全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3662篇 |
免费 | 936篇 |
国内免费 | 1357篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 679篇 |
大气科学 | 566篇 |
地球物理 | 762篇 |
地质学 | 2461篇 |
海洋学 | 582篇 |
天文学 | 89篇 |
综合类 | 362篇 |
自然地理 | 454篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 29篇 |
2023年 | 112篇 |
2022年 | 315篇 |
2021年 | 357篇 |
2020年 | 312篇 |
2019年 | 378篇 |
2018年 | 338篇 |
2017年 | 332篇 |
2016年 | 346篇 |
2015年 | 321篇 |
2014年 | 323篇 |
2013年 | 340篇 |
2012年 | 348篇 |
2011年 | 308篇 |
2010年 | 229篇 |
2009年 | 236篇 |
2008年 | 180篇 |
2007年 | 162篇 |
2006年 | 131篇 |
2005年 | 92篇 |
2004年 | 78篇 |
2003年 | 72篇 |
2002年 | 65篇 |
2001年 | 78篇 |
2000年 | 58篇 |
1999年 | 38篇 |
1998年 | 35篇 |
1997年 | 40篇 |
1996年 | 42篇 |
1995年 | 32篇 |
1994年 | 30篇 |
1993年 | 22篇 |
1992年 | 19篇 |
1991年 | 17篇 |
1990年 | 13篇 |
1989年 | 7篇 |
1988年 | 11篇 |
1987年 | 12篇 |
1986年 | 10篇 |
1985年 | 10篇 |
1984年 | 11篇 |
1982年 | 9篇 |
1981年 | 9篇 |
1980年 | 11篇 |
1978年 | 4篇 |
1976年 | 4篇 |
1974年 | 4篇 |
1973年 | 4篇 |
1958年 | 3篇 |
1954年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有5955条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
On the bogussing of tropical cyclones in numerical models: A comparison of vortex profiles 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Summary At the resolutions currently in use, and with the sparse oceanic data coverage, numerical analyses cannot adequately represent tropical cyclone circulations for use in numerical weather prediction models. In many cases there is no circulation present at all. Most numerical weather prediction centers therefore employ a bogussing scheme to force a tropical cyclone vortex into the numerical analysis. The standard procedure is to define a synthetic data distribution based on an analytically prescribed vortex, which is passed to the analysis scheme as a set of high quality observations.In this study, four commonly used bogus vortices are examined by comparing resultant forecast tracks in an environment at rest, and in a background flow that simulates a typical monsoon trough-subtropical ridge structure. There are three main findings, each of which has significance for operational tropical cyclone track prediction. First, great care is needed in the choice of the characteristics of the bogus vortex, such as the radius and magnitude of the maximum wind. Second, the tropical cyclone trajectories can be very sensitive to their initial position in the idealised environment. Third, the bogus vortex can substantially influence the environment, especially over longer time periods and for vortices of larger size.With 9 Figures 相似文献
42.
在山东省德州市首次探明国内稀有含碘饮用用天然矿泉水--“中华碘泉”,研究表明,矿泉水是在新生代断陷盆地的构造背景和弱碱氧化的水文地球化学环境条件下,地下水与含水介南长期水-岩反应中经溶滤形成的,矿泉水水量丰富,水质优良,为含碘水苏打型矿泉水,但氟含量偏讥;为合理开发这一富足资源,可选用电渗析,倾析方法降低氟含量,并将其作为规模化含碘矿泉水生产的技术工艺。 相似文献
43.
Leslie M. Golden 《Icarus》1979,38(3):451-455
To account for surface roughness, the transmission of microwave radiation through a planetary surface to an observer is treated by a Monte Carlo technique. Sizable effects are found near the limb of the planet, and they should be included in analyses of high-resolution observations and high-precision integrated disk observations. 相似文献
44.
A one-dimensional model for thinning of the plasma sheet is developed on the basis of launching a fast mode MHD rarefaction wave propagating in the tailward direction along the plasma sheet. Behind the rarefaction wave the pressure is reduced, leading to thinning of the plasma sheet and also to an Earthward plasma flow with a speed on the order of the sound speed a0. The plasma sheet thickness is reduced by a factor of 2 if an Earthward plasma flow speed of 0.8a0 is induced. The predictions of the model are in reasonable agreement with observations. 相似文献
45.
46.
