精密水准测量中重力改正的归算     

顾赟 《东北测绘》2013,(2):157-158,162

传统水准测量是高精度水准测量的重要手段之一。文章基于DiNi电子水准仪测量数据,针对长距离、高精度水准测量高程的多值性,对水准面不平行改正和重力异常改正的原理进行详述。将其应用于某城市二等水准网平差计算中,证明了精密水准改正的有效性和必要性。  相似文献   

Near real-time high-resolution airborne camera,AEROCam, for precision agriculture     

Xiaodong Zhang  Ho Jin Kim  Clinton Streeter  David A. Claypool  Ramesh Sivanpillai  Santhosh Seelan 《国际地球制图》2013,28(7):537-551

Precision agriculture often relies on high-resolution imagery to delineate the variability within a field. Airborne Environmental Research Observational Camera (AEROCam) was designed to meet the needs of agriculture producers, ranchers, and researchers, who require high-resolution imagery in a near real-time environment for rapid decision support. AEROCam was developed and operated through a unique collaboration between several departments at the University of North Dakota, including the Upper Midwest Aerospace Consortium (UMAC), the School of Engineering and Mines, and flight operations at the John D. Odegard School of Aerospace Sciences. AEROCam consists of a Redlake MS4100 area-scan multi-spectral digital camera that features a 1920 × 1080 CCD array (7.4-μm detector) with 8-bit quantization. When operated at ～2 km above ground level, multispectral images with four bands in the visible and near infrared have a ground sample distance of 1 m with a horizontal extent of just over 1.6 km. Depending on the applications, flying at different altitudes can adjust the spatial resolution from 0.25 to 2 m. Rigorous spectral and radiometric calibrations allow AEROCam to be used in a variety of applications, qualitative and quantitative. Equipped with an inertial measurement unit (IMU) system, the images acquired can be geo-referenced automatically and delivered to end users near real time through our Digital Northern Great Plains system (DNGP). The images are also available to zone mapping application for precision farming (ZoneMAP), an online decision support tool for creating management zones from remote sensing imagery and data from other sources. Operational since 2004, AEROCam has flown over 250 sorties and delivered over 150,000 images to the users in the Northern Great Plains region, resulting in numerous applications in precision agriculture and resource management.  相似文献   

Understanding Third Pole Atmospheric Dynamics and Land Surface Processes and Their Associations with the Cryosphere,Air Quality,and Climate Change     

Yun Qian  Hailong Wang  Chuanfeng Zhao  Chun Zhao  Siyu Chen  Xiao-Ming Hu  Shichang Kang 《大气科学进展》2022,39(7):1017-1020

  相似文献   

从“75·8”到“21·7”的思考     

李泽椿  谌芸  王新敏 《气象与环境科学》2022,45(2):1-13

  相似文献   

Mechanisms of tropical precipitation biases in climate models     

Kim  Hanjun  Kang  Sarah M.  Takahashi  Ken  Donohoe  Aaron  Pendergrass  Angeline G. 《Climate Dynamics》2021,56(1-2):17-27

Climate Dynamics - We investigate the possible causes for inter-model spread in tropical zonal-mean precipitation pattern, which is divided into hemispherically symmetric and anti-symmetric modes...  相似文献   

波浪渗流力对泥沙起动的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

程永舟  蒋昌波  潘昀  李青峰 《水科学进展》2012,23(2):256-262

海岸泥沙起动的力学机理十分复杂。首先理论分析了波浪作用下床面泥沙颗粒所受的主要作用力,然后将上举力和有效重力分别与渗流力进行比较分析。计算结果表明渗流力随着波高的变化其方向也发生向上或向下的变化,渗流力与上举力和有效重力之间存在着相位差,不同粒径的泥沙在一个周期内均有一时段渗流力远大于上举力;对于渗透系数小的细颗粒泥沙,渗流力远大于泥沙颗粒的上举力和有效重力。进一步通过水槽试验分析了不同波浪参数作用下孔隙水压力梯度对泥沙起动的影响,试验结果表明波浪渗流力对海床细颗粒泥沙的起动有着重要作用,特别是在分析长周期波浪作用下细颗粒泥沙起动规律时,需考虑波浪引起的渗流力影响。  相似文献   

