基于MODIS数据的郑州市气溶胶时空变化特征分析     

李诺  刘战伟  卫林勇  林康聆  窦明 《气象与环境科学》2018,41(2):32-38

利用NASA发布的MODIS/Terra中Collection6数据集的MOD04_3K气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)产品,进行波段提取、重投影、剪裁等预处理,得到郑州市气溶胶光学厚度资料,对此进行统计分析,研究郑州市气溶胶光学厚度的时空变化特征。结果表明:1)2001-2016年郑州市AOD年均值整体以每年0.0033的速率增加,最大峰值出现在2011年(1.01),以2011年为界,2001-2011年呈显著增长趋势,2012-2016年呈显著下降趋势。AOD季节均值夏季的最大,春季的次之,冬季的最小。2)2001-2016年郑州市AOD夏季均值波动较大,春季均值与年均值趋势基本一致,AOD年均值和季均值与对应时间尺度的降水量有负相关关系。工业产值占GDP比重与AOD年均值呈正相关关系。3)2001-2016年郑州市AOD年均值空间分布呈现北高南低、东高西低的特征,高值区主要分布在新郑市、中牟县、郑州市区、荥阳市及巩义市的西北部。春、夏和秋季的AOD均值空间分布形态基本与年均值的分布一致,冬季的高值区集中在郑州市东南部(新郑市)。  相似文献   

Spillover effect offsets the conservation effort in the Amazon   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Yue Dou  Ramon Felipe Bicudo da Silva  Hongbo Yang  Jianguo Liu 《地理学报(英文版)》2018,28(11):1715-1732

Diverse conservation efforts have been expanding around the globe, even under the stress of increasing agricultural production. A striking example is the supply-chain agreements put upon the Amazon forest which had reduced deforestation by 80% from the early 2000s (27,772 km²) to 2015 (6207 km²). However, evaluation of these conservation efforts usually focused on the impacts within the Amazon biome only, while the effects that spill over to other areas (e.g., displacement of environmental pressure from one area to another) were rarely considered. Ignoring spillover effects may lead to biased or even wrong conclusions about the effectiveness of these conservation efforts because the hidden cost outside the target area of conservation may offset the achievement within it. It is thus important to assess the spillover effects of these supply-chain agreements. In this study, we used the two supply-chain agreements (i.e., Soy Moratorium and zero-deforestation beef agreement) implemented in the Amazon biome as examples and evaluated their spillover effects to the Cerrado. To achieve a holistic evaluation of the spillover effects, we adopted the telecoupling framework in our analysis. The application of the telecoupling framework includes the interactions between distant systems and extends the analytical boundaries beyond the signatory areas, which fill the gap of previous studies. Our results indicate that the supply-chain agreements have significantly reduced deforestation by half compared to projections within the sending system (i.e., Pará State in the Amazon, which exports soybeans and other agricultural products), but at the cost of increasing deforestation in the spillover system (i.e., a 6.6 time increase in Tocantins State of the Cerrado, where deforestation was affected by interactions between the Amazon and other places). Our study emphasizes that spillover effects should be considered in the evaluation and planning of conservation efforts, for which the telecoupling framework works as a useful tool to do that systematically.  相似文献   

遥感SST产品误差在海-气CO2通量计算中的传递及贡献分析     

窦文洁 《海洋与湖沼》2014,45(1):148-156

海-气界面CO2通量的估算对于碳的生物地球化学循环和全球气候变化等研究具有重要的意义,利用遥感手段是进行全球尺度海表面碳通量估算的唯一手段,但是由于不确定性的存在限制了海-气界面CO2通量遥感估算产品在决策应用上的可靠性。本文通过建立海-气界面CO2通量直接控制参量(气体交换速率k、海表面CO2溶解度S和海表面CO2分压pCO2sw)误差结构图,以通量估算的主要影响因子—海表温度（SST）为例,建立了SST在通量计算中的误差传递流程图,并采用Monte Carlo方法模拟了SST误差在通量计算中的传递规律和对最终误差的贡献。结果表明在遥感SST误差为0.5℃并为正态分布的假设下,误差在k、S计算中的传递为指数分布和近似指数分布,而在pCO2sw模型计算中为正态分布,最终在通量FCO2中的传递为指数分布;在大气CO2分压为固定值370μatm的情况下,SST对最终的通量结果带来的误差为1.2mmol?m-2?day-1左右。本文以SST为例,提供了一种通量计算中遥感参数误差传递和贡献的计算方法,可以为其他遥感获取的参量提供分析依据和参考。  相似文献   

