Annual cycle and interannual variability in the tropical pacific as simulated by three versions of FGOALS     

俞永强  何杰  郑伟鹏  栾贻花 《大气科学进展》2013,30(3):621-637

The seasonal cycle and interannual variability in the tropical oceans simulated by three versions of the Flexible Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System (FGOALS) model (FGOALS-g1.0, FGOALS-g2 and FGOALSs2), which have participated in phases 3 and 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP3 and CMIP5), are presented in this paper. The seasonal cycle of SST in the tropical Pacific is realistically reproduced by FGOALS-g2 and FGOALSs2, while it is poorly simulated in FGOALS-g1.0. Three feedback mechanisms responsible for the SST annual cycle in the eastern Pacific are evaluated. The ocean-atmosphere dynamic feedback, which is successfully reproduced by both FGOALS-g2 and FGOALS-s2, plays a key role in determining the SST annual cycle, while the overestimated stratus cloud-SST feedback amplifies the annual cycle in FGOALS-s2. Because of the serious warm bias existing in FGOALS-g1.0, the ocean-atmosphere dynamic feedback is greatly underestimated in FGOALS-g1.0, in which the SST annual cycle is mainly driven by surface solar radiation. FGOALS-g1.0 simulates much stronger ENSO events than observed, whereas FGOALS-g2 and FGOALSs2 successfully simulate the observed ENSO amplitude and period and positive asymmetry, but with less strength. Further ENSO feedback analyses suggest that surface solar radiation feedback is principally responsible for the overestimated ENSO amplitude in FGOALS-g1.0. Both FGOALS-g1.0 and FGOALS-s2 can simulate two different types of El Ni-no events — with maximum SST anomalies in the eastern Pacific (EP) or in the central Pacific (CP) — but FGOALS-g2 is only able to simulate EP El Ni-no, because the negative cloud shortwave forcing feedback by FGOALS-g2 is much stronger than observed in the central Pacific.  相似文献   

超光速电磁波的传播特性及与高能粒子相互作用研究的新进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

肖伏良  何兆国  陈良旭  贺艺华  杨昶 《地球科学进展》2011,26(5):493-498

超光速(相速度大于光速)电磁波是广泛存在于空间等离子中的高频电磁波,总结了超光速电磁波的产生机制-回旋微波激射不稳定性,介绍了超光速波在地球磁层中的传播特性,分析了其从高纬极光源区传播到低纬区域的基本原因:磁暴时由于等离子层硕压缩,超光速波传播时不会遇上反射,从而能向下传播.重点介绍了超光速波产生的地球辐射带区域高能电...  相似文献   

利用IAP九层大气环流模式模拟全球季风系统   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

Xue Feng  Bi Xunqiang  Lin Yihua 《大气科学进展》2001,18(3):404-412

用ＩＡＰ九层大气环流模式模拟了全球季风系统。结果表明，模式成功模拟出对流层低层的季风系统，包括经典的热季风以及副热带季风和温寒带季风。此外，模式也真实再现了对流层高层的行星季风。另一方面，平流层季风的模拟效果则较差，这与模式中西风系统性偏强有关。  相似文献   

中国干湿区变化与预估   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

姜江  姜大膀  林一骅 《大气科学》2017,41(1):43-56

本文采用干湿指数对1962~2011年中国干湿区范围变化进行了集中分析,并利用CMIP5（Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5）模式对其变化趋势开展了预估研究。结果表明,1962~2011年平均极端干旱区、干旱区、半干旱区、半湿润区和湿润区分别占中国陆地总面积的2.8%、11.7%、22.4%、32.6%和30.5%。期间,中国区域年干湿指数总体上呈现下降趋势,空间上表现为西部湿润化和东部干旱化的特征。显著缩小的是湿润区和极端干旱区,半湿润区、半干旱区和干旱区则显著扩大,这表明中国气候敏感区域在扩张。春季和秋季干湿指数变化趋势的空间分布与年平均的较为一致,冬季西北呈干旱化,夏季东南部地区为湿润化。相对于参考时段1986~2005年,在RCP4.5（Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5）情景下18个气候模式中位数的预估结果中,降水仅在东南南部减少,而潜在蒸散发在全区域增加,由于潜在蒸散发的增量超过了降水的增幅,中国区域将整体趋于干旱化,仅在西北地区呈湿润化特征;未来湿润区、干旱区和极端干旱区缩小,气候敏感性高的半湿润区和半干旱区仍将扩大。  相似文献   

Solar Radio Bursts on 16 February 1999     

Zongjun Ning  Qijun Fu  Yihua Yan  Yuying Liu  Quankang Lu 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2001,277(4):615-624

The 2.60–3.80 GHz spectrometer at the Beijing Astronomical Observatory (BAO) recorded a ‘decimetric pulsation’ event (DCIM) around the time 1999 0216 0300. At the beginning and end of this DCIM, two groups of reverse slope type III bursts (RS-III) are also detected; meanwhile, metric type II bursts are recorded by CULG and HIRA during the same time. These solar radio bursts on that day might be caused by the same active region 8458 and a same flare. We present a plausible qualitative model for all of them. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

气云区全波形反演约束Q场建模技术     

薛志刚  轩义华  刘铮  但志伟  史文英  秦宏国 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2022,52(2):613-623

