Response of water column to strong wind forcing,southern Brazilian inner shelf: Implications for sand ridge formation     

Alberto G Figueiredo 《Marine Geology》1980,35(4):367-376

The result of two sequential oceanographic stations of 36 hours each in the area of sand ridges are presented. One station was located in the trough between two sand ridges and the other was at the crest of a sand ridge. At these stations salinity and temperature of the sea water, currents, winds, waves, and barometric pressure were measured each hour.During the observations, a cold front passed; this generated westerly winds that grew in speed from 24 to 52 km h^?1. The average height of the wind generated waves grew from 1.0 to 1.5 m and their periods increased from 7 to 10 s, and the speed of the northeast directed surface current increased from 40 to 82 cm s^?1. A bottom current (also directed northeast) increased from 26 to 34 cm s^?1.After the cold front had passed, the wind backed to the southeast and decreased in speed from 26 to zero km h^?1. The surface current in a northwest direction decreased from 29 to 8 cm s^?1. A bottom current (also directed northwest) decreased from 22 to 3 cm s^?1. Later, swells from the southeast appeared and their periods increased from 5 to 9 s and their heights grew from 1.0 to 1.5 m. After 3 hours, the speeds of the surface and bottom currents increased from 8 to 72 cm s^?1 and 3 to 62 cm s^?1 respectively.This cold front induced strong winds and storm-wave currents able to erode sediments (assuming a threshold velocity of 20 cm s^?1) and transport them in a north-northeast direction.The origin and the maintenance of these sand ridges is thought to be a function of sediments eroded from troughs and piled up at ridge crests during a storm condition. Some eroded sediments are transported north of Verga lighthouse where they are deposited on a smooth bottom.  相似文献   

Diel feeding, daily food consumption and the predatory impact of whitemouth croaker (Micropogonias furnieri) in an estuarine environment     

Gisela Mandali de  Figueiredo & João Paes Vieira 《Marine Ecology》2005,26(2):130-139

Diel feeding pattern and food consumption of whitemouth croaker (Micropogonias furnieri) were examined and related to seasonal variations in an estuarine environment. To determine diel feeding pattern whitemouth croaker were collected from the Patos Lagoon Estuary over 24 h (～3‐h intervals) and their stomach contents were examined. Food consumption of whitemouth croaker was determined from evacuation rates estimated experimentally and in the field. The results suggested that whitemouth croaker in the Patos Lagoon estuary feed all day long. However, whitemouth croaker showed higher feeding intensity and food consumption during daylight hours when the water transparency increased than in others when water transparency was low. Thus, whitemouth croaker seemed to intensify their feeding when they could see their prey. Daily food consumption was between 0.9 and 5.3% of body wet weight (these being the lowest and highest consumption rates during the winter and summer, respectively). The maximum predation impact of whitemouth croaker on their preferential prey, the tanaid Kalliapseudes schubartii, was 27indiv·m^?2·day^?1. The results suggested that the changes in water transparency seem to affect the diel feeding pattern and food consumption of whitemouth croaker. This could have important consequences for fish growth.  相似文献   

Thresholds for gully initiation and sedimentation in Mediterranean Europe     

L. Vandekerckhove  J. Poesen    D. Oostwoud Wijdenes  J. Nachtergaele  C. Kosmas  M.J. Roxo  T. de Figueiredo 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2000,25(11):1201-1220

