碳中和目标下关键矿产在清洁能源转型中的作用、供需分析及其建议          下载免费PDF全文

王欢  马冰  贾凌霄  于洋  胡嘉修  王为 《中国地质》2021,48(6):1720-1733

在"碳中和"目标的驱动下，全球能源系统向清洁化、低碳化甚至无碳化发展已是大势所趋。针对向清洁能源转型的需求，采用了统计对比、分类汇总、综合分析等方法，分析研究了关键矿产在电池、电网、低碳发电和氢能等行业中的作用和需求。结合当前关键矿产产量的地理集中度高、项目开发周期长、资源质量下降等矿产供应和投资计划不能满足清洁能源转型的需求等问题，提出确保关键矿产多样性供应，推动价值链各环节的技术创新，扩大回收利用，增强供应链弹性和市场透明度，将更高的环境、社会和治理标准纳入主流程及加强生产者和消费者之间的国际合作等建议。  相似文献   

钻孔灌注桩施工对邻近运营隧道变形影响研究     

周志良  仇欢  黄晓东  杜平  杨平  吕伟华 《岩土工程技术》2021,(1)

桩基施工将引起周边地层位移和邻近隧道结构变形,以南京龙津桥改建项目桩基工程为背景,通过现场实测,分析研究钻孔灌注桩施工全过程各工况条件对地层位移场和邻近既有隧道结构变形的影响规律。结果表明:由于钢套管的护壁作用,钻孔灌注桩施工过程中产生的最大地层位移和隧道结构变形较小,说明采用“钢套管边旋压边取土”、“群桩间跳施工”等工艺,对周围土体扰动影响程度较小,建议近隧桩基工程采用全套管灌注桩的施工方法,监测分析结果可为类似工程提供技术参考。  相似文献   

Sedimentary Features of Shallow Ancient River Channels on the Northern Shelf of the South China Sea   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Kou Yangqi  Du Deli nd Marine Geological Investigation Party  MGMR  Guangzhou  Guangdong Jiang M inxi 《《地质学报》英文版》1995,69(1)

Quaternary buried ancient river channels are widespread in the shallow-level sediments of the northern shelf of the South China Sea. The sedimentary sequence mainly of fluvial deposits comprise an important component part of the low-stand system tract and transgressive system tract in the study region. The plannar variation and spatial association of the sedimentary features such as incised valley fillings, deltaic foreset wedges and block slides of shelf-marginal fans reflect the palaeogeographic environment during the fall of the regional sea level in the northern part of the South China Sea. Based on the high-resolution seismic reflection data and gelogical data from boreholes, the present paper makes an integrated interpretation of the Quaternary ancient river channels in the shallow sediments of the study area, studies the sedimentary features of the ancient channels such as their spatial distribution, seismic facies reflection indicators, sedimentary facies and sand -body types, and discusses thei  相似文献   

On the determination of the European gravimetric geoid     

Drahomír Dušátko 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1992,36(4):392-393

Summary The method of the automated computation of the gravimetric deflections of the vertical and of the geoidal heights for the European region is described. The work was carried out during the period 1986–1988 by the Topographic Service of the Czechoslovak Army. The computation applies to 20 sheets of the international map 1:1 000 000 (total area of =16^c, =30^c - see Fig. 1). The mean values of the free-air anomalies for each surface element =5, =7.5, approximately 9 × 9 km, were used with radius of integration of 300 km.  相似文献   

冀西北长城纪宣龙式铁矿层中微体植物化石的发现及其意义   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

杜汝霖  刘志礼 《地质论评》1992,38(2):184-189

本文研究的是笔者等在冀西北长城系串岭沟组宣龙式铁矿层中发现的微体植物化石,这些化石都保存在铁质叠层石(肾状赤铁矿)和铁质核形石(鲕状赤铁矿)的基本层中。微化石以丝状体为主,部分为球状体。归属于原核生物蓝藻门颤藻科的两个属和色球藻科的一个属。化石层同位素年龄约在1800—1757Ma。这些化石与北美冈弗林特组微化石比较,既有些相似,又有些区别。该化石的发现为研究铁矿的成因,指示沉积环境及层位对比都很有意义。  相似文献   

毫秒时间尺度太阳微波辐射新特征     

金声震  李小聪  王淑兰  姬慧荣  阎元宜  赵冰 《中国天文和天体物理学报》1991,(4)

自1990年6月北京天文台太阳射电偏振仪投入实测以来,观测到一百多个“Spike”和短时标精细结构微波幅射,其中包括一些新的微波幅射特征。本文给出了主要的四点特征:(1)窄带辐射;(2)快速偏振逆转;(3)快速频率漂移;(4)不同时标的准周期振荡。  相似文献   

