弹性地壳模型,并以详细的年代地层资料作为基本的输入数据。挠曲负载的估计来源于公开发表的怀俄明逆冲带的横剖面资料和风河逆冲带的缩短速率。模拟结果表明,由于逆冲负载的分布,前隆只局限分布在盆地的南部。随负载的迁移,前隆随时间向东南方向迁移。由于怀俄明逆冲带和风河逆冲带的相互作用,弹性地壳形成三维“前缘穹隆”而不是二维“前缘隆起”。三维挠曲模拟是理解怀俄明西南晚白垩世前隆迁移的关键。  相似文献   

A Comparative Study for 3D Surface Modeling of Coal Deposit by Spatial Interpolation Approaches     

Ahmet Dag  Ali Can Ozdemir 《Resource Geology》2013,63(4):394-403

The planning stages of mining require comprehensive and detailed analyses. The proper determination of the orebody boundary is one of the most important points to provide optimum model structure and projections. The limits can be determined by different methods based on the site geology. Although some three dimensional (3D) models were proposed for providing detailed information concerning a mine deposit, developing a solid model via a 3D approach is novelty. In other words, surface modeling should be performed for creating a solid model and determining limits of the deposit. In this way, sensible generation of the surface model can be achieved. This study investigated the estimation capability of the polynomial approach, which is a novel spatial interpolation method, for modeling a coal deposit surface. The performance of the proposed model was compared with some conventional methods in the literature. The results showed that the polynomial interpolation method is an effective method to employ for surface modeling of a mine deposit.  相似文献