复杂的浅层气云使地下波场严重扭曲,地震剖面呈现模糊带,影响工区的构造认识和储层描述。品质因子Q是地震波在地层中的衰减属性,Q深度偏移是考虑了地层吸收衰减的偏移成像技术,是提高气云区成像质量的有效方法;但是当浅层气云和深层底辟构造复杂发育时,常规Q场建模的精度往往不能满足Q偏移精细建模的需求。为解决以上难题,本文创新性地提出了全波形反演（full wave inversion, FWI）约束Q场建模技术思路：基于常规网格层析建立初始速度模型,利用FWI技术精细刻画速度异常进而约束Q模型的建立。这一“常规层析-FWI-Q反演”迭代的技术思路在白云凹陷Q深度偏移成像中得到成功应用,不仅提高了气云模糊区的成像质量,而且避免了油气勘探认识的多解性,证明了FWI约束Q场建模和Q深度偏移技术方法对改善复杂气云发育区的成像有效性。  相似文献   

Radiation belt electron acceleration induced by gyroresonant interaction with magnetosonic waves     

Chang Yang  Lewei Zhang  Yihua He  Si Liu  Qinghua Zhou 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2014,353(2):389-394

Using Cluster 4 satellite data, we examine activities of fast magnetosonic (MS) waves in the outer radiation belt near the location L=4.2 on 28 May 2005. We adopt a Gaussian distribution to fit the observed power spectral density of MS waves and find the fitting wave strength to be 245 pT. We then calculate the bounce-averaged diffusion coefficients and show that these diffusion coefficients are pronounced within a region of pitch angles about 25°–70°. By solving a 2D Fokker-Planck diffusion equation, we simulate the dynamic evolution of the electron phase space density (PSD), and demonstrate that significant increases in electron PSDs at energies of MeVs occur mainly within the aforementioned pitch-angle range over a time scale of several hours. The current results suggest that the interaction between MS waves and electrons could be an important mechanism of electron acceleration in the radiation belt.  相似文献   

Tracking Back the Solar Wind to Its Photospheric Footpoints from Wind Observations – A Statistical Study     

Chong Huang  Yihua Yan  Gang Li  Yuanyong Deng  Baolin Tan 《Solar physics》2014,289(8):3109-3119

It is of great importance to track the solar wind back to its photospheric source region and identify the related current sheets; this will provide key information for investigating the origin and predictions of the solar wind. We report a statistical study relating the photospheric footpoint motion and in-situ observation of current sheets in the solar wind. We used the potential force-free source–surface (PFSS) model and the daily synoptic charts to trace the solar wind back from 1 AU, as observed by the Wind spacecraft, to the solar surface. As the footpoints move along the solar surface we obtain a time series of the jump times between different points. These jumps can be within a cell and between adjacent cells. We obtained the distribution of the jump times and the distribution for a subset of the jump times in which only jumps between adjacent cells were counted. For both cases, the distributions clearly show two populations. These distributions are compared with the distribution of in-situ current sheets reported in an earlier work of Miao, Peng, and Li (Ann. Geophys. 29, 237, 2011). Its implications on the origin of the current sheets are discussed.  相似文献   

CAS FGOALS-f3-H Dataset for the High-Resolution Model Intercomparison Project (HighResMIP) Tier 2     

Bo AN  Yongqiang YU  Qing BAO  Bian HE  Jinxiao LI  Yihua LUAN  Kangjun CHEN  Weipeng ZHENG 《大气科学进展》2022,39(11):1873-1884

Following the High-Resolution Model Intercomparison Project(HighResMIP) Tier 2 protocol under the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6), three numerical experiments are conducted with the Chinese Academy of Sciences Flexible Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System Model, version f3-H(CAS FGOALS-f3-H), and a 101-year(1950–2050) global high-resolution simulation dataset is presented in this study. The basic configuration of the FGOALSf3-H model and numerical experiments design are brief...  相似文献   

1961 - 2018年青海高原昼夜雨量时空变化特征分析     

刘义花  马元仓  杨延华  李斌春  朱宝文 《冰川冻土》2020,42(3):996-1006

基于青海高原1961 - 2018年47个气象站昼夜雨量数据, 分析了青海高原及各生态功能区的昼夜雨量及雨日的时空变化特征。结果表明： 近58年来, 青海高原昼夜雨量空间分布基本一致, 总体表现为东南向西北减少, 夜雨日多于昼雨日分布。青海高原昼夜雨量总体均呈增多趋势, 昼雨量的增加速率大于夜雨量; 从空间分布来看, 柴达木盆地西部、 东部农业区大部及青南牧区南部少数地区昼夜雨量呈减少趋势, 而柴达木盆地东部、 环青海湖地区、 青南牧区大部昼夜雨量均呈增多趋势。青海高原昼雨日略有增加, 夜雨日有减少趋势; 在地域上, 柴达木盆地昼夜雨日增多趋势明显, 而东部农业区昼夜雨日减少趋势明显。青海高原昼夜雨量分别呈2 a、 3 a的周期。近58年来, 青海高原、 东部农业区、 环青海湖地区、 柴达木地区昼雨量均无明显的突变现象, 仅青南牧区昼雨量在2003年前后存在明显突变现象; 青海高原、 东部农业区、 青南牧区夜雨量无明显突变现象, 环青海湖地区、 柴达木盆地夜雨量分别在1979年、 2003年出现了突变现象。  相似文献