Meteoric hydrothermal origin of calcites in “Green Tuff” formations,Miocene age,Japan     

Keiko Hattori  Hitoshi Sakai 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1980,73(2):145-150

Oxygen and carbon isotope compositions were determined for calcites from the Green Tuff formations of Miocene age in Japan. Values of ¹⁸O from 24 calcites in altered rocks from 5 districts range from –2 to +16_SMOW, in most cases from 0 to +8_SMOW. The low ¹⁸O values rule out the possibility of their low-temperature origin or any significant contribution of magmatic fluid in the calcite precipitation. These values, coupled with their mineral assemblages, suggest that the calcites formed from meteoric hydrothermal solutions which caused propylitic alteration after the submarine strata became emergent.Values of ¹³C from the calcites show a wide variation from –17 to 0_PDB. Calcites from different districts have different ranges of ¹³C values, indicating that there was no homogeneous reservoir of carbon at the time the calcite formed, and that the carbon had local sources. Carbon isotopic compositions of calcite within ore deposits in the Green Tuff formations range from –19 to 0_PDB, similar to those of calcite in the altered rocks in the same district, suggesting that the carbon in ore calcites was likely supplied from the surrounding rocks through activity of meteoric hydrothermal solutions.  相似文献   

Factors influencing maintenance and decline of a diatom bloom in the Yatsushiro Sea,Japan     

Goh Onitsuka  Tomoyuki Shikata  Saho Kitatsuji  Kazuo Abe  Takeshi Yamamoto  Hiroki Ochiai  Hitoshi Matsuo 《Journal of Oceanography》2016,72(4):617-627

  相似文献   

Hydrogen, Oxygen and Sulfur Isotope Studies of Seafloor Hydrothermal System at the Desmos Caldera, Manus Back-arc Basin, Papua New Guinea: An Analogue of Terrestrial Acid Hot Crater-lake   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Kaul R. Gena    Hitoshi Chiba    Toshio Mizuta  Osamu Matsubaya 《Resource Geology》2006,56(2):183-190

Abstract. The Onsen site is an active submarine hydrothermal system hosted by the Desmos caldera in the Eastern Manus Basin, Papua New Guinea. The hydrothermal fluid is very acidic (pH=1.5) and abundant native sulfur is deposited around the vent. The δ³⁴S values of native sulfur range from -6.5 to -9.3 %o. δ³⁴S values of H₂S and SO₄ in the hydrothermal fluid are -4.3 to -9.9 %o and +18.6 to +20.0 %o, respectively. These δ³⁴S values are significantly lower than those of the other hydrothermal systems so far reported. These low δ³⁴S values and the acidic nature of the vent fluids suggest that volcanic SO₂ gas plays an important role on the sulfur isotope systematic of the Onsen hydrothermal system. Relationship among the δ³⁴S values of S-bearing species can be successively explained by the model based on the disproportionation reaction starting from the volcanic SO₂ gas. The predicted δ³⁴S values of SO₂ agree with the measured whole rock δ³⁴S values. δD and δ¹⁸O values of clay minerals separated from the altered rock samples also suggest the contribution of the magmatic fluid to the hydrothermal system. Present stable isotopic study strongly suggests that the Onsen hydrothermal site in the Desmos caldera is a magmatic submarine hydrothermal system.  相似文献   

New discoveries in dynamics of an M8 earthquake-phenomena and their implications from the 2003 Tokachi-oki earthquake using a long term monitoring cabled observatory   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Hitoshi Mikada  Kyohiko Mitsuzawa  Hiroyuki Matsumoto  Tomoki Watanabe  Shigehiko Morita  Riyo Otsuka  Hiroko Sugioka  Toshitaka Baba  Eiichiro Araki  Kiyoshi Suyehiro 《Tectonophysics》2006,426(1-2):95