Application of otolith shape analysis for stock discrimination and species identification of five goby species （Perciformes： Gobiidae） in the northern Chinese coastal waters   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

于鑫  曹亮  刘金虎  赵博  单秀娟  窦硕增 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2014,32(5):1060-1073

We tested the use of otolith shape analysis to discriminate between species and stocks of five goby species( Ctenotrypauchen chinensis, Odontamblyopus lacepedii, Amblychaeturichthys hexanema, Chaeturichthys stigmatias, and Acanthogobius hasta) found in northern Chinese coastal waters. The five species were well differentiated with high overall classification success using shape indices(83.7%), elliptic Fourier coefficients(98.6%), or the combination of both methods(94.9%). However, shape analysis alone was only moderately successful at discriminating among the four stocks(Liaodong Bay, LD; Bohai Bay, BH; Huanghe(Yellow) River estuary HRE, and Jiaozhou Bay, JZ stocks) of A. hasta(50%–54%) and C. stigmatias(65.7%–75.8%). For these two species, shape analysis was moderately successful at discriminating the HRE or JZ stocks from other stocks, but failed to effectively identify the LD and BH stocks. A large number of otoliths were misclassified between the HRE and JZ stocks, which are geographically well separated. The classification success for stock discrimination was higher using elliptic Fourier coefficients alone(70.2%) or in combination with shape indices(75.8%) than using only shape indices(65.7%) in C. stigmatias whereas there was little difference among the three methods for A. hasta. Our results supported the common belief that otolith shape analysis is generally more effective for interspecific identification than intraspecific discrimination. Moreover, compared with shape indices analysis, Fourier analysis improves classification success during inter- and intra-species discrimination by otolith shape analysis, although this did not necessarily always occur in all fish species.  相似文献   

深穿透地球化学勘查技术对隐伏稀有金属矿的勘查指示：以甲基卡X03号锂矿脉为例     

鲁岳鑫  张必敏  刘汉粮  迟清华  窦备  刘福田  王强  谢明君  呼延钰莹 《地质学报》2023,97(1):291-305

花岗伟晶岩型锂矿是锂资源的重要矿产类型,目前随着勘查程度的提高,发现地表出露的伟晶岩型锂矿资源的几率越来越小,下一步的勘查重点应放到找寻隐伏型锂矿资源。近年来,深穿透地球化学勘查手段在隐伏矿勘查中发挥了重要作用。其中土壤微细粒分离测量技术能有效探测深部异常信息,已在多种景观覆盖区进行了试验,并取得了显著的效果。本文以四川甲基卡X03号隐伏锂矿脉为研究对象,利用土壤微细粒分离测量技术,开展深穿透地球化学勘查技术对隐伏锂矿脉探测的试验研究,并分析了成矿及伴生元素组合特征,结果表明：Li、Be、Rb、Cs、Sn、Nb、Ta、Bi、Pb、U等元素具有较好的相关性,富集程度高,异常明显,异常峰值显著;其中,Li-Be-Bi-Cs-Rb-Pb-U元素组合与研究区X03号矿脉成矿元素组合具有良好的耦合性;利用土壤微细粒分离测量技术取得的元素高异常范围与已知隐伏矿体具有较好的对应关系,可以将上述元素作为该区域寻找锂矿的指示元素。以上结果证实了深穿透地球化学勘查技术能有效指示深部隐伏锂矿体,可以将深穿透地球化学勘查技术应用于西部高寒山区景观覆盖区地球化学找矿勘查中。  相似文献   

