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81.
“东半球空间环境地基综合监测子午链”(简称子午工程)是我国空间科学领域开工建设的第一个国家重大基础设施项目。子午工程利用沿东半球120°E子午线附近和北纬30°N附近的15个综合性观测台站,运用无线电、地磁、光学和探空火箭等多种探测手段,连续监测地球表面20—30km以上到几百公里的中高层大气、电离层和磁层,以及十几个地球半径以外的行星际的空间环境参数。它将为我国各类用户提供完整、连续、可靠的多学科、多层次的空间环境地基综合监测数据。子午工程总投资1.67亿元,建设期3年,子午工程整体科学寿命预计超过11年。 相似文献
82.
通过对青藏高原东北部黄河源开展广泛细致的野外考察,选择位于玛曲段黄河左岸第二级河流阶地(T2)之上,赋存典型风成黄土-古土壤序列的达尔琼东(DEQ-E)剖面进行系统采样。在室内对采集样品进行了磁化率、烧失量、吸湿水、粒度、土壤微形态、地球化学元素和光释光(OSL)测年等综合分析,结论表明:(1)黄河源玛曲段DEQ-E剖面地层序列由上至下依次为现代草甸土层(MS)-全新世中期古土壤层(S0)-全新世早期过渡性黄土层(Lt)-阶地漫滩相沉积层(T2-al);(2)黄河源玛曲段DEQ-E剖面风成黄土-古土壤序列风化成壤强度呈现出全新世中期古土壤层(S0)>全新世早期过渡性黄土层(Lt)>现代草甸土层(MS)的变化特征;(3)黄河源全新世的古气候演变可分为3个阶段:全新世早期(11000 a BP—9000 a BP),西风势力减弱,东亚夏季风逐步增强,气温趋于变暖,降水有所增加;全新世中期(9000 a BP—3100 a BP),东亚夏季风作用强盛,气候整体温暖湿润;全新世晚期(3100 a BP以来),东亚夏季风衰退,西风势力有所增强,导致气候转向干冷。该研究成果有助于理解青... 相似文献
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84.
Based on the field data acquired in the program of fast ice observation off Zhongshan Station, Prydz Bay, East Antarctica during the austral summer 2005/ 2006, physical properties evolution of fast ice during the ice ablation season is analyzed in detail. Results show that the annual maximum ice thickness in 2005 occurred in later November, and then ice started to reek, and the ablation duration was 62 days; sea water under the ice became warmer synchronously; corresponding to the warming sea ice temperature, a "relative cold mid-layer" appeared in sea ice; the fast ice marginal line recoiled back to the shore observably, and the recoil distance was 20.9 km from 18 December 2005 through 14 January 2006. In addition, based on the data of sea ice thickness survey along the investigation course of MV Xuelong on December 18 of 2005, the ice thickness distribution paten in the marginal ice zone have been described : sea ice thickness increased, but the diversity of floe ice thick-ness decreased from open water to fast ice zone distinctly. 相似文献
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86.
对2014—2016年中国国家气象中心T639数值预报、日本细网格数值预报、欧洲中心细网格(EC thin)数值预报以及天津市乡镇指导预报产品中在天津地区降水预报分别进行检验。结果表明:所有模式降水的晴雨预报准确率均随预报时效的延长而下降。降水预报准确率在秋冬春季的预报效果明显好于夏季。EC thin产品在冬季降水的预报中优势更为明显,而指导预报及T639对5月、6月及9月天津地区局地降水多发期的降水更有指示意义。针对2014—2016年天津地区的23个暴雨日按影响系统分型并统计检验结果,暴雨日降水预报晴雨成绩较好有参考价值,而降水分级检验偏差较大。相对于局地性暴雨过程,区域性的暴雨过程数值预报有更为可靠的参考性。 相似文献
87.
