测绘工程专业“四维渗透式”实践教学改革研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

马春艳  梁翠英  张文清  石林峰 《测绘通报》2013,(2):106-108

测绘工程专业“四维渗透式”实践教学改革是在科学思维与科学方法指导下,以学生的自主性、探索性学习为基础,以学生科学思维和科学方法为导向,以测绘专业建设为出发点,以测绘专业实践教学改革为核心指导思想,打破传统的实践教学改革.以河南理工大学测绘学院测绘工程专业的实践教学为例,首先介绍传统测绘实践教学弊端,构建以创新能力为本位的“四维渗透式”人才培养模式的内容及特色.结果表明,它是一种新型的可促进学生积极主动参与实验的实践教学方法改革.  相似文献   

空间信息服务管理机制研究     

梁娟珠 《东北测绘》2013,(2):15-18

针对UDDI、CSW、Clearinghouse等空间信息服务注册与查找方式存在的不足,提出了空间信息服务管理机制,集成实现空间信息服务的搜索、描述、分类、组织、存储、发布、发现为一体的空间信息服务管理架构。基于此,实现了空间信息服务描述与注册、服务发现与调用等服务活动过程,为空间信息服务共享与增值应用奠定基础。  相似文献   

基于脊线检测的高分辨率图像道路中线提取算法     

刘正陶  梁桥 《四川测绘》2013,(4)

为从高分辨率图像中提取道路中心线,本文提出了一种有效的基于脊线检测的提取算法。该算法首先对原始图像进行脊线检测得到道路中心线,再利用canny算子检测道路边缘,最后与脊线检测结果算术相与得到最终结果。实验表明该算法检测结果与实际道路中心线吻合度高,简单易行,且鲁棒性好。  相似文献   

基于ArcGIS、MATLAB及Surfer的DGPS冰碛垄测量模拟对比     

金耀  易朝路  梁越华  马颖钊 《测绘科学》2013,(2):53-55,64

应用ArcGIS软件中的Topo to Raster工具、MATLAB软件中的人工神经网络及Surfer软件中自然邻点法,本文对使用差分GPS测量的青藏高原不同地区的冰碛垄数据进行了数字地貌模拟,从模拟精度、准确度、地貌晕渲、易操作性及后期定量分析等方面进行了分析对比。结果表明ArcGIS中的Topo to Raster工具较其他两种方法有较好的模拟精度;综合考虑各方面因素,ArcGIS软件在冰碛垄地貌的定量研究中具有优势。  相似文献   

Observational Subseasonal Variability of the PM_2.5 Concentration in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Area during the January 2021 Sudden Stratospheric Warming     

Qian LU  Jian RAO  Chunhua SHI  Dong GUO  Ji WANG  Zhuoqi LIANG  Tian WANG 《大气科学进展》2022,39(10):1623-1636

It is still not well understood if subseasonal variability of the local PM_2.5 in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region is affected by the stratospheric state. Using PM_2.5 observations and the ERA5 reanalysis, the evolution of the air quality in BTH during the January 2021 sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) is explored. The subseasonal variability of the PM_2.5 concentration after the SSW onset is evidently enhanced. Stratospheric circumpolar easterly anomalies lasted for 53 days during the January–February 2021 SSW with two evident stratospheric pulses arriving at the ground. During the tropospheric wave weakening period and the intermittent period of dormant stratospheric pulses, the East Asian winter monsoon weakened, anomalous temperature inversion developed in the lower troposphere, anomalous surface southerlies prevailed, atmospheric moisture increased, and the boundary layer top height lowered, all of which favor the accumulation of pollutant particulates, leading to two periods of pollution processes in the BTH region. In the phase of strengthened East Asian winter monsoon around the very beginning of the SSW and another two periods when stratospheric pulses had reached the near surface, opposite-signed circulation patterns and meteorological conditions were observed, which helped to dilute and diffuse air pollutants in the BTH region. As a result, the air quality was excellent during the two periods when the stratospheric pulse had reached the near surface. The increased subseasonal variation of the regional pollutant particulates after the SSW onset highlights the important role of the stratosphere in the regional environment and provides implications for the environmental prediction.  相似文献   

基于模糊隶属函数的吉林市烤烟种植气候适宜性区划     

梁颖  马树庆  张明 《气象与环境学报》2022,38(1):100-105

为合理利用吉林市气候资源,提升烤烟生产效益,开展烤烟栽培气候适宜性定量评估,以制定烤烟种植优化调整方案。采用烤烟产量、气象和海拔高程等数据,基于气象条件对当地烤烟的影响,以及烤烟栽培气候资源供求关系,确定影响烤烟栽培的气象要素。采取模糊数学方法建立吉林市烤烟适宜度隶属函数及综合评价模型。考虑到海拔高度和经纬度与气象条件的关系,建立吉林山区诸气象要素的地理分布模式,在GIS平台下实现吉林市烤烟种植适宜度的精细化气候区划。结果表明：吉林市大部分地方都比较适宜烤烟栽培,但气候适宜度存在明显的区域差异,可划分为最适宜区、适宜区、次适宜区、不适宜区4类。研究区域东部和南部海拔500-800 m左右的中山地带适合烤烟栽培,但其中海拔800 m以上的高山地带气温过低,不适宜烤烟栽培;西部半山-平原区适宜度并不高。蛟河市适宜烤烟种植面积最大,其次是桦甸市,磐石市和舒兰市也较适宜烤烟栽培。烤烟精细区划结果与当地多年烤烟种植区域有一致性,但仍有较大的优化调整空间和增产增收潜力。  相似文献   

