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11.
B. A. Kagan E. V. Sofina A. A. Timofeev 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2010,46(2):224-231
In order to reproduce the diapycnal mixing induced by internal tidal waves (ITWs) in the Arctic Ocean, we use a modified version
of the three-dimensional finite-element hydrothermodynamic model QUODDY-4. We found that the average (over the tidal cycle)
and integral (by depth) baroclinic tidal energy dissipation rate in individual areas of the Siberian continental shelf and
in the straits between the Canadian Arctic archipelago are much higher than in the open ocean and its values on ridges and
troughs are qualitatively similar to one another. Moreover, in the area of open-ocean ridges, the baroclinic tidal energy
dissipation rate increases as it approaches the bottom, but only in the bottom boundary layer; on the Mid-Atlantic and Hawaii
ridges, such an increase is observed within a few hundreds of meters away from the bottom. The average (in area and depth
of the open ocean) coefficient of diapycnal mixing defined by the baroclinic tidal energy dissipation rate is higher than
the coefficient of molecular kinematic viscosity and only a few times lower than the canonical value of the coefficient of
vertical turbulent viscosity, which is used in models of global oceanic circulation. Coupled with the reasoning on the localization
of baroclinic tidal energy dissipation, this fact leads to the conclusion that disregarding the contribution that ITW-induced
diapycnal mixing makes to the ocean-climate formation is hardly justified. 相似文献
12.
B. A. Kagan A. A. Timofeev E. V. Sofina 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2010,46(5):652-662
The modeling results of surface and internal M2 tides for summer and winter periods in the Arctic Ocean (AO) are presented. We employed a modified version of the three-dimensional
finite-element hydrothermodynamic model QUODDY-4 differing from the original model by using a rotated (instead of spherical)
coordinate system and by considering the equilibrium-tide effects. It has been shown that the modeling results for the surface
tide differs little from the results obtained earlier by other authors. According to these results, the amplitudes of internal
tidal waves (ITWs) in the AO are significantly lower than in other oceans and the ITWs proper have the character of trapped
waves. Their source of generation is located at the continental slope northwest of the New Siberian Islands. Our results are
consistent with the fields of average (over a tidal cycle) and integral (by depth) densities of baroclinic tidal energy, the
maximum baroclinic tidal velocity, and the coefficient of diapycnic mixing. The local rate of baroclinic tidal energy dissipation
at the AO ridges increases as it approaches the bottom, as was observed on Mid-Atlantic and Hawaii ridges (but merely within
the bottom boundary layer) and is two to three orders of magnitude lower than in other oceans. The ITW degeneration scale
in the AO is several hundreds of kilometers in summer and winter, remaining within the range of its values between 100 and
1000 km in mid- and low-latitude oceans. In both seasons, the integral (over the AO area) rate of baroclinic tidal energy
dissipation is two orders of magnitude lower than the global estimate (2.5 × 1012 W). 相似文献
13.
14.
Vladislav Babuška Jaroslava Plomerová Edelvays Spasov Reviewer J. Janský 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1987,31(3):266-283
Summary Teleseismic P residuals calculated for waves arriving from various azimuths and angles of incidence, and a 3-D inversion of the residuals provided the basis for characterizing the uppermost mantle structure beneath Bulgaria. The Moesian Platform and the Rhodopean Massif are two different blocks characterized by a lithosphere thickness of about 130–140 km with a zone of lithosphere thinning along their contact. Both units have opposite patterns of the directional dependence of relatively high and low P velocities. This directional dependence is interpreted by dipping anisotropic structures in the subcrustal lithosphere, which probably represent remnants of paleosubductions of an old oceanic lithosphere.
auma u nu¶rt;u n¶rt; au aumau u au. a uu mu ¶rt;am ¶rt; aamuauu mm amuu n¶rt; au. uua nama u ¶rt;nu au, ¶rt;a au a mu um nuuum 130–140 ¶rt; uma m ¶rt; u mama. a a aamua nmun ana auum mum u u mu . ma anaa auum umnmuaa a nu aumn mm amu. mu mm n¶rt;maum a mamu na¶rt;u ma au um.相似文献
15.
