白令海表层沉积物中的放射虫与海洋环境   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

程振波  石学法  高爱国  鞠小华 《极地研究》2000,12(1):24-31

通过对白令海 1 2个表层沉积物中微体生物化石放射虫的分析 ,共鉴别放射虫 2 4 72枚 ,计36属、45种。表层沉积物中放射虫的分布特点为 :1 .浅水陆架 -陆坡上部区的粉砂、细砂沉积物中放射虫化石数量少且属种单调。2 .陆坡下部区的火山碎屑及浊流沉积物中放射虫化石亦不丰富。3.海盆区粘土沉积物中的放射虫化石丰度高且分异度高。本区陆架放射虫化石的优势种为Spongotrochus glacialis.影响放射虫分布的主要因素为海流、地形、水深、水温等。另外 ,该区沉积物的物源主要为陆源沉积物、生物源沉积物和火山源沉积物 ,它们主要来源于俄罗斯东部的勘察加半岛、美国的阿拉斯加半岛及阿留申群岛  相似文献   

西南印度洋脊“断桥”热液区深部地质构造研究     

孙朝峰  吴招才  陶春辉  阮爱国  张国堙  郭志馗  黄恩贤 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(3):73-79

Polymetalic sulfide is the main product of sea-floor hydrothermal venting, and has become an important sea-floor mineral resources for its rich in many kinds of precious metal elements. Since 2007, a number of investigations have been carried out by the China Ocean Mineral Resources Research and Development Association(COMRA)cruises(CCCs) along the Southwest Indian Ridge(SWIR). In 2011, the COMRA signed an exploration contract of sea-floor polymetallic sulfides of 10 000 km2 on the SWIR with the International Seabed Authority. Based on the multibeam data and shipborne gravity data obtained in 2010 by the R/V Dayang Yihao during the leg 6 of CCCs21, together with the global satellite surveys, the characteristics of gravity anomalies are analyzed in the Duanqiao hydrothermal field(37°39′S, 50°24′E). The "subarea calibration" terrain-correcting method is employed to calculate the Bouguer gravity anomaly, and the ocean bottom seismometer(OBS) profile is used to constrain the two-dimensional gravity anomaly simulation. The absent Moho in a previous seismic model is also calculated.The results show that the crustal thickness varies between 3 and 10 km along the profile, and the maximum crustal thickness reaches up to 10 km in the Duanqiao hydrothermal field with an average of 7.5 km. It is by far the most thicker crust discovered along the SWIR. The calculated crust thickness at the Longqi hydrothermal field is approximately 3 km, 1 km less than that indicated by seismic models, possibly due to the outcome of an oceanic core complex(OCC).  相似文献   

基于背景噪声互相关技术的海底地震仪的时钟校正方法在西南印度洋脊的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

柳云龙  刘财  陶春辉  姚华建  丘磊  王奡  阮爱国  王汉闯  周建平  李怀明  董传万 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(5):39-46

Seismic monitoring using ocean bottom seismometers(OBS) is an efficient method for investigating earthquakes in mid-ocean ridge far away from land. Clock synchronization among the OBSs is difficult without direct communication because electromagnetic signals cannot propagate efficiently in water. Time correction can be estimated through global positioning system(GPS) synchronization if clock drift is linear before and after the deployment. However, some OBSs in the experiments at the southwest Indian ridge(SWIR) on the Chinese DY125-34 cruise had not been re-synchronized from GPS after recovery. So we attempted to estimate clock drift between each station pairs using time symmetry analysis(TSA) based on ambient noise cross-correlation. We tested the feasibility of the TSA method by analyzing daily noise cross-correlation functions(NCFs) that extract from the data of another OBS experiment on the Chinese DY125-40 cruise with known clock drift and the same deployment site. The results suggest that the NCFs' travel time of surface wave between any two stations are symmetrical and have an opposite growing direction with the date. The influence of different band-pass filters,different components and different normalized methods was discussed. The TSA method appeared to be optimal for the hydrophone data within the period band of 2–5 s in dozens of km-scale interstation distances. A significant clock drift of ~2 s was estimated between OBSs sets through linear regression during a 108-d deployment on the Chinese cruise DY125-34. Time correction of the OBS by the ambient noise cross-correlation was demonstrated as a practical approach with the appropriate parameters in case of no GPS re-synchronization.  相似文献   

