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991.
Shi ZhaoYong Chen ZhiChao Zhang LiYun Feng Gu Christie Peter Tian ChangYan Li XiaoLin 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2007,50(1):135-141
The arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal status of the 20 most common plant species distributed in 4 vegetation types (meadow steppe, desert steppe, steppe desert and typical desert) on the northern slopes of the Tianshan Mountains was investigated. Samples of the plant species and their rhizosphere soils were collected from the 4 vegetation zones and examined to compare their mycorrhizal status, AM fungal spore densities, biovolumes, and community structures. 28 AM fungal species were isolated from the rhizosphere soils: of these, 5 belonged to Acaulospora, 1 to Archaeospora and 22 to Glomus. 5 AM fungi, Glomus aggregatum, G. claroideum, G. deserticola, G. etunicatum and G. sinuosum, were observed in all 4 zonal types. No significant differences were observed in mean proportion of root length colonized by AM fungi among the plant species within each zonal type. Comparing the 4 zonal types, Plantago minuta (84.5%) in steppe desert and Eremopyrum orientale (83.1%) in typical desert showed the highest root colonizatsion rates. AM fungal spore densities and biovolumes were significantly different in the different zonal types. AM fungal spore densities and biovolumes, species richness and diversity were highest in meadow steppe and lowest in typical desert. 相似文献
992.
We present a uniform asymptotic solution (UAS) for a displacement discontinuity (DD) that lies within the middle layer of a three‐layer elastic medium in which relative shear deformation between parallel interfaces is controlled by linear springs. The DD is assumed to be normal to the two interfaces between the elastic media. Using the Fourier transform method we construct a leading term in the asymptotic expansion for the spectral coefficient functions for a DD in a three‐layer‐spring medium. Although a closed‐form solution will require a solution in terms of an infinite series, we demonstrate how this UAS can be used to construct highly efficient and accurate solutions even in the case in which the DD actually touches the interface. We compare the results using the Green's function UAS solution for a crack crossing a soft interface with results obtained using a multi‐layer boundary element method. We also present results from an implementation of the UAS Green's function approach in a pseudo‐3D hydraulic fracturing simulator to analyze the effect of interface shear deformation on the fracture propagation process. These results are compared with field measurements. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
993.
994.
Some excellent photographs of Saturn in yellow and violet light have been taken in 1969 with the 105cm reflecting telescope of the Pic du Midi Observatory. They revealed the existence, inside the C-ring, of an extremely faint, fourth Ring. The reduction of microphotometric tracings along the great-axis of the Rings, have given the photometric curves of the rings in the two colours above. These two curves are very similar. They do not agree with some of the details drawn before and show some new ones. 相似文献
995.
Yuanqing He Hongxi Pang W. H. Theakstone Zhonglin Zhang Aigang Lu Juan Gu 《水文研究》2006,20(13):2873-2884
The stable isotopic composition of precipitation from low to mid latitudes contains information about changes of some climatic factors, such as temperature, precipitation and atmospheric circulation patterns. However, the isotopic variations in the area are very complicated because of the combined influences of these factors. Proper interpretation of the patterns of isotopic variations for palaeoclimate reconstructions in this area requires a detailed understanding of these complex stable isotope controls. The isotopic data (δ18O and δ2D) in precipitation at the International Atomic Energy Agency–World Meteorological Organization Bangkok station were collected and analysed because of the relatively long and unbroken isotopic records and the particular geographical location. The isotopic variations at Bangkok have strong seasonal patterns owing to distinct source regions in different seasons. In summer, the remote sources of water there can influence the δ18O values significantly, which is verified by the simple Rayleigh model. In winter, the mixing of isotopically distinct air masses with different origins, i.e. the continental and oceanic air masses, accounts for the isotopic variations. In the transition periods of the Asia–Australia monsoon, namely in May and October, the local vapour contribution may play a role in the isotopic ratios. On the interannual time‐scale, the influences of El Niño–southern oscillation (ENSO) and the Indian Ocean dipole (IOD) on isotopic composition are examined. The indications are that both the ENSO and IOD indices have a significant correlation with the δ18O ratios, and that the δ18O ratio in summer rains is significantly more enriched (depleted) during the warm (cold) phase of ENSO/IOD events. All the results suggest that it is useful for us in understanding the water cycling process and may be helpful in palaeoclimate reconstruction in this monsoon region. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
996.
997.
???????????????????????????????????Gauss??Markov ????????????μ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Σ????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 相似文献
998.
利用气候模式产品、NCEP/NCAR再分析500 hPa旬平均高度资料和河北省冬小麦种植区各测站的逐句降水、气温资料.运用相似释用技术,研制了冬小麦返青—拔节、拔节—抽穗、抽穗—乳熟、乳熟—成熟4个生育期间逐旬气温、降水预测方法,建立了冬小麦各生育期干旱指标预测模型,并在预测业务中应用.预测检验结果表明,用模式产品解释应用方法制作逐旬气候预测是可行的. 相似文献
999.
河南省短时强降水及其云团特征分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
根据河南省119个气象站1991-2010年5-9月逐时降水量资料,利用线性趋势和克里金插值等方法,分析了河南省短时强降水及其云团的特征.结果表明:河南省短时强降水自西向东、自北向南呈递增趋势,20.0 ~49.9 mm/h级别的降水在驻马店地区东部和信阳地区西部有明显增多趋势;≥50.0 mm/h级别的降水在周口地区北部有一高值中心.年际变化表明,20.0~49.9 mm/h级别的降水呈显著增加趋势,而≥50.0 mm/h级别的降水呈略增加趋势,但是不显著.月份间的差异非常明显,7月份出现的频次最多,其次是8月份,再次是6月份,5月份和9月份最少.日变化统计表明,上午最少,午后逐渐增加,傍晚和凌晨最多.历年极值雨量7月份出现次数最多,并集中分布在河南省中东部地区,西部地区极值雨量不超过50.0 mm/h,明显低于中东部地区.影响河南省短时强降水的对流云团大致有3个源地6条路径,云团特征可分三种类型,分别为不规则对流云团、圆形或椭圆形云团、带状云系.当有强降水发生时,Tbb值一般很低,但是Tbb值的大小与小时雨量没有很好的相关性. 相似文献
1000.