Application of Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves to S-Phase Wave Anisotropy Estimation     

Iwona Stan-Kłeczek  Maciej J. Mendecki 《Acta Geophysica》2016,64(5):1593-1604

The Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) is an increasingly used technique for recognition of a shallow geological structure and estimation of geotechnical parameters, e.g., S-wave velocity, layer density, layer thickness, shear modulus, estimated P-wave velocity, and estimated Poisson ratio. MASW surveys were carried out in two limestone quarries in the southern part of Poland. The experimental areas are characterised by a simple geological structure: consolidated Triassic limestone. Measurement profiles were arranged as a shapely six-pointed star. For each survey line, 12 geophones with 2-meter (Deposit 1) and 3-meter (Deposit 2) spacing were applied. The research allowed to compare P- and S-wave velocity changes with the main crack systems in the studied rock masses.  相似文献   

Airborne Fungal Spores of Subalpine Zone of the Karkonosze and Izerskie Mountains （Poland）   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

Wojciech PUSZ  Wlodzimierz KITA  Andrzej DANCEWICZ  Ryszard WEBER 《山地科学学报》2013,10(6):940-952

The incidence of the airborne fungal spores was determined in the air of subalpine zone of the Karkonosze Mountains and of the Izerskie Mountains in the borderland between Poland and the Czech Republic. The experiment was conducted in 2011 and 2012 at three to four week intervals from May to October. Air samples were taken from three locations in the Karkonosze Mts. and one from the Izerskie Mts. To examine the air, the Air Ideal 3P sampler and acidified PDA medium were used. The results show that Cladosporium cladosporioides was the most abundant spore type in all the sampling locations （up to 30%）, followed by Alternaria alternata （16%-20%）, Fusarium （up to 10%） and Sclerotinia sclerotiorium （up to 6%）. The lower spore counts were recorded in May samples, compared to the other months. In this case the snow cover, that was still present in the area at the beginning of May, may be the reason for the lower, compared to June, July and August samplings, CFU （Colony Forming Unit） counts in that month.. The influx of air masses from SE, S and SW sectors in the area under study may affect dissemination of the plant-pathogenic fungi from the Czech Republic and from the South of Europe in general.  相似文献   

Decolourisation of Sugar Beet Molasses Vinasse by Ion Exchange     

Małgorzata Krzywonos  Aniceta Łapawa 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2012,40(12):1408-1414

Sugar beet molasses vinasse is a by‐product of ethanol fermentation from sugar beet molasses. Its dark brown colour, which is attributable to the presence of caramels, melanoidins and invert alkaline degradation products, cannot be removed by biological methods. The novelty of this work lies in the use of conventional strongly alkaline ion‐exchange resins for the decolourisation of sugar beet molasses vinasse. The aim of the study was to determine the efficiency of two strong‐base ion‐exchange resins, Dowex 2 and Wofatit ES, when used for the decolourisation of sugar beet molasses vinasse. Optimal conditions and extent of decolourisation were related to the concentration and pH of the vinasse, the time of reaction with the resin, and also to the dose and type of the resin used. The greatest extent of decolourisation (92%) was achieved with Wofatit ES dosed in the amount of 5 g/100 mL of 25% vinasse with an initial pH of 10. The optimal time of reaction with the resin indispensable for attaining the maximal effect of decolourisation was 1.5 h for both resins. The highest extent of reduction in chemical oxygen demand (43%) during decolourisation of 25% vinasse (pH 10) was obtained with Dowex 2.  相似文献   

A critical view of the environmental condition of the Sognefjord     

Manzetti S  Stenersen JH 《Marine pollution bulletin》2010,60(12):2167-2174

The world oceans and seas are experiencing a dramatic decline in their health and viability. In the midst of this crisis, the Norwegian fjords represent under-studied and highly vulnerable ecosystems. Fjord chemistry and fjord ecosystems are poorly studied given the current focus on polar ice melting, fish stock reductions and oil disasters. For this reason, this review sheds light on and aims to accumulate local and national findings concerning the current viability of the Sognefjord, the world's second longest fjord and Norway's longest and deepest fjord, stretching 205 km (127 miles) and reaching 1308 m below sea level as its deepest point. This review shows that there is a critical need to establish knowledge and parameters to better monitor and prevent an ecosystem catastrophe from developing in Norwegian fjords. The poor circulation in fjords compared to opens seas reduces their ability to circulate waste and transport fresh water from hydroelectricity plants. Because of fjord morphology, pollutants and heavy metals are potentially trapped within them at great depths for decades. The monitoring of Norwegian fjords is thus of fundamental importance.  相似文献   

