APPLICATION OF A SPLITTING FRACTURE MODEL TO THE SIMULATION OF ROCK INDENTATION SUBSURFACE FRACTURES     

X. C. Tan  P.-A. Lindqvist  S. Q. Kou 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》1997,21(1):1-13

A two-dimensional fracture model based on micro-fracture mechanics is applied to the Hertzian indentation stress field to simulate subsurface fractures in an axi-symmetrical plane. The simulation of fracture development reveals quantitatively the effects of loading force, mechanical properties of the rocks, and original micro cracks on the formation of subsurface fractures. The distribution patterns of the subsurface fractures are determined by the magnitudes and trajectories of the indentation stresses. Lateral confinement prohibits the fracture development. Simulations of the subsurface fractures in granite and marble are in good agreement with the indentation experiments. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

On Newton-like methods for solving nonlinear equations   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

KOU Jisheng LIU Dingyou LI Yitian HE Julin 《地球空间信息科学学报》2006,9(1):76-78

Introduction Manymethodsforsolvingnonlinearequations aredescribedindetail[1,2].TheNewtonmethod fortheapproximationofarootofnonlinear equationf(x)=0isanimportantandbasic method,whichconvergesquadratically.The Newtonmethodanditsdeformationsarefocused onallt…  相似文献   

黑龙江嫩江地区三合屯金矿区糜棱岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄与成矿的关系   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘宝山  寇林林  张春鹏  李成禄  罗健  韩仁萍  李博文 《地质学报》2022,96(3):954-970

三合屯金矿位于黑龙江省嫩江县境内,普遍认为其是韧性剪切带型金矿.本次对采自韧性剪切带中花岗质糜棱岩样品进行了锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年,以约束剪切带的活动时代,并为金矿化事件提供依据,获得糜棱岩中热液锆石增生边加权平均年龄为162 Ma.因此,矿区在燕山期晚侏罗世经历剪切变形,并且这期变形事件与前人研究的科洛...  相似文献   

Model tests on open-ended concrete pipe piles jacked in sand     

Hai-lei Kou  Wang Li  Dan-liang Yang 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2020,38(8):939-946

Abstract

An experimental study of the performance of concrete pipe piles during installation under different penetration speeds and static load tests on the piles in sand is presented. The applied jacking force, the amount of pile penetration, length of soil plug formed and ultimate bearing capacity were measured during the model tests. The results showed that the concrete pipe piles were partially plugged and the behavior of the soil plug was significantly affected by the penetration speed. The lower the penetration speed, the larger the soil plug formed which in turn leads to a greater ultimate bearing capacity. The size of soil plug can be evaluated by the m value defined as the ratio of the volume of the soil plug to that of the penetrated pile wall. The relationship between the m value and the penetration speeds can be used to estimate the amount of soil plug and the depth of penetration for an open-ended concrete pipe pile jacked into sand.  相似文献   

Spatial patterns of Pinus tabulaeformis and Pinus massoniana forests in Qinling-Daba Mountains and the boundary of subtropical and warm temperate zones     

Yao  Yonghui  Hu  Yufan  Kou  Zhixiang  Zhang  Baiping 《地理学报(英文版)》2020,30(9):1523-1533

The Qinling Mountains is not only the geographical boundary between North and South China,but also the boundary between subtropical and warm temperate zones.It plays an important role in the geo-ecological pattern of China.However,there is controversy about the specific location of this geographical boundary in academic community due to the complexity,transition and heterogeneity of the transitional zone,as well as the differences in the delimitation indicators and research purposes.To further reveal the characteristics of the North-South transitional zone and clarify the specific location of the geo-ecological boundary between North and South China,combined with SRTM topographic data,temperature and precipitation data,Pinus massoniana forest and Pinus tabulaeformis forest,which represent subtropical coniferous forest in South China and temperate coniferous forest in North China respectively,were chosen to analyze their spatial distributions in the Qinling-Daba Mountains and the climatic conditions at their boundary with the climatic indexes of annual precipitation,the coldest month(January) average temperature,the warmest month(July) average temperature and the annual average temperature.The results show that:(1) Pinus massoniana and Pinus tabulaeformis forests and the climate indicators of their boundary can be used as one of the vegetation-climate indexes for the delimitation of subtropical and warm temperate zones.The boundary between the subtropical coniferous forest(Pinus massoniana forest) and temperate coniferous forest(Pinus tabulaeformis forest) is located along the south slope of Funiu Mountain to the north edge of Hanzhong Basin(the south slope of Qinling Mountains) at an altitude of 1000–1200 m,where the climatic indictors are stable:the annual precipitation is about 750–1000 mm,the annual average temperature is about 12–14℃,the coldest monthly average temperature is 0–4℃,and the warmest monthly average temperature is about 22–26℃.(2) It can be more scientifically to delimitate the boundary of subtropical and warm temperate zones in China by comprehensively considering the vegetation-climate indicators.Additionally,the boundary between subtropical and warm temperate zones in Qinling-Daba Mountains should be a transitional zone consisting of the boundaries of coniferous forests,broad-leaved forests and shrubs between subtropical and warm temperate zones.The results provide a scientific basis for the selection of delimitation index of subtropical and warm temperate zones.  相似文献   