At the 2003 Tokachi-oki earthquake of M8, seafloor phenomena such as a generation process of tsunami, seafloor uplifts, turbidity current, etc., were observed using a cabled observatory installed on the seafloor. The turbidity current was observed as a benthic storm caused presumably by the mainshock. The seafloor uplifts were observed at the mainshock and continuously after the mainshock. The uplifts were 0.35, 0.37, and 0.12 m for epicentral distances of 25.5, 31.4, and 81.7 km, respectively. After the mainshock, a continuous uplift of the seafloor is observed at all three pressure gauge locations indicating that there was a change in the state of friction on the plate boundary interface by the mainshock. In this paper, we first show what was observed using the cabled observatory installed right above the focal area of the earthquake, and then we discuss to summarize these phenomena associated with the earthquake, its possible causes, and future directions in long term monitoring of seismogenic processes.  相似文献   

Underground storage of carbon dioxide in depleted natural gas reservoirs and in useless aquifers     

Hitoshi Koide  Yoshiyuki Tazaki  Yoshikazu Noguchi  Masaki Iijima  Kazuitsu Ito  Yuji Shindo 《Engineering Geology》1993,34(3-4):175-179

Depleted reservoirs of natural gas and petroleum can provide excellent traps for carbon dioxide. Deep aquifers, which are not used due to high salinity, can host larger amount of the carbon dioxide under their high formation pressure than natural gas and oir reservoirs. Small fraction of aquifers in sedimentary basins in the world are enough to host about 87 gigaton-C of carbon dioxide.

A preliminary technical and economical survey on the carbon dioxide injection system suggests that the energy requirement for carbon dioxide injection into subterranean aquifers is about 269 kWh/ton-C and that the investment and operation costs for system are 79 $/ton-C. By our preliminary cost estimation in Japan, the CO₂-emission-free electricity generation may become possible with a cost increase of 35% for natural-gas-fired power station, and of 60% for coal-fired-power station.  相似文献   

Late Mesozoic low-P/high-T metamorphism preceding emplacement of Cretaceous granitic rocks in the Gosaisho-Takanuki district, Abukuma metamorphic belt     

Michio  Tagiri Hitoshi  Sato Eiji  Matsumura Hiroyuki  Nemoto 《Island Arc》1993,2(3):152-169

Abstract The central part of Abukuma metamorphic belt consists of two geologic units, the Gosaisho Group and the Takanuki Group. Although the deformation styles differ between the Gosaisho and the Takanuki Groups, their rock facies show a gradual transition. In both Groups early regional low-pressure (over 3 kb) metamorphism has been overprinted by contact metamorphism. Evidence for the P/T condition of the regional metamorphism is recorded in cores of armored minerals. Metamorphic zones have been defined on mineral rim assemblages of meta-mafite, meta-pelite and meta-calc-siliceous schist and on the degree of graphitization of meta-pelite. The mineral-core chemistry of plagioclase, Ca-amphibole and garnet changes with increasing metamorphic grade, and indicates that the regional metamorphism of the Gosaisho Group took place in a high pressure region of the andalusite stability field. The Takanuki metamorphic rocks are structurally overlain by the Gosaisho Group and have undergone regional metamorphism whose conditions have passed near the triple point of Al-silicates and kyanite has crystallized. The contact aureoles in both groups are developed around middle Cretaceous granitic intrusions. Rims of plagioclase, Ca-amphibole and garnet overgrew on the mineral-cores during the contact metamorphism. The regional metamorphism began after the sedimentation of Jurassic chert and was succeeded by the contact metamorphism in the middle Cretaceous.  相似文献   

Coupling simulation of microbially induced carbonate precipitation and bacterial growth using reaction–diffusion and homogenisation systems     

Nishimura  Ibuki  Matsubara  Hitoshi 《Acta Geotechnica》2021,16(5):1315-1330

Acta Geotechnica - Soil improvement techniques have been developed experimentally and empirically from various geotechnical standpoints based on physical, chemical, and biological findings. The...  相似文献   