The Metamorphic Evolution and Tectonic Significance of the Sumdo High and Ultrahigh Pressure Metamorphic Terrane, Central-South Lhasa Block, Tibet     

ZHAGN Cong  Thomas BADER  Herman van ROERMUND  YANG Jingsui  SHEN Tingting  QIU Tian  LI Peng 《《地质学报》英文版》2017,91(Z1):52-52

Asthemaintectoniccomponentofthe Himalayan–Tibetan orogen,the Lhasa terrane has received much attention as it records the entire history of the orogeny.The occurrence of high pressure eclogite in the Sumdo complex in central Lhasa terrane has a significant importance on the understanding of the Paleo-Tethys subduction and plate itineration processes in this area.The petrological,geochemical and geochronological data of eclogite and associated blueschist and garnet-bearing mica schist from Sumdo,Jilang and Bailang area have been briefly reviewed to explore the origin and metamorphic evolution of this suture.Eclogites from the Sumdo complex have experienced low temperature,high pressure to ultrahigh pressure metamorphism,revealing a fastsubduction and exhumation process in a typical oceanic subduction zone.The large P-T range between different eclogites in the literature may be affected by the big error of unappropriated using geothermobarometry and may also because of slices of subducted blocks derived from different depths juxtapose together during exhumation.By summarizing the U-Pb,Lu-Hf and Sm-Nd ages of eclogites,the eclogite facies metamorphism is likely to occur in early Triassic during 245-225 Ma,but not the previously accepted late Permian at ca.260 Ma by the reinterpretation of the former geochronological data from literature.The opening of Paleo-Tethys Ocean between the Lhasa terrane initiate prior to ca.280 Ma and ultimate closure to integrate the Lhasa terrane was no earlier than225 Ma and may triggered by the initial subduction of Bangong-Nujiang Tethys Ocean in the north.  相似文献   

About Herman Bouwer     

Bouwer H 《Ground water》2003,41(5):709-713

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Resik: A Bent Crystal X-ray Spectrometer for Studies of Solar Coronal Plasma Composition     

J. Sylwester  I. Gaicki  Z. Kordylewski  M. Kowaliński  S. Nowak  S. Płocieniak  M. Siarkowski  B. Sylwester  W. Trzebiński  J. Bakała  J. L. Culhane  M. Whyndham  R. D. Bentley  P. R. Guttridge  K. J. H. Phillips  J. Lang  C. M. Brown  G. A. Doschek  V. D. Kuznetsov  V. N. Oraevsky  A. I. Stepanov  D. V. Lisin 《Solar physics》2005,226(1):45-72

We describe the RESIK (REntgenovsky Spektrometr s Izognutymi Kristalami) instrument, consisting of two double-channel X-ray spectrometers, designed to observe solar active region and flare plasmas. RESIK is one of the instruments making up the scientific payload of the Russian CORONAS-F solar mission. The uncollimated spectrometer uses two silicon and two quartz bent crystals observing flare, active region and coronal spectra in four wavelength bands with a resolving power (/ ) of 1000. The wavelength coverage, 3.3–6.1 Å, includes emission lines of Si, S, Cl, Ar, and K and in the third diffraction order, the wavelength range includes He-like Fe lines (1.85 Å) and Ni lines (1.55 Å) with dielectronic satellites, emitted during intense, hot flares. The instrument is believed to be the best calibrated space-borne crystal spectrometer flown to date. The spectrometer dynamically adjusts the data gathering intervals from 1 s to 5 minutes, depending on the level of solar X-ray emission at the time of observation. The principal aims of RESIK are the measurements of relative and absolute element abundances in the emitting plasma and the temperature distribution of plasma (differential emission measure) over the temperature interval 3 and 50 MK. This paper summarizes the scientific objectives of RESIK and describes the design, characteristics, and performance of the instrument.  相似文献   

Andrusz, G.; Harloe, M.; Szelenyi, I. (eds.) Cities after socialism. Urban and regional change and conflict in post- socialist societies.     

Herman van der Wusten 《GeoJournal》1997,42(4):465-467

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Editorial note     

Herman van der Wusten  Olga Gritsai 《GeoJournal》1996,38(1):v-v

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On the cosmological red shift     

Stanisław Bellert 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1970,7(2):211-230

The paper is an extension of this author's hypothesis, presented inAstrophys. Space Sci. 3 (1969), 268, which explains the red shift in terms of a geometry of static space and stationary observers. The author introduces here the notions of metric with an observer, observed distance and space of observations; he considers the problem of the equivalence of stationary observers and discusses the relation between the hypothesis, the special theory of relativity and Maxwell equations. Attention is drawn to the agreement between the hypothesis and the experimental results discussed by Shamir and Fox, and those discussed by Kennedy and Thorndike.  相似文献