Origins of high pH mineral waters from ultramafic rocks, Central Portugal     

Jos M. Marques  Paula M. Carreira  Maria Rosrio Carvalho  Maria J. Matias  Fraser E. Goff  Maria J. Basto  Rui C. Graa  Luís Aires-Barros  Luís Rocha 《Applied Geochemistry》2008,23(12):3278-3289

This paper reviews the geochemical, isotopic (²H, ¹⁸O, ¹³C, ³H and ¹⁴C) and numerical modelling approaches to evaluate possible geological sources of the high pH (11.5)/Na–Cl/Ca–OH mineral waters from the Cabeço de Vide region (Central-Portugal). Water–rock interaction studies have greatly contributed to a conceptual hydrogeological circulation model of the Cabeço de Vide mineral waters, which was corroborated by numerical modelling approaches. The local shallow groundwaters belong to the Mg–HCO₃ type, and are derived by interaction with the local serpentinized rocks. At depth, these type waters evolve into the high pH/Na–Cl/Ca–OH mineral waters of Cabeço de Vide spas, issuing from the intrusive contact between mafic/ultramafic rocks and an older carbonate sequence. The Cabeço de Vide mineral waters are supersaturated with respect to serpentine indicating that they may cause serpentinization. Magnesium silicate phases (brucite and serpentine) seem to control Mg concentrations in Cabeço de Vide mineral waters. Similar δ²H and δ¹⁸O suggest a common meteoric origin and that the Mg–HCO₃ type waters have evolved towards Cabeço de Vide mineral waters. The reaction path simulations show that the progressive evolution of the Ca–HCO₃ to Mg–HCO₃ waters can be attributed to the interaction of meteoric waters with serpentinites. The sequential dissolution at CO₂ (g) closed system conditions leads to the precipitation of calcite, magnesite, amorphous silica, chrysotile and brucite, indicating that the waters would be responsible for the serpentinization of fresh ultramafic rocks (dunites) present at depth. The apparent age of Cabeço de Vide mineral waters was determined as 2790 ± 40 a BP, on the basis of ¹⁴C and ¹³C values, which is in agreement with the ³H concentrations being below the detection limit.  相似文献   

Biogeochemical characteristics of the Hetai goldfield, Guangdong Province, China     

Li Miao  Ruisong Xu  Yueliang Ma  Jinhong Xu  Jie Wang  Rui Cai  Yu Chen   《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》2008,96(1):43-52

In the Hetai goldfield, Guangdong Province, China, samples including rocks, soils and leaves of four plants (Pinus massoniana, Rhodomyrms tomenlosa, D. linearis var. dichotoma and Embelia laeta) collected from the gold mineralization zone and the background area were analyzed for Au, Ag, Cu, Pb, Zn, Hg, As and physiological parameters. The objective of this investigation is to study the geochemical and biogeochemical characteristics of studied plants, aiming at biogeochemical methods in Au exploration. The goldfield region shows geochemical and biogeochemical anomalies. Abundances of Au in rocks, soils, plants and the leaf pigments in the mineralized area are much higher than those in the surrounding region. The plants display unhealthy physiological and ecological characteristics in the Hetai goldfield area. The cell structures of the goldfield plants were anomalous and aberrant, and there were many nano-metal particles diffused in mitochondria and chloroplasts. Macro- and microscopic evidences of the vegetation in the goldfield areas are distinctly different from the background regions. The strongly anomalies in responses to Au are profound in further geochemical and botanic exploration studies.  相似文献   

Geostatistical estimation of chemical contamination in stream sediments: The case study of Vale das Gatas mine (northern Portugal)     

A.R. Salgueiro  P. Freire vila  H. Garcia Pereira  J.M. Santos Oliveira 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》2008,98(1-2):15

Based on an environmental geochemistry case study carried out in the neighbourhood of a W–Sn abandoned mine, the pollution in stream sediments was modelled through a Global Contamination Index. Such an index permits one to summarize the combination of deleterious elements in a single variable, obtained by the projection of samples onto the first axis of a PCASD (Principal Components Analysis of Standardized Data) applied to the entire n × p matrix containing the available concentrations of p = 16 elements in the set of n = 220 collected samples.In order to provide a sound basis for a coherent planning of the remediation process which will be put in operation in the affected area, it is necessary to balance the costs of reclaiming with the probabilities of exceeding the upper limits accepted for concentrations of environmentally harmful elements in sediments. Given these limits, they are back-transformed in the index values, providing a practical threshold between ‘clean’ and ‘contaminated’ samples. On the other hand, the minimum dimension of the cell to be reclaimed is restrained by the selected remediation process to be applied in the affected area. Hence, to meet the constraints of such a remediation process, it is required to estimate the probabilities of exceeding the index threshold in technologically meaningful sub-areas. For this end, the Indicator Block Kriging technique was applied, producing a series of maps where sub-areas to be reclaimed can be spotted for different probability levels. These maps, on which the decision making remediation agency can rely for its cost-benefit analysis, take into account both the spatial structure of ‘clean’ vs. ‘contaminated’ samples and the constraints of the reclaiming process.  相似文献   