Summary Most finite-difference numerical weather prediction models employ vertical discretizations that are staggered, and are low-order (usually second-order) approximations for the important terms such as the derivation of the geopotential from the hydrostatic equation, and the calculation of the vertically integrated divergence. In a sigma-coordinate model the latter is used for computing both the surface pressure change and the vertical velocity. All of the above-mentioned variables can diminish the accuracy of the forecast if they are not calculated accurately, and can have an impact on related quantities such as precipitation.In this study various discretization schemes in the vertical are compared both in theory and in practice. Four different vertical grids are tested: one unstaggered and three staggered (including the widely-used Lorenz grid). The comparison is carried out by assessing the accuracy of the grids using vertical numerics that range from second-order up to sixth-order.The theoretical part of the study examines how faithfully each vertical grid reproduces the vertical modes of the governing equations linearized with a basic state atmosphere. The performance of the grids is evaluated for 2nd, 4th and 6th-order numerical schemes based on Lagrange polynomials, and for a 6th-ordercompact scheme.Our interpretation of the results of the theoretical study is as follows. The most important result is that the order of accuracy employed in the numerics seems to be more significant than the choice of vertical grid. There are differences between the grids at second-order, but these differences effectively vanish as the order of accuracy increases. The sixth-order schemes all produce very accurate results with the grids performing equally well, and with the compact scheme significantly outperforming the Lagrange scheme. A second major result is that for the number of levels typically used in current operational forecast models, second-order schemes (which are used almost universally) all appear to be relatively poor, for other than the lowest modes.The theoretical claims were confirmed in practice using a large number (100) of forecasts with the Australian Bureau of Meteorology Research Centre's operational model. By comparing test model forecasts using the four grids and the different orders of numerics with very high resolution control model forecasts, the results of the theoretical study seem to be corroborated.With 8 Figures 相似文献
47.
48.
Malika Kili Bouabid El Mansouri Jamal Chao Abderrahman Ait Fora 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2006,338(16):1194-1202
The Rharb basin is located in northwestern Morocco. It is a part of one of the most important hydrogeological basins of Morocco, and extends over some 4000 km2. The nature of its Plio-Quaternary sedimentary fill and its structural and palaeoenvironmental contexts are reflected by great variations in aerial and temporal facies distribution. This distribution, in turn, is a direct cause of the observed complexity in the geometry of potentially water-bearing beds. In the present work, we present an image of potential new hydrogeological reservoirs and define new structures that partially explain their architecture. To cite this article: M. Kili et al., C. R. Geoscience 338 (2006). 相似文献
49.
Debris flows have caused serious loss of human lives and a lot of damage to properties in Taiwan over the past decades. Moreover, debris flows have brought massive mud causing water pollution in reservoirs and resulted in water shortage for daily life locally and affected agricultural irrigation and industrial usages seriously. A number of methods for prediction of debris flows have been studied. However, the successful prediction ratio of debris flows cannot always maintain a stable and reliable level. The objective of this study is to present a stable and reliable analytical model for occurrence predictions of debris flows. This study proposes an Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) model that was constructed by seven significant factors using back-propagation (BP) algorithm. These seven factors include (1) length of creek, (2) average slope, (3) effective watershed area, (4) shape coefficient, (5) median size of soil grain, (6) effective cumulative rainfall, and (7) effective rainfall intensity. A total of 178 potential cases of debris flows collected in eastern Taiwan were fed into the ANN model for training and testing. The average ratio of successful prediction reaching 93.82% demonstrates that the presented ANN model with seven significant factors can provide a stable and reliable result for the prediction of debris flows in hazard mitigation and guarding systems. 相似文献
50.
As part of a broader process of inter-urban competition, city governments have increasingly sought to 'position' themselves as centres of creativity. In these branding initiatives, culture is viewed as a tool of urban regeneration and economic development. Our paper examines the case of Commerce Design Montréal, an annual design competition run by the City of Montréal, which aims to brand Montréal as a centre of design. Commerce Design Montréal is an example of a 'fast' policy initiated by the state, but carried out by business owners and citizens. As such, it represents a downloading of the responsibility for economic development to the private or individual scale and adopts only a partial view of the varied actors and uses that are implicated in the design process. The paper considers the opportunities and challenges that this model presents for promoting design as a form of urban regeneration in a neo-liberal context. 相似文献