In Mediterranean areas the dynamics of gully development act as an important indicator of desertification. However, little is known about the influence of climate and land‐use changes, and almost no field data exist to assess the sensitivity of a landscape to gully erosion. Two important components of gully erosion studies are the prediction of where gullies begin and where they end. To address some of these issues, topographical thresholds for gully initiation and sedimentation in six different Mediterranean study areas were established. Field measurements of local soil surface slope (S) and drainage‐basin area (A) at the point of initiation of ephemeral gullies in intensively cultivated fields (five datasets) and permanent gullies in rangelands (three datasets) were carried out. A negative power relationship of the form S = aA^−b was fitted through all datasets, and defined as the mean topographical threshold for gullying in the respective area. Topographically controlled slopes of sedimentation at the gully bottom were also measured. Compared to theoretical relationships for channel initiation by overland flow, relatively low values for b are obtained, suggesting a dominance of overland flow and an influence of subsurface flow. The influence of landsliding at steeper slopes appeared from the flattening of the overall negative trend in the higher slope range (S > 0·30) of the integrated dataset. Comparing the threshold lines of our datasets to the average trend lines through data found in literature revealed that vegetation type and cover could better explain differences in topographical thresholds level than climatic conditions. In cultivated fields, soil structure and moisture conditions, as determined by the rainfall distribution, are critical factors influencing topographical thresholds rather than daily rainfall amounts of the gully‐initiating events. In rangelands, vegetation cover at the time of incision appears to be the most important factor differentiating between topographical thresholds, overruling the effect of average annual rainfall amounts. Soil texture and rock fragment cover contributed little to the explanation of the relative threshold levels. Differences in regression slopes (b) between the S–A relationships found in this study have been attributed to the soil characteristics in the different study areas, determining the relative importance of subsurface flow and Hortonian overland flow. Sedimentation slopes where both ephemeral and permanent gullies end were generally high because of the high rock fragment content of the transported sediment. A positive relationship was found between the rock fragment content at the apex of the sedimentation fan and the slope of the soil surface at this location. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Greenhouse gas emission associated with sugar production in southern Brazil     

Eduardo Barretto de Figueiredo  Alan Rodrigo Panosso  Rangel Romão  Newton La ScalaJr 《Carbon balance and management》2010,5(1):3

Background  

Since sugarcane areas have increased rapidly in Brazil, the contribution of the sugarcane production, and, especially, of the sugarcane harvest system to the greenhouse gas emissions of the country is an issue of national concern. Here we analyze some data characterizing various activities of two sugarcane mills during the harvest period of 2006-2007 and quantify the carbon footprint of sugar production.  相似文献   

Estimation of the seismic wavelet through homomorphic deconvolution and well log data: application on well-to-seismic tie procedure     

Isadora A.S. de Macedo  Jose Jadsom S. de Figueiredo  Matias C. de Sousa  Murillo J.S. Nascimento 《Geophysical Prospecting》2020,68(4):1328-1340

Wavelet estimation and well-tie procedures are important tasks in seismic processing and interpretation. Deconvolutional statistical methods to estimate the proper wavelet, in general, are based on the assumptions of the classical convolutional model, which implies a random process reflectivity and a minimum-phase wavelet. The homomorphic deconvolution, however, does not take these premises into account. In this work, we propose an approach to estimate the seismic wavelet using the advantages of the homomorphic deconvolution and the deterministic estimation of the wavelet, which uses both seismic and well log data. The feasibility of this approach is verified on well-to-seismic tie from a real data set from Viking Graben Field, North Sea, Norway. The results show that the wavelet estimated through this methodology produced a higher quality well tie when compared to methods of estimation of the wavelet that consider the classical assumptions of the convolutional model.  相似文献   

The structure of the benthic macrofaunal assemblages and sediments characteristics of the Paraguaçu estuarine system, NE, Brazil     

Francisco Barros  Vanessa Hatje  Maria Betnia Figueiredo  Wagner Ferreira Magalhes  Haroldo Silveira Drea  Elissandro Soares Emídio 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2008,78(4):753-762

The structure of the benthic macrofaunal assemblages of the estuarine portion of Paraguaçu River, NE, Brazil, and its relationship with surface sediment characteristics (trace metals, PAHs, nutrients and grain size) and physical variables were investigated at ten stations on two contrasting occasions, summer (dry season) and winter (rainy season). A total of 1258 individuals (632 in winter and 626 in summer) and 62 taxa representing polychaetes, crustaceans, bivalves, echinoderms, bryozoans, sponges, cnidarians and cephalochordates were collected. Benthic assemblages in the upper estuary were unlike those in the lower estuary and a clear substitution of benthic taxa along the estuary was observed. Macrofaunal invertebrates in the low salinity region, composed of coarse sediments, were dominated by tellinids, venerids (bivalves), cirolanids (isopods), cyclopoids (copepods), and nereidids (polychaetes). While the high salinity region, composed of fine sediments, were dominated by nuculids (bivalves), cirratulids (polychaetes), and by amphiurids (ophiuroids). The Paraguaçu estuarine system is not severely affected by anthropogenic activities. In the great majority of the study sites, concentrations of trace metals and PAHs in the sediments were near background values. Nutrients values were also low. We formulated new models of taxon distribution and suggested detailed studies on the effects of salinity variation and studies using functional approaches to better understand the processes causing the spatial patterns in tropical estuarine benthic assemblages.  相似文献   

