基于高光谱资料对FY-1C/1D气象卫星进行交叉定标     

漆成莉  胡秀清  张里阳  董超华 《气象学报》2012,70(4):892-901

介绍了利用AQUA卫星高光谱AIRS资料对FY-1C、FY-1D气象卫星热红外通道进行交叉定标的方法及定标结果。首先利用卫星轨道预报软件预报出AQUA与FY-1C以及AQUA与FY-1D卫星交叉点,再对交叉区域卫星资料进行像元投影和像元匹配,像元匹配包括时间、观测角度、环境均匀性等检验。以AIRS探测结果作为辐射基准,利用其观测值和FY-1卫星热红外通道光谱响应函数进行光谱匹配,最终得到FY-1卫星热红外通道的准真值并与FY-1卫星的业务产品进行比较分析。对FY-1C、FY-1D两年多卫星资料进行多次交叉比对,结果表明FY-1C通道4比AIRS观测亮温低1.3K左右,通道5低3.6K左右;而FY-1D通道4比AIRS观测亮温低0.3K左右,通道5低3.6K左右。这个准真值与FY-1观测的计数值进行再定标得到新的定标系数。  相似文献   

Soil CO2 efflux, carbon dynamics, and change in thermal conditions from contrasting clear-cut sites during natural restoration and uncut larch forests in northeastern China     

Yuan-Gang Zu  Wen-Jie Wang  Hui-Mei Wang  Wei Liu  Song Cui  Takayoshi Koike 《Climatic change》2009,96(1-2):137-159

With the implementation of the Chinese Natural Forest Conservation Program (NFCP) in 1998, over millions of hectares of forest in northeastern China have been protected through natural restoration (closure of hills). The impact of this program on the carbon budget of soil has not been evaluated until now. This paper presents results from a 6-year study of total CO₂ efflux from both soil and litter (R _total), CO₂ flux from soil (R _soil), soil organic matter (SOM), soil microbe density, and litter input and root biomass at an uncut larch (Larix gmelinii) forest and at a natural restoration site. The natural restoration area is a clear-cut site that was formerly part of a continuous portion of the uncut larch forest. Our objectives were to: (1) quantify the magnitude of CO₂ efflux from typical sites in northeastern China; (2) explore the changes in thermal conditions, SOM, and annual CO₂ flux during the 6-year natural restoration, and (3) evaluate the impact of NFCP on soil carbon processes. The annual R _soil at the clear-cut site (58.6–68.2 mol m^???2 year^???1) was 113.6–228.4% (mean 141.5%) higher than that at the uncut larch site (29.6–58.4 mol m^???2 year^???1). At the same time, annual CO₂ from litter at the clear-cut site (2.0–14.2 mol m^???2 year^???1) was only 23.5–84.5% (mean 52.5%) of that at the uncut larch site (5.4–16.8 mol m^???2 year^???1). SOM at the surface layer of the clear-cut site was 75% of that at the uncut larch site, but the soil microbial biomass (carbon) at the clear-cut site was much higher than that at the larch site (p?<?0.05). The percentage of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes also were largely different between both sites. Natural restoration at the clear-cut site strongly affected thermal conditions. Although the soil temperature (T _soil) and effective accumulated $T_{\rm soil} > 0^{\circ}$ C at the clear-cut site was much higher, the temperature sensitivity (Q ₁₀) was much lower than that at the uncut larch site, and their differences decreased linearly from 2001 to 2006 (p?<?0.05). Moreover, Q ₁₀ at the clear-cut site significantly increased with the progress of natural restoration, which diminished the Q ₁₀ difference between the two sites (slope?=???0.2792, r ²?=?0.4744, p?<?0.05). These data imply that the NFCP natural restoration process has positively recovered the thermal condition of the clear-cut site to the level of uncut larch forest during the 6-year period. However, linear regression analysis showed that the 6-year natural restoration only slightly affected the annual soil CO₂ efflux and SOM at both sites, and also did not diminish the differences between the two sites (p?>?0.10), indicating that a much longer time is necessary to restore the soil carbon in the clear-cut site.  相似文献   

长江经济带开发区空间分布与产业集聚特征研究   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

唐承丽  陈伟杨  吴佳敏  周国华  王美霞  郭夏爽 《地理科学》2020,40(4):657-664

采用最近邻指数、Ripley’s L 函数、核密度估计等方法分析长江经济带开发区的空间分布与产业集聚特征,结果表明:① 长江经济带开发区总体上呈东密西疏、东强西弱、东中西段分异的显著集聚分布特征;② 基于主导产业划分的各类开发区在空间上均为集聚分布,集聚强度和规模随距离的增加基本都呈“先增加后减小”的规律,集聚形态各异,主要有“单核心”“双核心”“多核心”3种;③ 长江经济带东段地区主要以装备制造、通信电子、汽车制造、新材料、生物医药等资本技术密集型产业集聚为主,中、西段地区则集聚了化学工业、金属加工、食品制造、纺织服装等资本与劳动密集型产业。要加强经济带上中下游开发区之间的多维良性互动,注重绿色发展、创新发展与结构优化,进一步提升其对长江经济带高质量发展的引领与支撑作用。  相似文献   

Feasibility of Re-injecting the Production Effluent from Alkali–Surfactant–Polymer Flooding Systems Back into a Reservoir to Further Improve Oil Recovery     

Zhang  Chengli  Hu  Bozhou  Wang  Peng  Fu  Xiaofei  Song  Guoliang  Liu  Haoliang 《Natural Resources Research》2020,29(3):2191-2207

Natural Resources Research - Alkali–surfactant–polymer (ASP)-produced effluent contains polymer, alkali and surfactant, and it has higher content of suspended oil droplets and suspended...  相似文献   

