Seasonal Trend in the Occurrence of Nocturnal Drainage Flow on a Forested Slope Under a Tropical Monsoon Climate     

Hikaru Komatsu  Narimasa Yoshida  Hideki Takizawa  Izumi Kosaka  Chatchai Tantasirin  Masakazu Suzuki 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》2003,106(3):573-592

Using data for one year, we examined the vertical wind speed profileson a mountain slope covered with forest in northern Thailand undera tropical monsoon climate. We defined two profile patterns: higherwind speeds at greater heights (Pattern 1) and lower wind speeds atgreater heights (Pattern 2). We classified 9.4% of the data as Pattern 2;this pattern tended to occur during the night, at low wind speeds, and with high outgoing longwave radiation. In addition, stable stratification anddecoupling between the canopy surface air and the overlying layers wereobserved when Pattern 2 occurred frequently. These facts suggested thatPattern 2 was caused by a nocturnal drainage flow. The occurrence ofPattern 2 showed a clear seasonal trend, indicating that there is a seasonaltrend in the occurrence of nocturnal drainage flows. Pattern 2 was observedmore frequently between August and February and less frequently betweenMarch and July. This corresponded to the seasonal trend in wind speed, butdid not correspond to the seasonal trend in the outgoing longwave radiation.  相似文献   

Provenance of Paleozoic–Mesozoic sedimentary rocks in the Inner Zone of Southwest Japan: An evaluation based on Nd model ages     

H. Kagami  Y. Kawano  M. Akiyama  T. Ikawa  T. Imaoka  J. Ishioka  T. Toyoshima  T. Hamamoto  Y. Hayasaka  Y. Ikeda  M. Yuhara  Y. Tainosho 《Gondwana Research》2006,9(1-2):142

Nd model ages using depleted mantle (TDM) values for the sedimentary rocks in the Inner Zone of the SW Japan and western area of Tanakura Tectonic Line in the NE Japan allow classification into five categories: 2.6–2.45, 2.3–2.05, 1.9–1.55, 1.45–1.25, and 1.2–0.85 Ga. The provenance of each terrane/belt/district is interpreted on the basis of the TDMs, ¹⁴⁷Sm / ¹⁴⁴Nd vs. ¹⁴³Nd / ¹⁴⁴Nd relation, Nd isotopic evolution of the source rocks in East China and U–Pb zircon ages. The provenance of 2.6–1.8 Ga rocks, which are reported from Hida–Oki and Renge belts and Kamiaso conglomerates, is inferred to be the Sino–Korean Craton (SKC). The 2.3–1.55 Ga rocks, mostly from Ryoke, Mino and Ashio belts, are originally related with the SKC and/or Yangtze Craton (YC). The provenances of the sedimentary rocks with 1.45–0.85 Ga, from the Suo belt, Higo and some districts in the Mino and Ashio belts, are different from the SKC and YC. Especially, the Higo with 1.2–0.85 Ga is considered as a fragment of collision zone in East China. Akiyoshi belt probably belongs to the youngest age category of 1.2–0.85 Ga.Some metasedimentary rocks from the Ryoke belt have extremely high ¹⁴⁷Sm / ¹⁴⁴Nd and ¹⁴³Nd / ¹⁴⁴Nd ratios, whose main components are probably derived from mafic igneous rocks within the Ryoke belt itself and from the adjacent Tamba belt.  相似文献   

博斯腾湖的咸化机理及湖水矿化度稳定性分析   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

赵景峰  秦大河  长岛秀树  雷加强  魏文寿 《水科学进展》2007,18(4):475-482

以盐量平衡为基础,把影响湖水咸化的原因分解为水量、矿化度、水面蒸发等咸化因子,从物理机理上解析了各因子之间的相互关系。通过1960-1999年的逐年资料分析,提出盐分交换率概念,定量地阐明了不同时期各因子对湖水矿化度稳定性的影响。在博斯腾湖的不同情景下,推算了湖水矿化度的极限值;从理论上指出博斯腾湖属于微咸湖泊,其稳定矿化度为1.1 g/L,博斯腾湖的咸化原因可归因于人类水土开发活动和气候因素的综合影响。  相似文献   

3-D magnetic inversion and satellite imagery for the Um Salatit gold occurrence,Central Eastern Desert,Egypt     

