基于快速傅里叶方法的地震前兆振幅谱分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

戴勇  高立新  尹战军  查斯  杨彦明 《地震地磁观测与研究》2012,33(2):51-58

利用FFT方法,对地电、地磁、形变及重力等前兆时间序列信号进行分析,结果显示,宝昌地震台及乌加河地震台地电两测向日均值时间序列存在3个主要谐波分量,其中周期近一年的分量物理意义明确.FFT方法在精确确定前兆时间序列中的干扰信息周期时具有较好的效果.  相似文献   

随机地震反演关键参数优选和效果分析(英文)   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

黄哲远  甘利灯  戴晓峰  李凌高  王军 《应用地球物理》2012,9(1):49-56

随机地震反演技术是将地质统计理论和地震反演相结合的反演方法,它将地震资料、测井资料和地质统计学信息融合为地下模型的后验概率分布,利用马尔科夫链蒙特卡洛(MCMC)方法对该后验概率分布采样,通过综合分析多个采样结果来研究后验概率分布的性质,进而认识地下情况。本文首先介绍了随机地震反演的原理,然后对影响随机地震反演效果的四个关键参数,即地震资料信噪比、变差函数、后验概率分布的样本个数和井网密度进行分析并给出其优化原则。资料分析表明地震资料信噪比控制地震资料和地质统计规律对反演结果的约束程度,变差函数影响反演结果的平滑程度,后验概率分布的样本个数决定样本统计特征的可靠性,而参与反演的井网密度则影响反演的不确定性。最后通过对比试验工区随机地震反演和基于模型的确定性地震反演结果,指出随机地震反演可以给出更符合地下实际情况的模型。  相似文献   

Finite element numerical simulation of 2.5D direct current method based on mesh refinement and recoarsement     

Qian-Jiang Zhang  Shi-Kun Dai  Long-Wei Chen  Jian-Ke Qiang  Kun Li  Dong-Dong Zhao 《应用地球物理》2016,13(2):257-266

To deal with the problem of low computational precision at the nodes near the source and satisfy the requirements for computational efficiency in inversion imaging and finite-element numerical simulations of the direct current method, we propose a new mesh refinement and recoarsement method for a two-dimensional point source. We introduce the mesh refinement and mesh recoarsement into the traditional structured mesh subdivision. By refining the horizontal grids, the singularity owing to the point source is minimized and the topography is simulated. By recoarsening the horizontal grids, the number of grid cells is reduced significantly and computational efficiency is improved. Model tests show that the proposed method solves the singularity problem and reduces the number of grid cells by 80% compared to the uniform grid refinement.  相似文献   

山东地区地震加速度反应谱特征周期的统计研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

王红卫  葛孚刚  王冬雷  冯志军  李红 《震灾防御技术》2016,11(2):322-330

本文收集整理了2010年至2013年期间山东地区830个地震安全性评价工程的场地类型、覆盖层厚度、钻孔剪切波速、自由基岩地震动峰值加速度和地震加速度反应谱特征周期等资料,在计算出场地指数的基础上,采用回归分析方法,对特征周期与基岩峰值加速度、场地指数之间的关系进行了统计研究,并得出了三者之间的定量表达式。结果表明,特征周期与基岩峰值加速度的自然对数呈线性相关,与场地指数呈非线性相关。  相似文献   

Distribution of fatty acids in the alpine grassland soils of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau     

GuoHua Dai  ShanShan Zhu  ZongGuang Liu  LiTong Chen  JinSheng He  XiaoJuan Feng 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2016,59(7):1329-1338

As an important biomarker, fatty acids(FAs) have been extensively used to trace the origin of organic matter in sediments and soils. However, studies of the distribution and abundance of FAs in alpine grassland soils are still rare, especially on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau(QTP), the highest plateau in the world, which contributes sediments to many large rivers in Asia. This study investigates the composition, distribution and source of FAs with increasing soil depths from 17 typical alpine grassland sites in the QTP. The most abundant FAs included the ubiquitous C16 FA and even-numbered long-chain FAs(C20–C30), indicating mixed inputs from microbial and higher plant sources. Source apportionment showed that higher plants were the dominant contributor of FAs(approximately 40%) in QTP soils. The abundance of FAs decreased with soil depth, with the highest value(1.08±0.09 mg/g C) at a 0–10 cm depth and the lowest value(0.46±0.12 mg/g C) at a 50–70 cm depth, due to much lower plant inputs into the deeper horizons. The total concentration of FAs was negatively correlated to the mean annual temperature(MAT; P0.05) and soil p H(P0.01), suggesting that the preservation of FAs was favored in low-MAT and low-p H soils on the QTP. The abundance of fresh C source FAs increased significantly with the mean annual precipitation(MAP; P0.05), indicating that high MAP facilitates the accumulation of fresh FAs in QTP soils. Other environmental parameters, such as the soil mineral content(aluminum and iron oxide), microbial community composition as well as litter quality and quantity, may also exert a strong control on the preservation of FAs in QTP soils and warrant further research to better understand the mechanisms responsible for the preservation of FAs in QTP soils.  相似文献   

中国极端气温季节变化对全球变暖减缓的响应分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王岱  游庆龙  江志红  李庆祥 《冰川冻土》2016,38(1):36-46