处理水环境中微量铬的菌种筛选研究     

敖勇  黄兵 《云南地理环境研究》2006,18(3):49-52

从云南各地采集微生物菌种进行筛选、驯化,找到一株对水环境中的微量铬具有良好吸附去除能力的菌种,并研究了碳源、氮源、培养液pH值和培养温度等因素对其去除铬的影响.试验结果表明,去除水环境中微量铬的适宜菌种的培养条件为以可溶性淀粉为碳源、（NH4）2SO4为氮源、培养温度25℃、培养液pH 8,培养液中碳：氮=10：1,利用该条件培养的菌种对水环境中微量铬具有较好的去除能力.  相似文献   

U-Pb, Hf and O isotope evidence for two episodes of fluid-assisted zircon growth in marble-hosted eclogites from the Dabie orogen   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

Yuan-Bao Wu  Yong-Fei Zheng  Zi-Fu Zhao  Bing Gong  Fu-Yuan Wu 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》2006,70(14):3743-3761

A combined study of internal structure, U-Pb age, and Hf and O isotopes was carried out for metamorphic zircons from ultrahigh-pressure eclogite boudins enclosed in marbles from the Dabie orogen in China. CL imaging identifies two types of zircon that are metamorphically new growth and recrystallized domain, respectively. The metamorphic zircons have low Th and U contents with low Th/U ratios, yielding two groups of ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U age at 245 ± 3 to 240 ± 2 Ma and 226 ± 4 to 223 ± 2 Ma, respectively. Anomalously high δ¹⁸O values were obtained for refractory minerals, with 9.9 to 21.4‰ for garnet and 16.9‰ for zircon. This indicates that eclogite protolith is sedimentary rocks capable of liberating aqueous fluid for zircon growth during continental subduction-zone metamorphism. Most of the zircons are characterized by very low ¹⁷⁶Lu/¹⁷⁷Hf ratios of 0.000001-0.000028, indicating their growth in association with garnet recrystallization. A few of them falling within the older age group have comparatively high ¹⁷⁶Lu/¹⁷⁷Hf ratios of 0.000192-0.000383, suggesting their growth prior to the formation of garnet in the late stage of subduction. The variations in the Lu/Hf ratios for zircons can thus be used to correlate with garnet growth during eclogite-facies metamorphism. In either case, the zircons have variable ε_Hf (t) values for individual samples, suggesting that their protolith is heterogeneous in Hf isotope composition with localized fluid availability in the bulk processes of orogenic cycle. Nevertheless, a positive correlation exists between ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U ages and Lu-Hf isotope ratios for the metamorphically recrystallized zircons, suggesting that eclogite-facies metamorphism in the presence of fluid has the identical effect on zircon Lu-Hf and U-Th-Pb isotopic systems. We conclude that the zircons of the older group grew in the presence of fluid during the subduction prior to the onset of peak ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism, whereas the younger zircons grew in the presence of fluid released during the initial exhumation toward high-pressure eclogite-facies regime.  相似文献   

Postcollisional flow of aqueous fluid within ultrahigh-pressure eclogite in the Dabie orogen   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Tian-Shan Gao  Song-Shan Wang  Bing Gong  Yuan-Bao Wu  Yong-Fei Zheng   《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》2006,89(1-3):115

A combined study of chronometric dating and oxygen isotope analysis for minerals from vein and host eclogite as well as regional country-rock gneiss in the Dabie orogen provides a direct constraint on timing of fluid flow in this orogen formed by continental collision. Oxygen isotope ratios of vein minerals are significantly lower than those of the host eclogite, but comparable with those of the regional gneiss. This suggests the veining fluid came from the regional gneiss (i.e. exhumed slab itself) rather than the host eclogite. While zircon U–Pb and phengite Ar–Ar dating yields ages of 214 to 222 Ma for the eclogite and gneiss, the vein gives a quartz–muscovite Rb–Sr isochron age of 181 Ma and a muscovite K–Ar age of 179 Ma. Thus the veining postdates the Triassic ultrahigh pressure metamorphic event, witnessing postcollisional fluid flow after the orogenic cycle of continental collision.  相似文献   

华南地区晚二叠和晚三叠世煤中稀土元素特征研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

杜美霞  庄新国 《中国煤田地质》2006,18(2):22-26

在华南地区贵州六盘水、江西乐平、露庆和湖北黄石矿区晚二叠和晚三叠世煤层的稀土元素ICP—MS分析数据的基础上，系统研究了研究区煤中稀土元素的含萤分布特征、赋存特征、配分模式以及地质控制因素。含量分布表明晚二叠世稀土元素含量总体高于晚三叠世；煤中稀土元素与灰分成正相关关系，部分煤样品由于有富稀土元素的重矿物组合的存在而出现稀土元素的异常高值；同一矿区、同一时代煤中稀土元素的配分模式具有一定的相似性，而不同地区同一时代和同一地区不同时代煤中稀土元素的配分模式具有较大差异；煤的沉积环境，煤中无机矿物组成以及海水的影响是控制煤中稀土元素含量和配分模式的主要地质因素。  相似文献