Study on the relation of river morphology and tsunami propagation in rivers     

Hitoshi Tanaka  Kosuke Kayane  Mohammad Bagus Adityawan  Min Roh  Mohammad Farid 《Ocean Dynamics》2014,64(9):1319-1332

The relations of river morphology and tsunami propagation in rivers were studied at several rivers in the Tohoku region during The Great Chilean Tsunami of 2010 and The Great East Japan Tsunami of 2011. It was found that river mouth morphological features play an important role in the intrusion of low magnitude tsunamis in which the geological and geographical conditions are an important factor. Nevertheless, the effects of these features were not found in the case of an extreme tsunami wave. As the wave enters the river, the propagation depends on other factors. It was found that the intrusion distance correlates well to the riverbed slope. The measurements of water level and riverbed slope were analyzed to propose an empirical method for estimating the damping coefficient for the tsunami propagation in rivers based on the tsunami of 2011. The proposed empirical method was used to approximate the length of the tsunami intrusion into a river by assuming that the furthest distance is given for the ratio of local tsunami wave height to the tsunami wave height at the river entrance of 0.05 (5 %). The estimated intrusion length from the proposed method in this study shows a good comparison with measurement data.  相似文献   

Molecular and isotopic composition of hydrate-bound and dissolved gases in the southern basin of Lake Baikal, based on an improved headspace gas method   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Hirotoshi Sakagami  Nobuo Takahashi  Akihiro Hachikubo  Hirotsugu Minami  Satoshi Yamashita  Hitoshi Shoji  Oleg Khlystov  Gennadiy Kalmychkov  Mikhail Grachev  Marc De Batist 《Geo-Marine Letters》2012,32(5-6):465-472

Assessments of the molecular and isotopic composition of hydrate-bound and dissolved gases in pore water were conducted during the multi-phase gas hydrate project (MHP-09) cruise VER09-03 to the southern basin of Lake Baikal in September 2009. To avoid changes in gas composition during core sampling and transport, various headspace methods were investigated aimed at preserving the dissolved gases in pore water. When distilled water was added to the sediment samples, the concentrations of carbon dioxide and oxygen decreased because of dissolution into the water and/or microbial consumption. When the headspace was not flushed with inert gases, trace levels of hydrogen and ethylene were detected. The findings suggest that best preparation is achieved by flushing the headspace with helium, and adding a saturated aqueous solution of sodium chloride. This improved headspace method served to examine the molecular and isotopic compositions of gas samples retrieved at several new sites in the southern basin. Methane was the major component, and the proportion of ethane ranged widely from 0.0009 to 1.67?mol% of the total hydrocarbon gases. The proportions of propane and higher hydrocarbons were small or less than their detection limits. The carbon isotope signatures suggest that microbial-sourced methane and ethane were dominant in the Peschanka study area, whereas ethane was of thermogenic origin at all other study sites in the southern basin of Lake Baikal.  相似文献   

基于地震“哼鸣”的全球面波层析成像     

Kiwamu Nishida  左玉玲 《国际地震动态》2009,(12):13-15

基于地震的全球面波层析成像技术的发展对于探测地球深部动力学状态起着至关紧要的作用。人们很自然地认为只有大地震才会产生类似探测所需要的穿入地球深部的长周期地震波。然而,由海洋和/或大气扰动随机产生的地震＂哼鸣＂的发现,即地球背景自由振荡,提供了一种可供选择的方法。我们在此呈现的是利用地震＂哼鸣＂而非天然地震进行上地幔地震层析成像的结果。在100～400s周期,Rayleigh波的相速度异常可通过下述方式测得,即对观测得到的54个遍布全球的地震台站中每两个台站间的互相关函数进行模拟,然后对这些异常进行反演,以获取上地幔三维S波速度结构。此方法为探测具有大气和/或海洋的类地行星——特别是火星的三维内部结构提供了一种新的途径。  相似文献