利用经过质量控制和均一化处理的中国气象站点1979-2014年逐月最高气温和最低气温资料,对806个无缺测站的数据进行趋势分析和比较,并且计算了各季节对变暖减缓的贡献率,结果表明:中国区域极端气温(最高和最低气温)存在变暖减缓或变冷现象,而不同区域在不同季节对全球变暖减缓的响应程度不同.相比于1979-1999年,2000-2014年极端气温在全国大部分地区春、冬季有明显的变暖减缓或者变冷现象,在长江流域以北大部分地区极端气温在夏季变暖减缓或变冷现象明显,而秋季全国大部分地区最低气温有明显的增暖现象.全国许多地区春季是导致极端气温变暖减缓或变冷的最主要季节,而夏、秋、冬季则是导致部分地区变暖减缓或变冷的主要季节,此外秋季也是导致全国许多地区最低气温变暖的最主要季节.我国大部分地区2000-2014年的变暖减缓或变冷趋势可能受太平洋年代际振荡(PDO)冷位相的调控,而PDO冷位相对最低气温的影响范围更大一些.  相似文献   

Analysis of spatio-temporal features of a carbon source/sink and its relationship to climatic factors in the Inner Mongolia grassland ecosystem   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Erfu Dai  Yu Huang  Zhuo Wu  Dongsheng Zhao 《地理学报(英文版)》2016,26(3):297-312

Global climate change has become a major concern worldwide. The spatio-temporal characteristics of net ecosystem productivity (NEP), which represents carbon sequestration capacity and directly describes the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of carbon sources/sinks (C sources/sinks), are crucial for increasing C sinks and reducing C sources. In this study, field sampling data, remote sensing data, and ground meteorological observation data were used to estimate the net primary productivity (NPP) in the Inner Mongolia grassland ecosystem (IMGE) from 2001 to 2012 using a light use efficiency model. The spatio-temporal distribution of the NEP in the IMGE was then determined by estimating the NPP and soil respiration from 2001 to 2012. This research also investigated the response of the NPP and NEP to the main climatic variables at the spatial and temporal scales from 2001 to 2012. The results showed that most of the grassland area in Inner Mongolia has functioned as a C sink since 2001 and that the annual carbon sequestration rate amounts to 0.046 Pg C/a. The total net C sink of the IMGE over the 12-year research period reached 0.557 Pg C. The carbon sink area accounted for 60.28% of the total grassland area and the sequestered 0.692 Pg C, whereas the C source area accounted for 39.72% of the total grassland area and released 0.135 Pg C. The NPP and NEP of the IMGE were more significantly correlated with precipitation than with temperature, showing great potential for C sequestration.  相似文献   

Anthropogenic impacts on hyperbenthos in the coastal waters of Sishili Bay, Yellow Sea   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李宝泉  刘东艳  韩庆喜  王玉珏  董志军  陈桥 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2013,31(6):1257-1267

A survey on the hyperbenthic communities was carried out in the coastal waters of Sishili Bay in the Yellow Sea in July 2009, to investigate the impact of putative anthropogenic activities related to the presence of a sewage outfall, a harbor and an aquaculture site on the benthic ecosystem. An Agassiz net trawl was used to collect hyperbenthos at 10 sampling stations. Species, diversity, abundance, and biomass were analyzed against water sample data and historical data obtained from records from nearby Yantai City. Fifty-two species were identified in the region, of which Crustacea were the most abundant taxon, followed by Echinodermata. Dominant species included five crustaceans, two echinoderms, one mollusk and one fish species. The results of a BIOENV analysis show that the concentrations of NO3-N and Chl-a were slightly positively correlated with hyperbenthic community structure, while other factors were negatively correlated, including sediment grain size and the percentage of TN and TOC in sediment. Abundance- Biomass Comparison （ABC method） curves indicate that the hyperbenthos in Sishili Bay had been disturbed by putative sources of human activities. Eight out of 10 stations were classified as ＂moderately perturbed＂ to ＂perturbed＂.  相似文献   

河南省雨季降水时空变异特征分析     

姜丽光  姚治君  魏义长  刘兆飞  吴珊珊 《地球信息科学学报》2013,15(3):395-400

降水的时空变异分析是认识区域水资源形成与演变的重要方法。时空变异特征分析不仅可以系统地对降水的时间序列进行分析,而且能从空间上把握降水的分布格局。本文将河南省近51年雨季降水资料,结合数字高程模型(DEM),利用回归分析、空间自相关分析、空间插值模拟及交叉验证等,对河南省降水时空变异特征进行分析。结果表明:(1)河南省雨季降水整体来看呈增加趋势,近年来尤为明显;但9月份表现异常,呈下降趋势。(2)月降水量差异明显,最大降水量在7月份,平均达到178.3 mm;(3)在空间上降水呈现出明显的南多北少,东多西少的格局;有明显的集聚特点,在南部以罗山、潢川为中心形成降水丰沛聚集区,北部以辉县为中心形成降水稀少聚集区;林县、栾川和西峡表现为空间例外,明显高于相邻区域的降水量。  相似文献   

Influence of polymer binder on the physical properties and stability of engineering spoil on a slope     

CHEN Shu-yue  GU Wei  DAI Quan-yu 《山地科学学报》2013,10(1):105-115

An experiment was performed to study the influence of polymer binders on the physical properties,and stability against a simulated rainfall,of a slope consisting of engineering spoil.Results showed that low polymer binder concentrations(≤500g/m3) could enhance the air permeability and moisture-retaining capacity of the engineering spoil;however,adding more polymer binder made the hardness of the engineering spoil increase and then decline.With the increase of polymer binder concentrations,the surface(0-5cm) permeability of the engineering spoil decreased but the permeability of the lower layers(5-10cm) increased.Polymer binders might reduce runoff and sediment,but the effect becomes weaker with the increase of rainfall.The results of this study have significance for engineering practices.Further experiments are needed to study the effects of binders under other conditions,such as natural rainfall,different slopes,different rock types,different degrees and spoil weathering and different added material,and the chemical interaction between soil and polymer binders.  相似文献