鄂东南大冶矿区地质环境影响性评价   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

罗锋  柴波  周爱国 《工程地质学报》2015,23(3):580-588

在我国,矿业城市的地质环境问题日趋严重,需要探索一套适合于区域矿山地质环境影响性评价的技术方法,以指导矿业城市或重点矿区的矿产资源开发和环境保护。以鄂东南大冶矿区(即大冶市)为例,以遥感调查数据为基础,建立了由地质环境背景、已有地质环境问题和矿山开采活动三方面组成的区域矿山地质环境影响性评价指标体系,采用传统的模糊综合评价方法,分别对自然状态下矿区的地质灾害易发性和采矿状态下的矿区地质环境影响性进行了定量评价。结果表明:(1)自然状态下,大冶矿区地质灾害高易发区、较高易发区、较低易发区及低易发区分别占评价总面积的3.29%、12.55%、24.53%及59.62%;(2)采矿状态下,大冶矿区地质环境影响性严重区、较严重区、一般、轻微区分别占评价总面积的13.63%、22.96%、33.95%及24.96%。评价结果可作为大冶矿区矿产开发规划和综合性地质环境治理的重要依据。  相似文献   

基于力/触觉反馈的虚拟血管介入手术系统     

陈拓汉  宋爱国 《南京气象学院学报》2011,(5):414-418

设计了一种新颖的基于力/触觉反馈的虚拟血管介入手术系统.该系统以通用型力/触觉交互设备——NovintFal-con力/触觉再现装置为核心,能够完成虚拟血管手术环境中的力/触觉反馈.详细介绍了系统的硬件环境参数,并设计了基于3DSMAX的建模与CHAI3D的仿真软件系统.仿真实验结果表明:基于力/触觉反馈的虚拟血管介入手术系统可以有效地模拟血管介入手术时的力反馈状态,帮助医师进行血管介入手术术前训练,提高手术成功率.  相似文献   

基于粒子滤波的移动物体视觉跟踪方法     

钱夔  宋爱国  熊鹏文 《南京气象学院学报》2011,(5):398-401

基于颜色特征的粒子滤波算法已成为移动物体跟踪的热点.提出一种基于加权颜色直方图的粒子滤波跟踪算法,利用Bhattacharyya距离来描述粒子与目标区域颜色模型的相似性.实验结果表明:该方法具有较好的实时性与鲁棒性,可应用在视频监控、小车寻迹等场合.  相似文献   

高起伏区无人机摄影测量精度评估?以西秦岭光盖山-迭山断裂为例     

张波  高泽民  王爱国  刘小丰  郑龙  袁道阳 《震灾防御技术》2022,17(2):326-339

经过近10年的迅速发展,无人机摄影测量已成为活动构造研究的常用方法之一。但对于无人机摄影测量的精度评估,尤其是高起伏地区的精度评估存在不足。为此,选择白龙江北岸光盖山-迭山断裂沿线的黑峪寺、化马村,开展无人机摄影测量,并构建正射影像（DOM）和数字地表模型（DSM）,配合差分GPS测绘进行校正和精度验证。通过对比实测控制点和图像提取点分析点精度,通过对比实测剖面与提取剖面分析剖面精度。研究结果表明,未经控制点校正的图像提取点与实测点存在较大误差,水平误差为5～8 m,垂直误差为几十米至上百米,但通过少数控制点校正后,点精度可达20 cm以内;6条实测剖面与提取剖面（提取自控制点校正后的图像）平均垂直精度总体为分米级,即0.16～0.65 m,标准差为0.13～0.69 m,略低于低起伏区的精度,对于测量条件恶劣的高起伏区,该精度是可接受的;异常高的垂直误差常出现在地形突变、低矮植被密集、行走困难等测量条件不理想位置。图像控制点中心点的准确识别、提取剖面线的修正准确性等因素也会影响精度评估的可靠性。  相似文献   

南、北盘江流域枯水期水化学特征及离子来源分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

马阔  吴起鑫  韩贵琳  董爱国 《中国岩溶》2018,37(2):192-202

为进一步了解珠江上游南、北盘江流域水化学现状,对其枯水期36个河水样品进行水化学特征分析,结果表明:枯水期河水pH值在7.85~8.75之间,呈弱碱性,TDS均值为358 mg·L-1。河水中阴离子组成以HCO3-、SO42-为主,当量浓度占比均值达到65%与26%,阳离子中Ca2+和Mg2+是绝对的优势离子,当量浓度占比均值分别为65%和24%。与丰水期相关研究对比分析发现Ca2+、Mg2+、Na+、SO42-、HCO3-、Cl-的枯水期浓度普遍高于丰水期,K+、NO3-丰、枯水期浓度变化不大。Piper图、岩性端元分析以及离子浓度比值分析表明,研究区水化学主要受碳酸和硫酸共同参与下的碳酸盐岩风化控制。南、北盘江流域都受到农业施用的钾肥和氮肥的影响,此外,北盘江主要受到煤炭开采以及燃煤工业的影响,南盘江主要受到源头及上游河段化工企业废水和沿途市县的生活废水的影响。与前人数据对比发现,15年间人为活动对流域水化学的影响加剧。   相似文献   

