Possibilities and Limitations of Interdisciplinary, User-oriented Research: Experiences from the German Research Network Natural Disasters     

Bruno Merz  Jana Friedrich  Markus Disse  Jochen Schwarz  Johann G. Goldammer  Jochen Wächter 《Natural Hazards》2006,38(1-2):3-20

The German Research Network for Natural Disasters (DFNK) linked 15 partners with scientific expertise in the field of natural hazards. Main objectives were the development and provision of the scientific fundamentals for an advanced risk management of important natural disasters in Germany, i.e., floods, earthquakes, storms and wildland fires. This included risk analyses, the development of information systems for supporting disaster management, and recommendations for risk reduction measures. This paper gives an overview of DFNK and summarises its experiences concerning multidisciplinarity and user-orientation. It illustrates the concept of risk chains, causally linking the different processes from hazard to risk. The step from hazard to risk requires interdisciplinary research teams. The experiences show that integrative concepts allow results not achievable with mono-disciplinary approaches. Integrative approaches pave the way to harmonised safety considerations taking into account the different hazards in a region within a common framework. User-orientation, policy advice and development of operational tools are key issues of disaster research. The experiences of DFNK illustrate the limitations of a research network in bridging the gap between research and application within rather short-term projects. Successful cooperation with users could be established by those activities where, at the beginning of the project, a user was identified who had a strong interest in solving an urgent problem.  相似文献   

Population Growth in Diaphanosoma excisum (SARS) As a Direct Function of Available Space     

B. B. Jana  G. P. Pal 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》1984,12(3):311-314

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Measurement of the Primary Production of Phytoplankton in the Aquatic Environment During the Solar Eclipse     

B. B. Jana  U. K. De 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》1981,9(5):599-602

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Optimal mitigation strategies with negative emission technologies and carbon sinks under uncertainty     

Sabine Fuss  Wolf Heinrich Reuter  Jana Szolgayová  Michael Obersteiner 《Climatic change》2013,118(1):73-87

In recent years a body of literature has arisen on the topic of how to compose the optimal portfolio of mitigation options. The focus has been mainly on options involving shifts from high- to low- or even negative-carbon technologies. Natural sinks play an important role in any attempt to stabilize atmospheric CO₂ and usually enter as a constant term in the overall carbon budget. In this paper, we introduce natural sinks to the carbon management problem and analyze the implications for negative emission technology deployment and the overall mitigation strategy. Amongst other sensitivity analyses, we also investigate the impact of uncertainty in the carbon sink, which we find to raise the importance of negative emissions in the mitigation portfolio significantly lowering the cost of the policy mix.  相似文献   

Optimization of novel hyperthermostable β amylase production by Bacillus subtilis DJ5 using solid agroresidual substrates     

A. Poddar  S. C. Jana 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2014,11(4):1127-1134

Eight different low cost starchy agroresidues namely Barley (B), Wheat bran (WB), Sattu (S), Rice powder (RP), Corn flour (CF), Rice husk (RH), Yellow peas split (YPS) and arrowroot (A) were used for solid culturing of Bacillus subtilis DJ5 for production of novel hyperthermostable β amylase. Various process parameters like initial moisture content, inoculum load, medium pH and incubation temperature affecting enzyme production were optimized to ensure maximum enzyme yield. Only 10 % inoculums load and medium pH of 6.9 was found sufficient to achieve maximum enzyme production in all substrates in a decreasing order, B > WB > S > RP > CF > RH > YPS > A. Optimum β amylase production was highly dependent on initial moisture content of substrate as observed from varying requirement of moisture for different substrates. Only 50 % moisture was sufficient for maximum enzyme production of 84.29 U/gdm in CF. For B, RH, YPS, and A 60 % initial moisture resulted in higher production of 120.34, 35.19, 26.59, and 21.58 U/gdm, respectively, at 37 °C. However, for S and RP higher (70 %) moisture content allowed 113.4 and 85.56 U/gdm enzyme production, respectively. Under optimized conditions, maximum β amylase production was observed after 25 h for A, YPS, RH, RP; 41 h for B, WB, CF, and 45 h for S.  相似文献   

The rockwall in rockwall,texas: A study of unusual natural magnetic effects in geoarcheological surveys produced by mineral oxidation     

Brooks B. Ellwood  Jana Payne  Gary J. Long 《Geoarchaeology》1989,4(2):103-118

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