Global ionospheric electron density estimation based on multisource TEC data assimilation     

She  Chengli  Wan  Weixing  Yue  Xinan  Xiong  Bo  Yu  You  Ding  Feng  Zhao  Biqiang 《GPS Solutions》2017,21(3):1125-1137

GPS Solutions - We developed a parameterized ionospheric electron density model based on the IRI-2012 model by spherical harmonic expansions in the horizontal and empirical orthogonal functions in...  相似文献   

Multifractal process of runoff fluctuation of the Kaidu River in Xinjiang,China     

Shuang Qing Liu  Zu Han Liu  Wei Guo Wang  Yue Ping Lu  Xiao Liang Zhu  Bin Guo 《寒旱区科学》2018,10(3):232-239

Based on the hydrological data in the headwater region of the Kaidu River during 1972–2011, the multifractal process of runoff fluctuation was analyzed. Results indicated that, in the past 40 years, the overall runoff of the Kaidu River in Xinjiang has shown significant multifractal behavior. Its singular curve lnχ_q(ε)–ln(ε) verified a favorable scale invariance over the entire time scale. τ(q)–q proved that evolution of the runoff time series presented multifractal characteristics. Moreover,the multifractal spectrum f(α)–α curve was hooklike leftward which indicated that, compared to relatively large runoff events. And Δf0 indicated that these relatively small events took the leading role; B0 explained the Kaidu River's daily-runoff ascending tendency presented during 1972–2011. Besides that, the multifractal behavior of the Kaidu River's runoff variability over four decades was also analyzed. Generally speaking, by decades, their four corresponding spectrum variations were not noticeable. These Δα values showed larger runoff events occupied the leading position with some local values falling. During the 1970 s to the 1990 s, Δf0 illustrated the probability of the daily runoff at the lowest point is always larger than that of the highest during three continuous decades. At the beginning of the 21 st century, for Δf0 the trend presented was contrary from the 1970 s to the 1990 s. B values suggested an overall trend of increases during1972–2011. Until the 21 st century, the runoff with a slightly descending tendency on the whole explained these relatively large runoff events taking the leading role for the Kaidu River; but sometimes, some small events also played the dominant role.  相似文献   

多型号地基微波辐射计亮温准确性比对          下载免费PDF全文

茆佳佳  张雪芬  王志诚  杨荣康  潘旭光  季承荔  郭然 《应用气象学报》2018,29(6):724-736

目前,国内外对于地基微波辐射计的探测能力多从温湿廓线等二级产品级进行考察,其误差包含反演算法和硬件系统两部分的贡献,不易区分。为直接考察硬件系统的观测性能,试验将评估对象前移,直接对一级亮温数据进行比对分析。利用2016年1月-2018年3月中国气象局大气探测试验基地4台地基微波辐射计和业务探空的同址观测数据,以探空数据输入MonoRTM辐射传输模型得到的正演亮温为参考,考察不同天气、不同季节微波辐射计的探测准确性。结果表明:国产与进口设备观测亮温的准确性相当。4台地基微波辐射计实测亮温与模拟亮温相关性较好,相关系数基本超过0.9,均达到0.001显著性水平。晴空条件下,实测亮温较模拟亮温均方根误差平均为2.08~3.75 K;德国辐射计亮温偏差最小,各通道平均偏差为1.08 K,均方根误差平均为2.08 K。亮温偏差在冬季最小,夏季达到最大。建议提高定标准确度并进行质量控制以确保亮温准确性,谨慎使用降水期间辐射计的观测数据。  相似文献   

中国雷达强天气预警信息质量控制与集成应用     

孟昭林  季承荔  郭志梅 《气象科技》2017,45(6):955-961

冰雹和龙卷等强对流天气容易产生严重气象灾害,而雷达可以为强对流天气提供高时效的监测信息。针对当前雷达业务系统仅提供单站预警,且强天气识别算法缺乏本地优化等问题,研究了全国雷达预警信息组网集成技术,为大范围监测中小尺度强对流天气提供及时高效的参考信息;通过对全国高空站3年0℃层高度资料的统计分析表明,雷达监测冰雹等算法的0℃层高度应在3~6km范围动态调整,提出了雷达强天气预警动态本地化等综合质量控制方法。通过质控前后统计分析表明,质量控制可以有效降低雷达预警的虚警率,虚警剔除率可达到95%以上;与雷电观测资料的检验结果显示,质控后的雷达预警信息与雷电分布具有较好的契合度。将基于上述组网集成与质量控制的综合技术应用于2016年6月23日盐城龙卷强天气监测,取得了较好的应用效果。  相似文献   

湖南工业落后的原因与发展对策研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

唐承丽 《热带地理》1999,19(1):39-44

湖南是一个人均工业产值明显低于全国平均水平的工业落后省,而且其工业化水平与全国平均水平的差距仍在进一步扩大。文中采用区位商分析和“偏离—份额”分析法揭示了湖南工业落后的内在原因,并在主导行业选择、工业中心建设、规模结构和所有制结构优化、人才建设与科技开发等方面提出了加速湖南工业发展的对策。  相似文献   

武当山地块基性岩墙群地球化学研究及其大地构造意义   总被引：28，自引：5，他引：23  

张成立  周鼎武 《地球化学》1999,28(2):126-135

武当山地块基性岩墙群的地球化学特征表明,它们为具大陆拉斑玄武央珠大陆板内岸 浆侵入的产物,是古陆块裂并保存在造山带内基底岩块的重要证据,这表明南秦岭和扬子板块曾存在晋宁期固结的统一古陆块,该古陆块在新元古代早期发生了一次重要的裂解作用。  相似文献