Summary The paper presents the method of deriving representations, optimal from the point of view of global characteristics, for areal and extreme angular distortion (3), (7), if one is optional and the other characteristic is minimized at the same time. If a special minimization method (Section 5) is used for computer processing, the problem can be solved in the region of representation equations in the form of polynomials of the 3rd or 5th degree, while assuming symmetry relative to the equator and the central meridian. Thus, the method enables both the fundamental global characteristics to be regulated freely. Their dependence is illustrated in graphs (Figs 2 and 6) depending on the selected examples of representations of the whole globe. The latter shows that method is a contribution for cartographic practice as well. 相似文献
16.
am u aa auu uau, anm n u¶rt;uaa. u n nu m na uu; ¶rt; a am u¶rt; am ¶rt;uua au nu ¶rt;a u m¶rt; am. mam u nam n¶rt;m nu n ¶rt;uam, u n n¶rt;m uu, u m [3]. m¶rt; nuam mm, ¶rt;u ¶rt; amauu , u umum a nu. 相似文献
17.
Elastic properties of eclogite rocks from the Bohemian massif 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Vladislav Babuška Jiří Fiala D. J. Mayson R. C. Liebermann Reviewer J. Buben 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1978,22(4):348-361
Summary Compressional velocity anistropy has been studied in detail at atmospheric pressure for 78 specimens of 23 types of eclogite rocks from the Bohemian massif. For nine of these rock types, compressional and shear velocities were measured as a function of pressure to750 MPa at room temperature. The velocity anisotropy for both compressional and shear waves is less than4% at high pressure. The velocities increase with increasing garnet content and decrease with increasing symplectitization. The Moldanubian eclogites have significantly higher velocities, on the average, than the eclogites from the Kruné hory crystalline complex, although the densities of both groups are comparable. 相似文献
18.
19.
Vladislav V. Sidorenko Alessandra Celletti 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》2010,107(1-2):209-231
This paper is devoted to the dynamics in a central gravity field of two point masses connected by a massless tether (the so called “spring–mass” model of tethered satellite systems). Only the motions with straight strained tether are studied, while the case of “slack” tether is not considered. It is assumed that the distance between the point masses is substantially smaller than the distance between the system’s center of mass and the field center. This assumption allows us to treat the motion of the center of mass as an unperturbed Keplerian one, so to focus our study on attitude dynamics. A particular attention is given to the family of planar periodic motions in which the center of mass moves on an elliptic orbit, and the point masses never leave the orbital plane. If the eccentricity tends to zero, the corresponding family admits as a limit case the relative equilibrium in which the tether is elongated along the line joining the center of mass with the field center. We study the bifurcations and the stability of these planar periodic motions with respect to in-plane and out-of-plane perturbations. Our results show that the stable motions take place if the eccentricity of the orbit is sufficiently small. 相似文献
20.
Vladislav V. Zelenov Elena V. Aparina Andrey V. Ivanov 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》2014,71(1):33-53
Using a coated-insert flow tube reactor coupled to a low-energy electron-impact mass spectrometer with molecular beam sampling, we studied uptake of NO3 by sea salt at room temperature and [NO3]?=?8?1011???4?1013 molecule cm?3. The radical uptake coefficient γ(t) is time dependent: its initial value (γ ini) decreases exponentially with the characteristic time (τ) to its steady-state value (γ ss) at given [NO3]. The parameters γ ini, γ ss and τ depend on [NO3], whereas γ ss is water vapor independent at [H2O]?=?8?1012???1.6?1015 molecule cm?3 and RH ≤ 0.5 %. HCl and NO2 are uptake products detected in the gas phase. We used these findings to estimate γ values under tropospheric conditions for urban coastal and remote marine environments: at high NO3 (~90 ppt), the time dependence becomes important, and the γ value averaged over the aerosol lifetime is 4?10?3; at low NO3 (~1 ppt), the radical uptake is time independent and proceeds faster with γ ini?=?8?10?3 相似文献