福建漳江口湿地人类活动状况调查   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

谭芳林  黄丽  潘辉  乐通朝  吴秋城 《湿地科学》2006,4(3):198-203

福建漳江口红树林国家级自然保护区湿地是周边居民进行生产活动的重要场所,为当地居民提供了丰富的海产品资源。同时,当地居民在湿地上从事的各种生产活动对湿地的理化性质及生物多样性产生了重要的影响。为了了解保护区湿地上人类活动规律,运用走访调查和定时、定点调查的方法,对湿地上人类活动规律进行了调查。结果显示:保护区内湿地上的人类活动可以划分为红树林下捡拾海产品活动类型、夫妻船讨小海活动类型、公有河道捡拾海产品活动类型和滩涂养殖活动类型4种。其中第4种类型在1 a周期中又可以划分为除草、整地、施药消毒、再整地和养殖收获5个阶段。夫妻船讨小海人类活动的人数最多时为80人/d,最少时为16人/d,平均为50.4人/d;密度最大为7.5人/km2,最小为1.5人/km2,平均为4.8人/km2。公有河道捡拾海产品活动的人数最多时为62人/d,一般情况下较少,从几人到几十人不等,2005年12月中旬至2006年的4月初,该类活动基本停止,之后呈逐渐增加趋势。滩涂养殖的再整地阶段,人类活动的人数约为70人/d,密度为10人/km2;2005年10月下旬以后的蛏(Sinonovacula constricta)苗养殖阶段,人类活动的人数约为60人/d,平均密度约为10人/km2;整个11月份期间,与养殖有关的人类活动基本停止,养殖户在自家承包的滩涂上进行一些捡拾海产品的活动,但人数较少,最多时为55人/d,一般为10多人/d,密度为10~20人/km2;进入12月份后的收获季节,人类在滩涂上活动的人数及其密度急剧增加,为100多人/d到500多人/d不等,平均密度为44人/km2。在收获季节,人类活动的人数及其密度与有无商人收购蛏产品以及蛏的生长情况有关。总的来看,保护区湿地上人类活动可划分为3个阶段:第1阶段从2005年10月中旬至11月底;第2阶段始于12月初,止于2006年1月底;第3阶段为2006年2月初至4月底。第1阶段人类活动的人数平均为128人/d,平均密度为7.4人/km2;第2阶段分别为208人/d和12.0人/km2;第3阶段分别为358人/d和20.7人/km2。依据本次调查结果,建议采取如下对策:第一,适当限制夫妻船讨小海及公有河道捡拾海产品的船只数量,使其尽量保持在现有水平;第二,研究和探讨滩涂养殖过程中农药消毒的替代方法,尽量不用或少用农药;第三,保护区应特别加强滩涂养殖及收获阶段人类活动的管理,建议保护区尽可能地引导养殖户采取分片收获的方式来减少同一时段内滩涂上人类活动的人数及其密度。  相似文献   

Reply to Comment by Kerr and Arndt     

LE BAS  M. J. 《Journal of Petrology》2001,42(11):2173-2174

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Petrogenesis of Group I Kimberlites from Kimberley, South Africa: Evidence from Bulk-rock Geochemistry   总被引：8，自引：6，他引：8  

LE ROEX  ANTON P.; BELL  DAVID R.; DAVIS  PETER 《Journal of Petrology》2003,44(12):2261-2286

Fresh samples of hypabyssal kimberlite from the five major kimberlitepipes in the Kimberley area of South Africa have been analysedfor their bulk-rock major and trace element geochemistry. Thegeochemical data allow identification of the influence of crustalcontamination in certain samples, best illustrated in termsof elevated SiO₂, Al₂O₃, Pb and heavy rare earth element (HREE)contents. Samples devoid of such crustal contamination showcoherent major and fluid-immobile trace element variations,whereas fluid-mobile trace elements are scattered. Kimberlitesrich in macrocrysts are shown to reflect substantial (up to35%) entrainment of mantle peridotite, with Ni–SiO₂ andSc–SiO₂ variations defining mixing trajectories towardsgarnet lherzolite. The likely primary magma(s) parental to theKimberley kimberlites is suggested to have a composition of26–27 wt % MgO, 26–27 wt % SiO₂,  相似文献   