砂岩储层中原生孔隙的破坏与保存机制研究进展   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

胡作维  李云  黄思静  吕杰  朱炳光 《地球科学进展》2012,27(1):14-25

埋藏条件下原生孔隙的破坏与保存机制是含油气盆地砂岩储层质量研究的一个核心领域,其在油气地质学研究中的意义不言而喻。与次生孔隙的形成与保存机制相比,影响原生孔隙破坏与保存的因素有着其特殊的复杂性和多样性。在总结国内外研究进展的基础上,试图深入理解不同成岩机制在砂岩储层原生孔隙破坏与保存中的意义和作用,包括破坏机制（如机械压实、胶结作用等）和保存机制（如地层超压、颗粒包膜、盐体侵位和烃类占位等）。目前难以实现砂岩储层质量钻前准确预测的一个困难在于无法明确原生孔隙演化的动力和过程,将来成岩作用、流体作用、沉积过程和盆地演化的更紧密结合可能是解决砂岩储层原生孔隙破坏与保存机制研究中最有希望的发展方向之一。  相似文献   

粤西石菉铜钼矿床Re-Os同位素年龄及其地质意义   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7       下载免费PDF全文

赵海杰  郑伟 余长发胡耀国田 云 《中国地质》2012,39(6):1604-1613

粤西阳春盆地石菉铜钼矿床发育有氧化型铜及矽卡岩型铜钼矿体,矽卡岩型矿体在成因上与石菉花岗闪长岩相关。本文通过对辉钼矿化石英脉中的辉钼矿进行Re-Os同位素定年,结果显示,5件辉钼矿化石英脉获得较一致的模式年龄,介于(104±1.5)Ma-(104.6±1.5)Ma之间,加权平均值为(104.34±0.66)Ma,对应的等时线年龄为(104.1±1.3)Ma,略晚于成矿相关的花岗闪长岩的侵入年龄(107±0.72 Ma),表明成矿作用发生在早白垩世晚期。结合已有的研究成果认为,石菉矽卡岩型铜钼矿床形成滞后于阳春盆地内侏罗纪铜铁矿床近50 Ma,是华南白垩纪大规模成矿作用的一部分,其与区内侏罗纪铜铁矿床形成不同的构造背景,石菉铜钼矿床形成于岩石圈伸展拉张的背景。  相似文献   

下刚果盆地重力滑脱构造发育特征及演化规律     

李涛  胡望水  何瑶瑶  陈川  赵芸  饶勇 《大地构造与成矿学》2012,36(2):197-203

论述了西非被动大陆边缘下刚果盆地重力滑脱构造的发育特征及演化规律。下刚果盆地早白垩世至今的被动大陆边缘阶段主要发育重力滑脱构造,可分为上陆坡的重力滑脱伸展构造、中陆坡和下陆坡的重力滑脱底辟构造、下陆坡-深海平原转换区的重力滑脱冲断构造。一期完整的重力滑脱构造演化模式为从早到晚由陆向海逐渐发育的前展式发育模式,即最早发育高部位的重力滑脱伸展构造、其次发育中部的重力滑脱底辟构造、最后发育低部位的重力滑脱冲断构造。下刚果盆地总共发育两期重力滑脱构造,分别是早白垩世阿尔布期(Albian)-渐新世的第一期(早期)重力滑脱构造,中新世至今的第二期(晚期)重力滑脱构造。这两期重力滑脱构造之间呈现出从早到晚由陆向海发育的前展式结构,即晚期的重力滑脱构造位于早期重力滑脱构造的向海一侧。  相似文献   

Social perception and response to the drought process: a case study of the drought during 2009–2010 in the Qianxi’nan Prefecture of Guizhou Province     

Su Yun  Yin Jun  Shen Hong 《Natural Hazards》2012,64(1):839-851

Studies carried out on the drought process, which can be classed as a gradual disaster, can help us to understand the disaster mechanism and offer strategies for disaster prevention. This paper uses the example of the drought in the Qianxi??nan Prefecture of Guizhou Province from July 2009 to May 2010. Data have been collected from government gazetteers, meteorological monitoring data, and field surveys to build up a sequence of meteorological drought indices. The categorization of the victims?? perception of drought impact, and the stages of drought responses of different subjects (government, social organizations, and the public), has also been examined by the same way. By contrasting the differences between the metrological drought indices, and victims?? perception of drought impact, researchers explored the drought cognition features of victims, social response features, and dynamic relationships between drought development and social responses. The results were as follows: The drought evolution process could be divided into 6 phases, and victims?? perception of drought impact could be divided into 7 phases. They were consistent in time period, and the victims?? perception of drought was subjective and based on their direct experiences. Their response has the characteristics of long term and concentration on a time. The responses of government and social organizations obviously fell behind those of victims, but they were effective and intensive in both timescale and effort. As the drought developed, responses shifted from individual to social responses and from practical to economic, political, and technological responses. On the basis of the results, the author has suggested methods of preparing stakeholders against possible drought risks.  相似文献