广州地区深基坑支护形式研究     

王岭  王睿 《探矿工程》2008,35(11):42-47

介绍了广州地区基坑支护近年来的主要类型及其适用范围,并在分析选型各影响因素的基础上,总结出设计选型的要点。  相似文献   

碱性磷酸酶在文昌鱼体内的分布     

王锐  张士璀 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2001,31(1):81

采用组化方法首次探讨碱性磷酸酶在文昌鱼体内的分布。结果发现 :碱性磷酸酶存在于腹褶部分表皮、围腮腔上皮、构成背鳍腔的内皮、肌膜、中肠腔和肝盲囊腔细胞纹状缘、生殖上皮和精原细胞中  相似文献   

压力传感器的自动标定技术     

王莉娜  赵先龙  阮锐  严晓明 《海洋测绘》2007,27(4):78-80

针对压力测量设备生产和维护过程中,对关键部件压力传感器标定处于手工操作状态、效率低、操作人员不易掌控、标定结果处置复杂的现状,开发了针对压力传感器的自动标定技术。该技术将计算机控制、智能化、曲线拟合和误差分析引入到压力传感器的标定过程中,大幅度提高了标定的效率和可靠性。经此技术标定过的压力探头,在使用中具有互换性,减轻了数据后处理工作的难度。  相似文献   

A new methodology developed by cetena to assess the seakeeping behaviour of marine vessels     

B. Chil  G. Sartori  R. Santos 《Ocean Engineering》1986,13(3)

The paper describes an analytical method to determine an operability index for a marine vehicle when its geometric characteristics, the geographical area in which the vessel is supposed to operate, and the limiting criteria for operations are known. The computer program based on strip theory provides reliable results not only for conventional hullforms, but also for catamarans, offshore vehicles, etc. The results are presented in the form of figures for different vessels, namely, crane barge, naval vessels and SWATH type catamarans. The authors are of the opinion that the proposed method would provide the designer with a valid tool to improve the seakeeping qualities of a vessel, while taking into account the limiting conditions imposed due to seaway operations.  相似文献   

壳聚糖酶高产菌株的筛选和发酵条件的研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

孙玉英  韩宝芹  刘万顺  张继泉  姚如永  彭睿 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2007,37(2):266-272

从采集的土样中分离到1株产壳聚糖酶能力较强的菌株OU01,并对OU01进行了16S rDNA序列、形态及生理生化鉴定分析。16S rDNA序列分析表明该菌属于微杆菌属;该菌的形态特征与生理生化鉴定结果表明该菌与Microbacteriumsp.的相似性最高;因此将其初步鉴定为微杆菌属(Microbacterium)。同时对该菌的发酵条件进行了初步研究:该菌的最适培养基组成为(g/L):chitosan 10,(NH4)2SO420,MgSO4.7H2O 1.3,K2HPO4.3H2O 1.4,Glucose 1,Yeast extract 3,NaCl 5,起始pH=6.30。最适发酵温度为30℃,最佳发酵时间为96 h,在上述最优条件下,该菌株产酶达到118 U/mL。Microbacteri-umsp.OU01菌株为壳聚糖酶的研究和应用提供了新的来源。  相似文献   

高精度实验室盐度计测量结果的不确定度分析     

贾伟广  高占科  田锐 《海洋技术学报》2007,26(1):89-92,100

为了使高精度实验室盐度计的检定、校准工作更加科学、准确、合理,在此对高精度实验室盐度计验收过程进行分析,然后根据数据处理规则和JJF1059-1999《测量不确定度评定与表示》,对测量结果的不确定度进行了详细的分析和评定。  相似文献   

AUTOSAL 8400B实验室盐度计的检测方法     

程绍华  田锐  朱海庆 《海洋技术学报》2007,26(1):93-95

盐度是海洋水文监测中一个重要被测参量,高质量盐度数据的重要性已经在远海调查和近海调查中被认知。大部分的盐度监测数据是通过现场多参数监测仪器(如CTD)获取的,而实验室盐度测量依然是获得高精度盐度数据的有效方法。AUTOSAL 8400B实验室盐度计是加拿大Guildline仪器公司研制开发的一种高精度的测量海水电导率比值的仪器,其测盐最大允许误差可达到±0.002 psu,经常被用于标准海水的定值和CTD仪器的校准。我国国内引进了不少该型仪器,为了把好其质量关,国家海洋标准计量中心研发了一套对该仪器进行科学的检测的方法。  相似文献