贝尔凹陷苏德尔特构造带的形成与演化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

谢昭涵  鲜地  罗静爽  杨宝泉  乐靖  王少波 《中国地质》2016,(4):1266-1279

苏德尔特构造带是海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷的重要油气聚集带之一。使用平衡剖面技术和基于斜向剪切模型的人字形桁架法对苏德尔特构造带及其两侧的贝西断陷和贝中断陷进行了详细的构造几何学和运动学解析,认为在南屯期近SN向伸展,形成近EW向断陷盆地群之后,又叠加了大磨拐河组早期的短时间NW向伸展,以及此后的坳陷沉降,才形成了苏德尔特构造带特殊的构造样式。贝中断陷的东侧边界断层是整个贝尔凹陷在大磨拐河组早期伸展的主干边界断层,并且断层面具有坡坪式特征。苏德尔特构造带是发育于第一阶断坪上部的"滚动背斜",是重力和边界断层几何形态共同控制的结果,形成机制属于重力影响下的横弯褶皱作用,而非侧向挤压引起的纵弯褶皱作用。  相似文献   

The Four Plutonic Belts of the Transhimalaya-Himalaya: a Chemical, Mineralogical, Isotopic, and Chronological Synthesis along a Tibet-Nepal Section   总被引：31，自引：0，他引：31  

DEBON  FRANCOIS; FORT  PATRICK LE; SHEPPARD  SIMON M. F.; SONET  JACQUES 《Journal of Petrology》1986,27(1):219-250

The geochemistry (major, trace element, O- and Sr-isotope ratios)and petrology of the Transhimalaya, North Himalaya, High Himalayaand ‘Lesser Himalaya’ plutonic belts are comparedbased on the analyses of up to 492 samples. The composite Transhimalaya batholith is subalkaline or monzoniticin character rather than calc-alkaline. Its genesis was probablyclosely related to subduction processes associated with strike-slipmovement. It was emplaced on both sides of the boundary betweenan earlier metavolcanic arc and a continental margin. Two principalperiods of magmatic activity occurred: Upper Cretaceous and,particularly in this region, Eocene at the time of the India-Eurasiacollision when sediments may have become involved in the subductionprocess. Magmatic differentiation, characterized by two superimposedstages of evolution, and hybridization processes, involvingboth basic and acidic magmas, can account for the genesis ofthe different plutonic units. Although a continental contributionis implied, the isotopic data (6.8 < ¹⁸O < 9?2; 0?704< ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr, < 0?707) preclude a significant contributionfrom either old crust or surface derived sediments. The North, High and ‘Lesser’ Himalaya plutonic beltsare fundamentally different and correspond to aluminous associationsof two groups of ages (Lower Palaeozoic for the ‘LesserHimalaya’ and part of the North Himalaya; Upper Cenozoicfor the High Himalaya and part of the North Himalaya). Theyare all high-¹⁸O (9 < ¹⁸O < 14) granites and adamelliteswith high initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr, ratios (0?709 to < 0?740). TheLower Palaeozoic group was generated within the Gondwana continentalcrust, independent of any true orogenesis, with a probable butlimited contribution from the mantle. High Himalaya and NorthHimalaya Cenozoic plutons are directly linked to the activityof the Main Central Thrust. They were derived by similar anatecticprocesses of the same continental source rocks. The small butdistinct chemical and mineralogical differences among the plutonsare related to the increase in the intensity of anatexis ongoing towards the north and the east.  相似文献   

The Chemical Variability of some Common Igneous Rocks   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  

LE MAITRE  R. W. 《Journal of Petrology》1976,17(4):589-598

The chemical variability of 39 groups of igneous rocks has beeninvestigated using a data base of 26,373 published analyses.Each group was extracted from the data base using the name givenin the reference from which the analysis was collected. Thenumerical data for each group includes wt. per cent and molecularper cent means, standard deviations, C.I.P.W. norms, Nigglivalues, the first three eigenvalues and eigenvectors togetherwith a breakdown of the geographical distribution of the analysesused. Nine variation diagrams are also given for each group.  相似文献   

Tristan da Cunha, South Atlantic: Geochemistry and Petrogenesis of a Basanite-Phonolite Lava Series   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

LE ROEX  ANTON P.; CLIFF  R. A.; ADAIR  B. J. I. 《Journal of Petrology》1990,31(4):779-812

