Indonesien: IMBER,W., H. UHLIG,H.F. NEUBAUER,A. LEEMANN,W. RÖLL (1973): 266 pp., 96 colour photos, 1 topographical map in colour, 4 thematic maps. Bern: Kümmerley & Frey,München-Bern-Wien: BVL Verlagsgesellschaft. DM 74     

H.Th. Verstappen 《Geoforum》1974,5(4):100-101

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The XMM-SSC survey of hard-spectrum XMM–Newton sources – I. Optically bright sources     

M. J. Page  I. Lehmann  Th. Boller  M. G. Watson  T. Dwelly  S. Hess  I. Matute  N. S. Loaring  S. Rosen  H. Ziaeepour  A. Schwope  G. Lamer  F. J. Carrera  J. Tedds  R. Della Ceca  P. Severgnini  R. G. McMahon  W. Yuan 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2007,378(4):1335-1355

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A spectral atlas of post-main-sequence stars in ω Centauri: kinematics, evolution, enrichment and interstellar medium     

Jacco Th. van Loon  Floor van Leeuwen  Barry Smalley  rew W. Smith  Nicola A. Lyons  Iain McDonald  Martha L. Boyer 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2007,382(3):1353-1374

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Morphological analysis of deep-seated gravitational slope deformation (DSGSD) in the western part of the Argentera massif. A morpho-tectonic control?     

H. Jomard  Th. Lebourg  Y. Guglielmi 《Landslides》2014,11(1):107-117

The western part of the Argentera–Mercantour massif (French Alps) hosts very large currently active landslides responsible of many disorders and risks to the highly touristic valleys of the Mercantour National Park and skiing resorts. A regional scale mapping of gravitational deformations has been compared to the main geo-structures of the massif. A relative chronology of the events has been established and locally compared to absolute ¹⁰Be dating obtained from previous studies. Two types of large slope destabilisations were identified as follows: deep-seated landslides (DSL) that correspond to rock volumes bounded by a failure surface, and deep-seated gravitational slope deformations (DSGSD) defined as large sagging zones including gravitation landforms such as trenches and scarps or counterscarps. Gravitational landforms are mainly collinear to major N140°E and N020°E tectonic faults, and the most developed DSGSD are located in areas where the slope direction is comparable to the orientation of faults. DSL are mostly included within DSGSD zones and located at the slopes foot. Most of DSL followed a similar failure evolution process according to postglacial over steepened topographies and resulting from a progressive failure growing from the foot to the top of the DSGSD that lasts over a 10 ky time period. This massif-scale approach shows that large-scale DSGSD had a peak of activity from the end of the last deglaciation, to approximately 7000 years bp. Both morphologic and tectonic controls can be invoked to explain the gravitational behaviour of the massif slopes.  相似文献   

Geo-Characterization at selected accelerometric stations in Crete (Greece) and comparison of earthquake data recordings with EC8 elastic spectra   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

A. Savvaidis  B. Margaris  N. Theodoulidis  V. Lekidis  Ch. Karakostas  C. Loupasakis  D. Rozos  P. Soupios  M. -D. Mangriotis  U. Dikmen  Par. Tsangaratos  E. Kokinou  A. Vafidis  Th. Rondoyanni  I. Kalogeras  S. Koutrakis  A. Sarris  N. Papadopoulos 《Central European Journal of Geosciences》2014,6(1):88-103

To estimate the seismic response according to Eurocode (EC8) and almost all other national codes, site conditions have to be properly characterized so that soil amplification and the corresponding peak ground motion can be calculated. In this work, different geophysical and geotechnical methods are combined in order to define the detailed ground conditions in selected sites of the Hellenic Accelerometric Network (HAN) in Crete. For this purpose, the geological information of the sites and shear wave velocity, calculated from surface wave measurements, is used. Additionally, ground acceleration data recorded through HAN have been utilized from intermediate depth earthquakes in the broader area of South Aegean Sea. Using the recorded ground motion data and the procedure defined in EC8, the corresponding elastic response spectrum is calculated for the selected sites. The resulting information is compared to the values defined in the corresponding EC8 spectrum for the seismic zone that includes the island of Crete. The comparison shows that accurate definition of ground type through geological, geotechnical and geophysical investigations is important. However, our current comparison focuses on the distribution of values rather than the absolute values of EC8-prescribed spectra, and the results should be considered in this context.  相似文献   

Rainfall-triggering response patterns of post-seismic debris flows in the Wenchuan earthquake area     

Wei Zhou  Chuan Tang  Th. W. J. Van Asch  Chunhua Zhou 《Natural Hazards》2014,70(2):1417-1435