Hassan Mohamed  Hakim Saibi  Mohand Bersi  Sami Abdelnabi  Baher Geith  Hamdy Ismaeil  Thomas Tindell  Hideki Mizunaga 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(21):674

The Um Salatit is a gold occurrence situated in the Central Eastern Desert of Egypt. The studied area is characterized by an intensive imbrication zone of serpentinites and metavolcanic rocks. The integrated use of aeromagnetic and spectral reflectance remote sensing data has proved effective for mapping geology related to ore deposits. Spectral reflectance maps have been produced to discriminate various rocks, such as serpentinites, gabbros, and metavolcanic rocks. 3-D inversion of aeromagnetic data acquired over the Um Salatit study area produced a 3-D magnetic susceptibility model showing magnetic bodies surrounded by less magnetic host rock. The magnetic features are elongated ENE-WSW parallel to the major thrust fault and mapped the Um Salatit serpentinized rocks. Remote sensing data allow investigating surficial geological features and mapping the mineralized areas. Remote results, in conjunction with 3-D inversion of aeromagnetic data, demonstrate that gold occurrence in the study area was effectively restricted to the highly magnetic zone interpreted as host rocks.  相似文献   

Investigation on the Performance of Pipe Roof Method Adjacent to the Underground Construction     

Ma  Peng  Shimada  Hideki  Sasaoka  Takashi  Hamanaka  Akihiro  Dintwe  Tumelo K. M.  Pan  Donjiang 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2021,39(6):4677-4687

In this paper, the behaviour of the pipe roof method with different pipe roofs disposition schemes including the pipe roof gate system and L-shaped system is discussed in terms of ground settlement reduction in the condition of underground space construction adjacent to the existing structure by using numerical simulation method. Considering the construction sequences of parallel underground tunnels with rectangular cross sections, the appropriate parameters and ground response characteristics of the corresponding pipe roof methods are evaluated by the ground surface displacement. The results indicated that the construction impacts from new buildings can be reduced by the pipe roof method. However, the theoretical performance of pipe roofs is highly dependent on the spacing between two structures. Generally, the L-shaped system is more effective in case of the distance (D) that is less than or equal to 1/2 width of box culvert (R) under the condition of a new structure constructed nearby the existing building. When two structures are constructed simultaneously, the excavation and the construction of structures influence each other reciprocally. The conclusions could provide a reference for the pipe roof method with the application scenario of adjacent building protection.

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V p/V s-ratios from the central Kolbeinsey Ridge to the Jan Mayen Basin,North Atlantic; implications for lithology,porosity and present-day stress field     

Mjelde  Rolf  Aurvåg  Roar  Kodaira  Shuichi  Shimamura  Hideki  Gunnarsson  Karl  Nakanishi  Ayako  Shiobara  Hajime 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2002,23(2):123-145

The horizontal components from twenty Ocean Bottom Seismometers deployed along three profiles near the Kolbeinsey Ridge, North Atlantic, have been modelled with regard to S-waves, based on P-wave models obtained earlier. Two profiles were acquired parallel to the ridge, and the third profile extended eastwards across the continental Jan Mayen Basin. The modelling requires a thin (few 100 m) layer with very high V _p/V _s-ratio (3.5–9.5) at the sea-floor in the area lacking sedimentary cover. The obtained V _p/V _s-ratios for the remaining part of layer 2A, 2B, 3 and upper mantle, correspond to the following lithologies: pillow lavas, sheeted dykes, gabbro and peridotite, respectively. All crustal layers exhibit a decreasing trend in V _p/V _s-ratio away-from-the-axis, interpreted as decreasing porosity and/or crack density in that direction. A significant S-wave azimuthal anisotropy is observed within the thin uppermost layer of basalt near the ridge. The anisotropy is interpreted as being caused by fluid-filled microcracks aligned along the direction of present-day maximum compressive stress, and indicates crustal extension at the ridge itself and perpendicular-to-the-ridge compression 12 km off axis. Spreading along the Kolbeinsey Ridge has most likely been continuous since its initiation ca. 25 Ma: The data do not suggest the presence of an extinct spreading axis between the Kolbeinsey Ridge and the Aegir Ridge as has been proposed earlier. The V _p/V _s-ratios found in the Jan Mayen Basin are compatible with continental crust, overlain by a sedimentary section dominated by shale.  相似文献   