Impacts of Aerosol-Radiation Interactions on the Wintertime Particulate Pollution under Different Synoptic Patterns in the Guanzhong Basin,China     

Naifang BEI  Xia LI  Qiyuan WANG  Suixin LIU  Jiarui WU  Jiayi LIANG  Lang LIU  Ruonan WANG  Guohui LI 《大气科学进展》2021,38(7):1141-1152

The effects of aerosol–radiation interactions(ARI) are not only important for regional and global climate, but they can also drive particulate matter(PM) pollution. In this study, the ARI contribution to the near-surface fine PM(PM2.5)concentrations in the Guanzhong Basin(GZB) is evaluated under four unfavorable synoptic patterns, including "northlow", "transition", "southeast-trough", and "inland-high", based on WRF-Chem model simulations of a persistent heavy PM pollution episode in January 2019. Simulations show that ARI consistently decreases both solar radiation reaching down to the surface(SWDOWN) and surface temperature(TSFC), which then reduces wind speed, induces sinking motion,and influences cloud formation in the GZB. However, large differences under the four synoptic patterns still exist. The average reductions of SWDOWN and daytime TSFC in the GZB range from 15.2% and 1.04°C in the case of the"transition" pattern to 26.7% and 1.69°C in the case of the "north-low" pattern, respectively. Furthermore, ARI suppresses the development of the planetary boundary layer(PBL), with the decrease of PBL height(PBLH) varying from 18.7% in the case of the "transition" pattern to 32.0% in the case of the "north-low" pattern. The increase of daytime near-surface PM2.5 in the GZB due to ARI is 12.0%, 8.1%, 9.5%, and 9.7% under the four synoptic patterns, respectively. Ensemble analyses also reveal that when near-surface PM2.5 concentrations are low, ARI tends to lower PM2.5 concentrations with decreased PBLH, which is caused by enhanced divergence or a transition from divergence to convergence in an area. ARI contributes 15%–25% toward the near-surface PM2.5 concentrations during the severe PM pollution period under the four synoptic patterns.  相似文献   

新疆小拐地区二叠系佳木河组裂缝分布规律探讨     

范存辉  李虎  支东明  秦启荣  梁则亮  尚玲 《矿物岩石》2012,32(3)

通过对新疆小拐地区二叠系佳木河组,17口井的岩心观测、测井解释裂缝以及其中14口井200余个薄片鉴定分析,结合区域构造演化分析,认为该区裂缝主要为区域性的构造缝,为多次地质作用叠加改造的结果,裂缝倾角主要以≥75°的直立缝为主,所占比例超过75％,总体特征表现为裂缝延伸较长(大于20 cm),裂缝宽度主要集中在0.1mm～1 mm之间,所占比例达60％以上,裂缝密度多数在0.6条/米～0.8条/米,未充填裂缝所占比例为90.5％,占绝对优势;工区裂缝主要受岩性和层厚的控制,裂缝主要发育在细砾岩、砂砾岩和薄层含砾砂岩中,根据研究区的实际情况,综合利用地质认识、古构造应力反演、相干数据体处理对裂缝分布规律进行再认识,预测裂缝发育带.最终对这3种方法进行权重分析及裂缝的综合评价表明:裂缝主要发育在G102-G5-G105、CP3-G103、G9井区、G13及G3井、C502-C67-C501及其南部,总体上呈片状或扇形展布.  相似文献   

甘肃省夏河县隆瓦寺院金矿地质特征及找矿前景分析     

赵积珍  梁志录  赵朝伟  张建辉  刘晓涛 《甘肃地质》2012,(1):36-41

隆瓦寺院金矿为多期活动的断裂构造和中酸性脉岩双重控矿的蚀变岩型中型金矿床,矿区内的多条矿化蚀变带,具有宽度大、走向延伸较稳定的特征。通过对该成矿特征及成矿条件分析,该矿体形态较简单,总体厚度变化较稳定,品位变化不太均匀。矿体的形成主要受一套浅变质碎屑岩建造、断裂构造及中酸性侵入岩脉的控制。该矿有利的成矿条件和特定的成矿类型对该地区的找矿具有重要指示意义。  相似文献   

肃北钻井沟金矿的矿石特征和金的赋存状态探讨     

李作军  惠剑宁  杨发旺  梁军  魏学平 《甘肃地质》2012,(2):54-56

钻井沟金矿主要的矿石类型为含金多金属硫化物石英脉和含金白云母石英岩,矿石结构以粒状晶结构、碎裂结构和包含结构为主;构造主要为块状构造和浸染状构造。金矿物为自然金,以裂隙金为主,少量包裹金,金矿物以中粗粒金为主,载金矿物为黄铁矿、黄铜矿和石英。矿石中金的品位高,赋存状态简单,有害元素砷、锑、硫、碳等的含量低,属易浸型矿石。采用浮选—氰化联合工艺流程,金的综合回收率可以到达99.24%。  相似文献