Several giant debris flows occurred in southwestern China after the Wenchuan earthquake, causing serious casualties and economic losses. Debris flows were frequently triggered after the earthquake. A relatively accurate prediction of these post-seismic debris flows can help to reduce the consequent damages. Existing debris flow prediction is almost based on the study of the relationship between post-earthquake debris flows and rainfall. The relationship between the occurrence of post-seismic debris flows and characteristic rainfall patterns was studied in this paper. Fourteen rainfall events related to debris flows that occurred in four watersheds in the Wenchuan earthquake area were collected. By analyzing the rainfall data, characteristics of rainfall events that triggered debris flows after the earthquake were obtained. Both the critical maximum rainfall intensity and average rainfall intensity increased with the time. To describe the critical conditions for debris flow initiation, intensity–duration curves were constructed, which shows how the threshold for triggering debris flows increased each year. The time that the critical rainfall intensities of debris flow occurrences return to the value prior to the earthquake could not be estimated due to the absent rainfall data before the earthquake. Rainfall-triggering response patterns could be distinguished for rainfall-induced debris flows. The critical rainfall patterns related to debris flows could be divided on the basis of antecedent rainfall duration and intensity into three categories: (1) a rapid triggering response pattern, (2) an intermediate triggering response pattern, and (3) a slow triggering response pattern. The triggering response patterns are closely related to the initiation mechanisms of post-earthquake debris flows. The main difference in initiation mechanisms and difference in triggering patterns by rainfall is regulated by the infiltration process and determined by a number of parameters, such as hydro-mechanical soil characteristics, the thickness of the soil, and the slope gradient. In case of a rapid triggering response rainfall pattern, the hydraulic conductivity and initial moisture content are the main impact factors. Runoff erosion and rapid loading of solid material is the dominant process. In case of a rainfall pattern with a slow triggering response, the thickness and strength of the soil, high hydraulic conductivity, and rainfall intensity are the impact factors. Probably slope failure is the most dominant process initiating debris flows. In case of an intermediate triggering response pattern, both debris flow initiation mechanisms (runoff erosion and slope failure) can play a role.  相似文献   

XMM–Newton observations of bright ROSAT selected active galactic nuclei with low intrinsic absorption     

L. C. Gallo  I. Lehmann  W. Pietsch  Th. Boller  W. Brinkmann  P. Friedrich  D. Grupe 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2006,365(2):688-698

We present a sample of 21 ROSAT bright active galactic nuclei (AGNs), representing a range of spectral classes, and selected for follow-up snapshot observations with XMM–Newton . The typical exposure was between 5 and 10 ks. The objects were primarily selected on the bases of X-ray brightness and not on hardness ratio; thus the sample cannot be strictly defined as a 'soft'sample. One of the main outcomes from the XMM–Newton observations was that all of the AGN, including 11 type 1.8–2 objects, required low levels of intrinsic absorption  ( N _H≲ 10²¹ cm⁻²)  . The low absorption in type 2 systems is a challenge to account for in the standard orientation-based unification model, and we discuss possible physical and geometrical models which could elucidate the problem. Moreover, there does not appear to be any relation between the strength and shape of the soft excess, and the spectral classification of the AGN in this sample. We further identify a number of AGN which deserve deeper observations or further analysis: for example, the low-ionization nuclear emission regions (LINERs) NGC 5005 and NGC 7331, where optically thin thermal and extended emission is detected, and the narrow-line Seyfert 1 II Zw 177, which shows a broad emission feature at ∼ 5.8 keV.  相似文献   

Long-Term Soft X-Ray Variability of Active Galaxies. I. Mrk 926     

Chulhee Kim  Th. Boller 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2002,281(3):663-671

We present a detailed analysis of the soft X-ray (0.1–2.4 keV) emission of the Seyfert 1 galaxy Mrk 926 in order to investigate its long-term variation. The X-ray data were obtained from the ROSAT-PSPC archives. The light curves show a gradual decrease of brightness for a time scales of 36months with the exception of a single flare event superimposed on the gradual variation of brightness. The light variations for three different energy bands and the hardness ratios were investigated to search for correlations; no correlation was confirmed. In order to compare spectral variations during the flare event with other periods, the spectral parameters were determined. Results of our analysis are discussed within the framework of the accretion disk phenomenon. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Mrk 1014: an AGN-dominated ultraluminous infrared galaxy     

Th. Boller  L. C. Gallo  D. Lutz  E. Sturm 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2002,336(4):1143-1146

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Book reviews     

Andreas Berkner  Erdmann Gormsen  Wolf Tietze  Herman Th. Verstappen  J. Sündermann  Peter Gould 《GeoJournal》1990,21(1-2):103-104

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