2p X-ray absorption of titanium in minerals     

F. M. F. de Groot  M. O. Figueiredo  M. J. Basto  M. Abbate  H. Petersen  J. C. Fuggle 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》1992,19(3):140-147

Ti 2p X-ray absorption spectra for a series of minerals have been measured. Crystal field multiplet calculations can explain the spectral shape. The asymmetry of the e _g , peak is shown to be related to distortions of the Ti ^IV octahedron. It is found, theoretically as well as experimentally, that the absorption spectra are more sensitive to tetragonal distortions than to trigonal distortions. A number of silicate minerals and metamict minerals containing titanium are measured and Ti ^III has not been observed in any of these minerals. A comparison is made to the 1s X-ray absorption, and the potential of both for the study of minerals is discussed.  相似文献   

Mechanisms of retrograde changes in oxide minerals from the Proterozoic Serrote da Laje deposit,northeastern Brazil     

Ö. Amcoff  B. R. Figueiredo 《Mineralium Deposita》1990,25(4):313-322

Retrograde textural and chemical changes in oxide minerals from the Proterozoic Serrote da Laje deposit, northeastern Brazil, have been investigated. The deposit is situated in a mafic-ultramafic layered sill. Oxidation and cooling leading to successively decreasing diffusion rates resulted in disequilibrium on the microscale. Pleonaste in particular shows a rapid change in composition between (a) coarse grains in a granoblastic magnetite host, indicating metamorphic peak conditions, (b) coarse lamellae in magnetite, indicating commencement of exsolution, and (c) composite pleonaste — ilmenite lamellae in magnetite, which indicate oxidation exsolution. Barren rock layers cooled under more oxidized conditions compared with oxide-rich layers. Formation of pleonaste- and ilmenite lamellae in magnetite and ilmenite — hematite relations are discussed.  相似文献   

Hydrofracturing in situ stress measurements of itabirite in the Brazilian Ferriferous Quadrangle and their limitations     

de Andrade Penido  Henrique  de Figueiredo  Rodrigo Peluci  de Assis  André Pacheco  Torres  Vidal Félix Navarro  Sotomayor  Juan Manuel Girao  Guimarães  Alessandro 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2022,40(3):1619-1627

Geotechnical and Geological Engineering - This article presents a first attempt to carry out in situ stress measurements (magnitudes and orientations) of the itabirite in the Brazilian Ferriferous...  相似文献   

Neoproterozoic glacial dynamics revealed by provenance of diamictites of the Bebedouro Formation, São Francisco Craton, Central Eastern Brazil     

Felipe Torres Figueiredo  Renato Paes de Almeida  Eric Tohver  Marly Babinski  Dunyi Liu  Christopher Mark Fanning 《地学学报》2009,21(5):375-385

One of the main questions on Neoproterozoic geology regards the extent and dynamics of the glacial systems that are recorded in all continents. We present evidence for short transport distances and localized sediment sources for the Bebedouro Formation, which records Neoproterozoic glaciomarine sedimentation in the central-eastern São Francisco Craton (SFC), Brazil. New data are presented on clast composition, based on point counting in thin section and SHRIMP dating of pebbles and detrital zircon. Cluster analysis of clast compositional data revealed a pronounced spatial variability of clast composition on diamictite indicating the presence of individual glaciers or ice streams feeding the basin. Detrital zircon ages reveal distinct populations of Archean and Palaeoproterozoic age. The youngest detrital zircon dated at 874 ± 9 Ma constrains the maximum depositional age of these diamictites. We interpret the provenance of the glacial diamictites to be restricted to sources inside the SFC, suggesting deposition in an environment similar to ice streams from modern, high latitude glaciers.  相似文献