北淮阳汞洞冲铅锌矿区石英正长斑岩成因   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘晓强  闫峻  王爱国 《地质学报》2018,92(1):41-64

汞洞冲铅锌矿位于北淮阳构造带安徽段的西部,是大别造山带目前发现的最大铅锌矿。该矿床为典型的隐爆角砾岩型,成矿流体具有岩浆来源特征。野外地质调查显示隐爆作用与孙冲出露的石英正长斑岩有关。两个采自孙冲石英正长斑岩体样品的LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb定年结果分别为128.4±1.3 Ma和129.2±1.2Ma,为早白垩世岩浆活动的产物。这些石英正长斑岩样品具有较高的SiO_2含量(62.04%~69.30%),富K_2O(4.54%~7.16%,K_2O/Na_2O=0.94~2.86),富碱(K_2O+Na_2O=8.76%~10.01%),铝碱比值(A/NK)在1.17~1.97之间,铝饱和指数(A/CNK)介于1.03~1.59之间,属过铝质岩石,富集Rb、Th、U、Pb等大离子亲石元素、亏损Nb、Ta、P和Ti等高场强元素。岩石具有高度富集的Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf同位素组成:全岩~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr(t)介于0.71129~0.71323之间,ε_(Nd)(t)值介于-10.8~-9.8之间,~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb(t)比值为17.495~17.891,~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb(t)比值为15.526~15.593,~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb(t)比值为38.257~38.547,绝大多数锆石ε_(Hf)(t)值介于-17.1~-10.4。综合地球化学研究表明,该石英正长斑岩的岩浆源区类似于中、南大别片麻岩为代表的大别造山带三层地壳结构的上部,有少量的幔源物质贡献。华南板块广泛分布的古生代黑色岩系在印支期深俯冲过程中被剥蚀至北淮阳地壳深部,构成北淮阳成矿岩浆岩的理想源区。  相似文献   

Origin of the Cretaceous ore-bearing granitoids in the Beihuaiyang Zone,northern margin of the Dabie Orogen,Eastern China     

Xiaoqiang Liu  Aiguo Wang  Quanzhong Li  Jiancheng Xie 《International Geology Review》2018,60(11-14):1453-1478

ABSTRACT

The Beihuaiyang Zone (BHY) is one of the most important Mo–Pb–Zn polymetallic metallogenic belts in China, and the BHY deposits are genetically and geographically associated with Cretaceous magmatic rocks. In this article, we present new zircon U–Pb ages and Hf isotope data, whole-rock major and trace-element analytical results, and Sr–Nd–Pb isotope data for the granite porphyry of the Shapinggou (SPG) Mo deposit and the quartz monzonite porphyry of the Gongdongchong (GDC) Pb–Zn deposit. The high contents of SiO₂, crust-like rare-earth-element and trace element patterns, and the enriched Sr–Nd–Pb–Hf isotopic compositions indicate that both porphyries originated from crustal melting. Inherited Neoproterozoic zircons are common in both porphyries, which implies that their crustal sources were the South China Block rather than the North China Block. Whole-rock ε_Nd(t) values (?10.8 to ?9.8 for the GDC deposit, ?12.9 to ?12.4 for the SPG deposit) and zircon ε_Hf(t) values (?14.3 to ?11.1 for the GDC deposit, ?18.4 to ?13.3 for the SPG deposit) for the ore-bearing rocks are significantly higher than the values found in the widespread and older ore-barren rocks, indicating that the magma sources of the ore-bearing rocks were younger than those of the ore-barren rocks. An integrated study of the Sr–Nd–Pb–Hf isotope contents shows that these younger source rocks are similar to the gneisses found in the South and Central Dabie units, which represent the upper crust of the subducted South China Block. Given the geochemical behaviour of molybdenum, a surface enrichment process would have been an essential prerequisite for the formation of the large Mo deposit. The early Paleozoic Mo–Pb–Zn-enriched black shales, which are widespread in the upper layers of the South China Block, might have been scraped off during Triassic subduction and then transported to deep-crustal levels below the BHY, thus forming an ideal source for the ore-bearing porphyries. An upper-crustal origin for the ore-bearing magmatic rocks is also consistent with the data for most other deposits distributed in the BHY of the Dabie Orogen.  相似文献