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Xiangchun Wang Timothy A. Minshull Changliang Xia Xuewei Liu 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2012,33(4):389-396
It is very important for converting the seismic data from the time domain to the depth domain. Here we discuss the approaches of inverse modeling of travel times for determination of the P-wave velocity (Vp). The migration section of the single channel seismic data is used to define the model horizons and help to control their geometry. Wide angle hydrophone data of OBS are used to determine P-wave travel times. The picked travel times from various shots are inverted for P-wave interval velocities using RayInvr, which calculated theoretical travel times via ray tracing. Damped least squares optimization is performed to fine tune the fits between observed and calculated travel times. In the end, the Vp curve is achieved and the results are compared with that derived from the conventional hyperbolic curve velocity analysis method, the shape of the two curves are similar, and the velocity increases in the layer where gas hydrates are present. 相似文献
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珲春小西南岔地区白垩纪花岗岩主要有英云闪长岩和花岗闪长岩两种类型。英云闪长岩属于中钾钙碱性系列(Na2O/K2O=1.99~2.76),具有高Al2O3(15.46%~17.13%)、Sr(559×10-6~731×10-6)、Sr/Y(40~78)、La/Yb(16~21),低Y(9×10-6~14×10-6)、Yb(0.8×10-6~1.3×10-6)的特征,与埃达克质岩石地球化学特征类似。花岗闪长岩为高钾钙碱性系列,Na2O/K2O=1.01~1.56,w(Sr)=312×10-6~410×10-6、w(Yb)=1.23×10-6~2.13×10-6、Sr/Y=13~32,属正常的高钾钙碱性花岗岩。两类花岗岩的源区均为玄武质下地壳物质,英云闪长质岩浆形成压力较高(> 1.0 GPa),深度大于33 km,花岗闪长质岩浆形成压力相对较低(0.8~1.0 GPa),岩浆来源深度为26~33 km。 相似文献
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Google Earth在城市轨道交通工程控制网布设中的应用 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
控制网是城市轨道交通所有测量工作的基础,其点位布设的合理与否直接影响施工进度。以Google Earth为平台,介绍其基本特性及在城市轨道交通控制网布设中的应用,对其他轨道交通线路控制网布设具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
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雅鲁藏布江流域降水中δ18O 的时空变化 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
通过研究2005年西藏雅鲁藏布江流域拉孜、奴各沙、羊村和奴下4个站点降水中的δ18O变化,揭示了雅鲁藏布江流域降水中稳定同位素的时空变化规律.研究显示,雅鲁藏布江流域降水中δ18O季节变化明显,高值出现在季风降水之前的春季,而低值出现在季风降水季节,其间降水中δ18O具有明显的"降水量效应";从空间上看,降水中的δ18O从下游至上游递减,造成这种分布特征主要是由于"高程效应"以及水汽远距离输送导致其中的18O被贫化的结果.经计算表明,雅鲁藏布江流域降水中δ18O由于"高程效应"造成的递减率为0.34‰/100m,而水平方向上自东向西由于水汽远距离输送造成的递减率为0.7‰/100km.从季风期间大范围的降水过程来看,降水中δ18O的空间变化主要受"降水量效应"制约. 相似文献
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D19井是雄安新区地热清洁能源调查评价项目的一个勘探孔,完钻井深4021.78 m,揭穿雾迷山组和高于庄组2个热储层。为应对热储层钻进严重漏失及保护热储层,选用了气举反循环钻进工艺。对深井气举反循环钻进设备进行配套,同时对双壁钻杆下深、风量等工艺参数进行了现场试验优选。针对钻遇复杂破碎地层时返水（渣）通道经常堵塞无法顺利钻进的问题,研制出了适宜于破碎地层气举反循环钻进的防堵进水接头,同时对进水（渣）口进行保护,有效地解决了破碎地层气举反循环钻进易堵塞的难题,顺利完成了钻探任务。完善了极破碎热储层气举反循环钻进工艺技术,为气举反循环钻进工艺在破碎热储层的应用和推广打下了基础。 相似文献
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集合均方根滤波同化地面自动站资料的技术研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
模式地形与观测站地形高度差异一直是地面资料同化面临的棘手问题,合理的同化方案能够将地面自动站资料有效的同化到中尺度数值模式中。本文首先采用Guo et al.(2002)的方案实现了在WRF模式中应用集合Kalman滤波方法同化地面自动站资料;然后对方案进行调整,对10 m高度风场、2 m高度位温、2 m高度露点和地表气压进行同化。通过均方根误差分析,模拟结果和同化增量分析来确定集合平方根滤波(EnSRF)同化地面自动站资料的有效性,并进行敏感性试验分析检验模式对各要素物理量的响应状况。结果表明:在EnSRF同化系统中应用Guo et al.(2002)的方案将地面自动站资料进行同化到数值模式中,能够部分改善模拟结果;地面观测资料(温度、湿度、风场、地表气压)中各物理量分别同化到数值模式都能影响18小时降水预报,但各物理量所起作用大小不同,其中对结果影响最大的是露点;使用位温、露点分别代替温度、比湿进行同化模拟效果更好,对自动站资料的同化也更加有效。 相似文献
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Modeling of suspended sediment transport with waveinduced longshore current in Huanghe (Yellow) River Delta 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
A three-dimensional suspended sediment model(SED)developed by the present authors is coupled with the combinatorial model of COHERENS(Luyten et al.,1999) (the three-dimensional coupled hydrodynamical-ecological model for Regional and Shelf Seas) and SWAN(Holthuijsen et al.,2004) (the third generation wave model).SWAN is regarded as a subroutine of COHERENS and gets time-and space-varying current velocity and surface elevation from COHERENS.COHERENS gets time-and space-varying wave relevant parameters provided by SWAN.Effects of wave on current are applied in bottom shear stress,wave-induced depth-dependent radiation stress and surface drag coefficient calculation.At the same time,the damping function of suspended sediment on turbulence is introduced into COHERENS.So the sediment model SED has feed back on circulation model COHERENS.The SED obtains current as sociated parameters from COHERENS.Then a couple dhydrodynamic-sediment model COHERENS-SED being able to account for interaction between wave and current is obtained.COHERENS-SED is adopted to simulate three-dimensional suspended sediment transport in the Huanghe River delta.In terms of simulation results,there is obvious diffierence between top and bottom layer of wave-induced longshore current.The values of time series of sediment concentration gotten by COHERENS-SED have,generally,an accepted agreement extent with measurement.Significant wave heights and wave periods obtained by COHERENS-SED show that wave simulation case with current’s effect can give better agreement extent with measurement than case without current’s effect.In the meantime,suspended sediment concentration distributing rule obtained by COHERENS-SED is similar to former researches and measurement. 相似文献
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