社区增权视角下文化遗产地治理路径优化     

陈新新  李伯华  窦银娣  谭红日  刘沛林 《热带地理》2022,42(1):100-112

以湖南省龙山县惹巴拉村寨为例,采用文本分析法与深度访谈法,基于社区增权视角,优化文化遗产地治理路径。结果发现：1）文化遗产地社区失权体现在经济失权、心理失权、社会失权及政治失权4个方面。2）文化遗产地通过权力合作、权力共有及权力激励等社区赋权方式再分配资源、权益及资本。3）权力共有路径下,强化政策透明度和社区话语权,有助于社区主体参与治理;权力合作路径下,扩充资源分配渠道、强化主体合作关系,有助于社区治理渠道扩展;权力激励路径下,规范治理主体、治理对象及监管方式,有助于社区治理政策细化。文章借助“社区增权”理论,将旅游引发的“社区失权”改进为“社区增权”,补充完善文化遗产地治理研究,可为其他少数民族文化遗产地的治理提供参考。  相似文献   

南极内陆科研观测舱体内部保障与控制系统的应用与研究     

李聪克  李丙瑞  王焘  陈燕  窦银科  姚旭  王煜尘 《极地研究》2022,34(2):198-209

  相似文献   

One hundred-year sedimentary record of heavy metal accumulation in the southeastern Liaodong Bay of China   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

Jingtao Zhao  Bangqi Hu  Jun Li  John Yang  Fenglong Bai  Yanguang Dou  Xuebo Yin 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2014,71(3):1073-1082

Integrated analyses of grain size, ²¹⁰Pb stable isotope, and heavy metals were performed to characterize the sedimentary core LDC30 collected from the southeastern Liaodong Bay of China and investigate the 100-year history of heavy metal accumulation. The aluminum-normalized enrichment factors and the excess metal fluxes (MF_xs) indicated that the metal accumulation in the southeastern Liaodong Bay occurred in three stages: a pre-industrial stage (prior to 1960s) with natural accumulation, an initial industrial stage (1960–1990) with slowly elevated accumulation, and an industrialized stage (post-1990s) with accelerated accumulation. A moderate enrichment of Cd and Pb (up to 4.1- and 2.6-fold over the baseline, respectively) and a slight enrichment of Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn (up to 1.3-fold) were measured in the recent sediments. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn were from the natural origin, whereas Cd and Pb from the anthropogenic origin. The MF_xs of Cd and Pb showed a drastically increasing trend since 1990s, which could result from the intensive application of fertilizers and combustion of fossil fuels.  相似文献   

Rock burst assessment in multi-seam mining: a case study     

Wei Shen  Lin-ming Dou  Hu He  Guang-an Zhu 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(8):196

To assess rock burst prone zones in the lower seam during multi-seam mining, a rock burst hazard assessment method for use in multi-seam mining was established. According to the observed geological evolution, the feasibility of using upper layer coal mining data to determine the rock burst risk zone of the lower coal seam is explained. Then, we established the energy density risk index (EDRI) and proved that the EDRI more accurately reflected the potential rock burst region than the multi-factor coupling analysis method. Finally, we established the rock burst hazard assessment method for use in multi-seam mining by using the EDRI of the upper coal to divide the rock burst risk zone in the lower coal. From the accuracy and validity analysis of this assessment method, we find that the critical energy induced rock burst, and the damage area of a rock burst in the lower coal seam were all located in the high-risk zone derived from this assessment method. To quantify the effectiveness and practicability of this assessment method, the structural similarity (SSIM) index, from image quality assessment research, was introduced. The SSIM index between predicted-high-risk map and actual high-risk map index was 0.8581, which shows that the established rock burst hazard assessment method in multi-seam mining can be used to predict rock burst risk zones in the lower seam.  相似文献   

关于无线遥测传输设备的改进          下载免费PDF全文

豆耀华 《地震工程学报》1995,17(2):87-88

关于无线遥测传输设备的改进１前言单路无线遥测地震传输设备，即７８－１１机（４７ｍＨｚ）经过多年的运行，部分机元器件老化，可靠性逐年下降，尤其在接收中心随着改革开放的潮流各种民用固定和移动电台数量剧增，使接收中心的干扰场强发生了很大的变化。为了提高接收...  相似文献