The island of Tristan da Cunha, located at 37?S, 12?W in theSouth Atlantic, is the largest of a group of three islands,the others being Nightingale and Inaccessible. Tristan da Cunhacomprises a continuous series of alkaline lavas ranging in compositionfrom ankaramitic basanite through phonotephnte and tephnphonoliteto phonolite. Moderately porphyritic basanite is the dominantrock type ({small tilde}on the island. Major and trace element variations in the lavas describe well-definedtrends with increasing differentiation which are generally consistentwith control by fractional crystallization of phenocryst phases.None of the lavas can be considered to be primary in composition,mg-numbers range from 40 to 62, and covariation of certain minorand trace elements (e.g., Sr, Ba, P) suggests the presence ofat least two distinct fractionation trends. Sr, Nd, and Pb isotopicanalyses of a subset of the lavas confirm previously publisheddata for the island, but show a slightly greater range: ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr= 0{dot}70495–0{dot}70517; ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd = 0{dot}51259–0{dot}51247;²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb = 18{dot}47–18-{dot}74. Quantitative modelling of the compositional variations suggeststhat the ankaramitic basanites are partial olivine + clinopyroxene+ titanomagnetite (?minor plagioclase) cumulates, with {smalltilde}40% crystal accumulation being required to account forthe most porphyritic varieties. The range in composition frombasanite to phonotephrite can be accounted for by up to 50%fractional crystallization of clinopyroxene, olivine, titanomagnetite,and plagioclase, with minor apatite and, in some models, amphibole.Average proportions of these phases in the fractionate are Cpx40, TiMgt 20, Plag 30, Oliv 10. As much as 20% amphibole fractionationis required in models involving the phonotephrites. The compositionsof the evolved tephriphonolites and phonolites are consistentwith extensive (up to 80%) fractional crystallization of aninitial basanitic magma with clinopyroxenc (1–4%), amphibole(17–23%), plagioclase (6–20%) alkali feldspar (0–13%),and titanomagnetite (4–6%)?minor apatite and sphene beingthe dominant fractionating phases. Inferred trace element and isotopic characteristics of the sourceregions of the Tristan lavas are distinct from those givingrise to the Walvis Ridge, Gough Island, or Discovery Seamountbasalts. Normalized trace element abundances of the Tristanlavas are more similar to those of Marion Island, whereas Sr-,Nd-, dnd Pb-isotopic ratios are most similar to nearby InaccessibleIsland lavas. If Tristan da Cunha is the present-day surfaceexpression of the upwelling mantle plume that previously gaverise to the Walvis Ridge, then the source material tapped bythe lavas is distinctly heterogeneous (or has changed with time)within the limits imposed by maintaining the general characteristicsof DUPAL-type mantle.  相似文献   

珠江流域前汛期降水和旱涝的影响因子与预测方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

乐群  马开玉  林振山 《热带气象学报》2000,16(3):232-239

利用统计学方法分析了珠江流域前汛期（４～６月）降水和旱涝的影响因子,在此基础上建立了相应的预测方法。  相似文献   

Molar-tooth Carbonate Sequences and Sr Isotopes in the Neoproterozoic for Stratigraphic Correlation： Research in the JUin-Liaoning-Xuzhou-Huaiyang Area of the Sino-Korean Plate and Its Correlation with the Yangtze Plate     

MENGXianghua GEMing LIUYanxue KUANGHongwei LIUWeifu FrancoiseG.BOURROUILH-LEJAN RobertBOURROUILH 《《地质学报》英文版》2004,78(3):775-783

Based on a study of Neoproterozoic carbonates in the Jilin-Liaoning-Xuzhou-Huaiyang area, especially its cyclic sequence stratigraphy and Sr isotopes, two maximum sea flooding events (at 820 Ma and 835 Ma) have been identified. The resulting isochronous stratigraphic correlation proves that these Precambrian strata were connected between the Qingbaikou and the Nanhuan systems with a time range from 750 Ma to 850 Ma. The disappearance of microsparite carbonate and coming of a glacial stage offer important evidence for worldwide stratigraphic correlation and open a window for further correlation of the stratigraphic successions across the Sino-Korean and Yangtze Plates. A new correlation scheme is therefore provided based on our work.  相似文献   

劈理现象的观察与讨论          下载免费PDF全文

马宗晉  吳学益  锺嘉猷  李祥貞 《地质科学》1965,6(4):353-361

劈理现象的研究从D.沙尔普开始,已有百余年的历史。关于劈理形象的描述、分类与成因方面的一些基本看法,在本世纪初期及更早一些时候就提出来了(Sorby H. C. 1856; Becker G. 1904; LeithC. K. 1905; Becke F. 1913)。以后,仍有不少构造地质工作者继续不断地进行劈理的研究,提出一些补充资料和分类与成因的看法(如Sander B. 1930; Closs E. 1947; Hoeppener R. 1955; de Sitter L.U. 1956; Knill J. K. 1960; Gonzalez-Bonorino F. 1960; Turner F. J. & Weiss L. E. 1963)。  相似文献