Lower crustal seismic velocity-anomalies; magmatic underplating or serpentinized peridotite? Evidence from the Vøring Margin,NE Atlantic     

Mjelde  Rolf  Kasahara  Junzo  Shimamura  Hideki  Kamimura  Aya  Kanazawa  Toshihiko  Kodaira  Shuichi  Raum  Thomas  Shiobara  Hajime 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2002,23(2):169-183

On the Vøring volcanic passive margin offshore mid-Norway, NE Atlantic, a lower crustal body with P-wave velocities in the range of 7.1–7.7 km/s has been mapped by twenty two-dimensional Ocean Bottom Seismograph (OBS) profiles. The main aim of the present paper is to evaluate to what extent the lower crust is consistent with magmatic intrusions or serpentinized peridotite. The relatively low V _p/V _s ratios of 1.75–1.78 modelled for the lower crust under the continental part of the Vøring Plateau are consistent with mafic intrusions mixed with blocks of stretched continental crust, but not with the presence of partially serpentinized peridotites. The lower crustal high-velocity body is restricted to the area of the Late Cretaceous/Early Tertiary rift that lead to continental break-up in Early Eocene. The same model can explain the observations in the northern Vøring Basin, but in the central and southern Vøring Basin the seismic velocities do not preclude a model involving serpentinized peridotite in addition to intrusions and continental remnants. On the west Iberia non-volcanic margin a similar layer is interpreted as serpentinized peridotite. The existence of Moho reflections, the observation of S-wave anisotropy but absence of P-wave anisotropy, uncertainties regarding supply of water to allow for significant serpentinization and very low stretching factors compared with the west Iberia Margin, are among factors that argue against the presence of serpentinized peridotite in the Vøring Basin.  相似文献   

Nitrogen and phosphorus distributions across the thermohaline front in Kii Channel in winter     

Ichiro Yuasa  Eisuke Hashimoto  Hideki Ueshima 《Journal of Oceanography》1993,49(4):407-424

We have studied nitrogen and phosphorus distributions across the thermohaline front in Kii Channel in winter by using engine-cooling sea water of a ferry boat. On Dec. 1986 and Jan. 1987, differences of PO₄–P and DIN across the front are recognized. Especially in the latter case, differences of nutrients concentrations across the front are very obvious. But differences of nutrients across the front on Feb. 1986, Feb. and Mar. 1987 are not obvious. Inspite of winter,Akashiwo had happened in Osaka Bay, nutrients mostly have already been utilized by phytoplankton in inner part of Osaka Bay. Consequently, differences of nutrients concentrations across the front are nearly zero.  相似文献   

Relationship between temperature and fluctuations in sandfish catch (Arctoscopus japonicus) in the coastal waters off Akita Prefecture     

Sakuramoto  Kazumi; Kitahara  Takeru; Sugiyama  Hideki 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》1997,54(1):1-12

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Silicate to Nitrate Ratio of the Upper Sub-Arctic Pacific and the Bering Sea Basin in Summer: Its Implication for Phytoplankton Dynamics   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Isao Koike  Hiroshi Ogawa  Toshi Nagata  Rumi Fukuda  Hideki Fukuda 《Journal of Oceanography》2001,57(3):253-260

Consumption of silicate and nitrate (Si:N molar ratio) in the upper layer of the pelagic subarctic Pacific in summer was evaluated by a regression analysis of silicate vs. nitrate concentrations at the upper 100 m depth. Based on data of three cruises, the pelagic subarctic Pacific can be classified into two groups. First group is characterized by roughly 1:1 consumption of silicate and nitrate, and occupies rather larger area of subarcfic Pacific, i.e., the Gulf of Alaska and the Western Subarctic gyre (averaged slope of Si:N linear regression: 1.21, n = 10 and 1.45, n = 9, respectively). Second group is the regions of the Bering Sea basin and the Oyashio region, and showed higher silicate consumption compared to that of nitrate (averaged slope of Si:N linear regression: 2.14, n = 9 and 2.36, n = 3, respectively). The Si:N difference observed is possibly attributed to relative contribution of diatoms production among the phytoplankton assemblages in the regions, i.e., dominance of diatoms production in the regions of the second group. Higher accumulation of ammonium at the bottom of euphotic layer in the summer Bering Sea basin would also contribute to increase consumption ratio of Si:N amounts.  相似文献