Phenological changes in crops affect efficient agricultural production and can be used as important biological indicators of local and regional climate change. Although crop phenological changes and their responses to climate change, especially temperature, have been investigated, the impact of agronomic practice such as cultivar shifts and planted date changes on crop phenology remains unclear. Here, we used a long-term dataset (1981–2010) of wheat phenology and associated local weather data from 48 agro-meteorological stations in four temperature zones in China to analyze phenological changes of spring and winter wheat. Trend analysis method was used to estimate changes in the date of growth stages and the duration of growth phases, while sensitivity analysis method was used to qualify the response of growth phase duration to mean temperature (Tmean), total precipitation (PRE), and total sunshine duration (SSD). Using the Crop Environment Resource Synthesis-wheat model, we isolated the impacts of climate change, cultivar selection, and sowing date on phenological change of wheat. Results show that phenological changes were greatest in the warm-temperate zone. Sensitivity analysis indicates that growth phase duration was generally negatively related to Tmean and positively related to PRE and SSD. The positive sensitivity response to Tmean occurred in the tillering to jointing and sowing to maturity growth periods in the warmer temperature zones, suggesting that warmer temperatures during the overwintering period hampered effective vernalization in winter wheat. Modeling results further indicate that reductions in wheat growth duration caused by climate change could be offset by the introduction of new cultivars with high thermal requirements and accelerated with delayed sowing date. 相似文献
88.
Zhang Shimin Dou Suqin 《地壳构造与地壳应力文集》1997,(1)
一、引言大同第四纪火山群位于山西省大同县和阳高县境内(图1),包括近5年来在大峪口,秋林地区首次发现的6个小火山。该火山群大、小火山共计31个。大同火山群南以六棱山北麓断裂为界,分布于大同盆地东部的第四纪沉积区范围。火山群南侧的六棱山和北部的小北山是由前寒武花岗片麻岩组成的山地。 相似文献
89.
鱼类的耳石信息分析及生活史重建——理论、方法与应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
耳石(Otolith)是硬骨鱼类(Teleosts)在生长过程中沉积在内耳中的结石,主要矿物成分是CaCO3起声音接收和平衡定向作用。其内部轮纹(日轮Daily ring或年轮Annul ring)像在其他海洋动物特定钙化组织(如瓣鰓类外壳、珊瑚骨骼、多毛类颌骨、乌贼内壳、哺乳动物牙齿)中的轮纹一样随鱼类的发育而生长,并沉积着现场水环境中的主要化学元素。由于在形成过程中其轮纹形态结构与化学组成相当稳定,记录了鱼类个体生活过程中丰富的生物物理化学环境信息,所以,耳石信息分析可以揭示鱼类的生活史及其所经历的环境变化。在目前,耳石信息分析的应用涵盖了鱼类生态学研究的诸多方面,如鱼类的孵化和早期发育生长、产卵场和产卵期判定、仔鱼的运输过程(Larval transportation、年龄鉴定与种群鉴定(Age determination & population discrimination)、个体迁移(Migration)等。近年来,随着相关科学和技术的发展,它已经成为一种揭示鱼类生活史、生活史重建(Recastruction of life history)以及海洋环境域变(Regime shift)的关键技术,也是国际上渔业科学和海洋环境科学的研究热点。过去10年内三次国际鱼类耳石学术会议的成功举办(1993 Maryland-USA,Secor et al,1995a,1998- Bergen-Norway Fossum et al,2000;2004- Townsville Australia Begg et al,2005)大大推进了该研究领域的发展。其研究方向主要包括年龄鉴定与验证、显微结构分析(Microstructure)和微化学分析(Microchemistry)(Stevenson et al.,1992 ;Secor et al..1995a, Fossum et.al, 2000; Campana 1999, 2001; Elsdon et al, 2003a, b;Begg et al, 2005 )等。 相似文献
90.
The morphological evolution characteristics of the North-South Passage area since the construction of the Yangtze Estuary Deepwater Navigation Channel Project(DNCP) are analyzed on the basis of the measured data. A twodimensional morphodynamics numerical model of the Yangtze Estuary is established to verify the morphological evolution of the North-South Passage under the influence of the DNCP and to predict the future evolution in the next 40 years. Data analysis shows that the North Passage has experienced rapid adjustment stages and adaptive stages after the construction of the DNCP. Slow erosion occurred along the main channel, and slow siltation could be observed in the area between the groins. The South Passage showed a state of upper section erosion and down section deposition. At present, the whole South Passage is in a slight erosion state. According to the numerical model, the eroding and silting speed of the North Passage will slow down in the future. The present state that erosion occurs in the main channel and siltation occurs between the groins will continue. The South Passage will still maintain upper section erosion and down section deposition in the future. Due to the main channel erosion of the North Passage and siltation of the South Passage, the sediment division ratio of the North Passage will increase in the future but still be smaller than 50%. After morphological evolution of 40 years, the direction of residual sediment transport caused by M2 and M4 tidal components in the North Passage has not changed, but the transport rate will decrease. It is considered that the morphological evolution of the North-South Passage could reach a relatively stable state after 40 years. 相似文献