东北地区一次暴雪过程的诊断分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王勇  寇正  谢甲子 《内蒙古气象》2009,(2):11-14

利用观测资料对东北地区的一次暴雪过程作了物理量场的诊断分析。分析结果表明:1.本次暴雪是受到贝加尔湖强冷空气和江淮暖湿气流的共同影响而形成的;2.稳定的地面形势和空中冷性长波槽的过境为本次暴雪过程提供了强大的动力条件;3.北上江淮暖湿气流携带来自东海和渤海两个源地的充沛水汽到达东北地区,为东北暴雪的产生提供了水汽条件;4.高低空垂直切变明显、高层辐散与低层辐合相配置导致的强上升运动以及中低层深厚的正涡度产生和维持是东北暴雪形成的动力机制。  相似文献   

北京天竺晚上新世以来植被演替与气候变迁   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4  

姚轶锋  叶超  寇香玉  徐景先  贾三满  杜乃秋  李承森 《古地理学报》2007,9(1):45-58

研究了北京天竺TZ01钻孔岩心孢粉样品239块，孢粉组合反映了北京天竺晚上新世以来(约3.580 Ma BP)植被演替和气候变迁大致经历了10个发展阶段：(1) 3.580～3.050 Ma BP：以针叶林植被为主，气候寒冷偏湿；(2) 3.050～2.555 Ma BP：植被为落叶阔叶和常绿阔叶混交林-草原类型，该阶段开始升温，但气候较为温暖湿润；(3)2.555～2.300 Ma BP：植被为温凉偏干的疏林草原，湿度开始下降；(4) 2.300～1770 Ma BP：植被类型仍为疏林草原，该阶段温度上升，但幅度并不大，湿度基本不变，气候温凉干爽；(5) 1.770～1.070 Ma BP：植被类型为针阔混交林-草原，气候温暖湿润；(6) 1.070～0.922 Ma BP：植被演替为较暖湿略干的针阔混交林-草原；(7)0.922～0.800 Ma BP：植被为较寒冷干燥的疏林草原，温度降低，降水减少；(8) 0.800～0.650 Ma BP：植被为温暖偏干的以松为主的疏林草原，温度有所上升，但湿度变化较小；(9)0.650～0.160 Ma BP：植被为温凉湿润的针阔叶混交林-草原；(10) 0.160 Ma BP至今：植被以针阔叶混交林-草原为主，前期气候冷湿，后期较为温暖湿润。  相似文献   

强对流云新概念在积云人工增雨作业中的运用     

贾惠珍  寇书盈  孟辉  王兆宇  秦凤芝 《气象科技》2005,(Z1)

在对强对流(积云)增雨作业中,引用防雹新概念方法是利用多普勒雷达不同仰角的反射率(R)图及反射率剖面(RCS)图、径向速度剖面(VCS)图等资料,对强对流云流场特征进行定性分析,判定其主位置,通过主入流区位置和态势,确定“0”线的类型,给出增雨作业的时机和部位。用这一新概念,结合天津地区积云增雨的实际情况,在2003~2005年期间进行了应用。当流场、温度场和水凝物粒子场适当配置时,会形成大量降水粒子的集中累积,产生阵性暴雨。  相似文献   

大肠杆菌O157:H7的活的非可培养状态     

姚斐  陈刚  寇运同  纪伟尚  徐怀恕 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2000,30(4)

将大肠杆菌 O157:H7培养于低温贫养条件下 ,以涂布平板法 (PC)和最大近似值法(MPN)检测可培养细菌数 ,95～ 115d后表明可培养菌数下降为零。吖啶橙荧光显微镜直接计数法(AODC)检测细菌总数 ,表明细菌总数始终变化不大 ,而活菌直接镜检计数 (DVC)检测到的活菌数保持在 10 6个 / m L。实验证明了大肠杆菌 O157:H7在一定的条件下可进入活的非可培养状态(VBNC)。  相似文献   

Effects on Three-Dimensional Geosynchronous Circular SAR Imaging by Orbit Errors     

Leilei Kou  Xiaoqing Wang  Maosheng Xiang 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2014,42(1):1-12

Circular SAR imaging on the geosynchronous orbit is an innovative SAR imaging mode, which can perform high resolution three-dimensional (3D) imaging with continuous observations for a large area. However, for geosynchronous satellites the orbit is severely disturbed by perturbing effects, and the orbit error will be an important factor influencing the SAR imaging on the geosynchronous orbit. In this paper, the effects of the orbit error on performances of 3D geosynchronous circular SAR (GEOCSAR) imaging are analyzed. The error model is firstly made, and then the orbit error propagating into the distance from the radar to the target (range) is derived. Furthermore, the effects of different components of the range error on the quality of focused SAR signals are deduced, based on the 3D GEOCSAR signal model with time-domain correlation algorithm. The analyses and simulations will quantify and verify the required accuracies of GEOCSAR orbit estimation for ensuring the 3D imaging quality.  相似文献