武汉市汉剧剧场的时空分布特征分析     

王红  丹晓飞  邓娅萍  段雨婕 《地理信息世界》2021,28(2):26-32

针对汉剧在文化全球化冲击背景下逐渐失去其影响力的问题,以武汉市为研究区域,汉剧剧场为研究对象,运用地理信息系统的方法对已有文字资料进行数据挖掘和可视化分析,探究近代武汉市汉剧剧场的空间分布规律,分析时空演变等影响因素.结果表明:在研究时段内,武汉市汉剧剧场从数量上呈现增多、减少、再增多的趋势;大革命到抗战胜利时期以及新中国成立后,剧场呈现聚集分布,其他时间分布较为离散;随着时间发展,汉剧剧场分布中心从长江北岸的汉口区逐渐趋向长江,最终移动到长江南岸;分布范围随武汉城市空间扩展而扩大.该研究直观表现了汉剧在武汉市的发展过程,可以为其他传统戏曲和民间文化的定量化研究提供一定参考.  相似文献   

Testing resilience thinking in a poverty context: Experience from the Niger River basin     

Christophe Béné  Louisa Evans  David Mills  Solomon Ovie  Aminu Raji  Ahmadu Tafida  Amaga Kodio  Famory Sinaba  Pierre Morand  Jacques Lemoalle  Neil Andrew 《Global Environmental Change》2011,21(4):1173-1184

Resilience thinking is an important addition to the range of frameworks and approaches that can be used to understand and manage complex social–ecological systems like small-scale fisheries. However, it is yet to lead to better environmental or development outcomes for fisheries stakeholders in terms of food security, improved livelihoods and ecological sustainability. This paper takes an empirical approach by focusing on the fundamentals of resilience thinking to evaluate its usefulness in developing relevant management interventions in small-scale fisheries in the Niger River Basin in West Africa. The paper presents the outputs of a participatory assessment exercise where both fishery communities and local experts were involved at two different scales. The resilience frame used was designed to facilitate the identification of socially defined thresholds that help delineate the desirability of the current system configuration and provides a diagnosis framework that tailors management solutions to problems in local context. The analysis highlights some key contributions from resilience thinking to the challenge of diagnosis in small-scale fisheries management in developing countries, as well as important contributions that emerge from taking a pragmatic and critical approach to its application.  相似文献   

新疆地区雪深和雪压的分布及其55年的变化特征分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

符传博  丹利  吴涧  魏荣庆 《地球物理学进展》2011,26(1):182-193

本文主要使用新疆地区109个气象站观测资料,对新疆地区雪深和雪压的分布和变化特征以及相关气象因子进行了系统分析,结果表明:新疆地区的积雪多年平均表现为北部多于南部,其中雪深和雪压最大值出现在新疆北部,数值分别为10 cm和10g/cm2.新疆积雪的季节特征较为明显,其中2月份积雪最大,雪深和雪压分别为9.2 cm和5....  相似文献   

The potential use of OH-defects in enstatite as geobarometer     

Felix Prechtel  Roland Stalder 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2011,162(3):615-623

In this study, single crystals of pure enstatite (Mg₂Si₂O₆) were synthesised under water-saturated conditions at 4 and 8 GPa and 1,150°C with variable silica activity, leading to phase assemblages enstatite + forsterite, enstatite or enstatite + coesite. Run products were investigated using an FTIR spectrometer equipped with a focal plane array detector enabling IR imaging with a lateral pixel resolution of 2.7 μm. IR spectra within the OH-absorption region show two different groups of absorption bands: group 1 (wavenumbers at 3,592 and 3,687 cm^?1) shows strongest absorptions for E||n _β, whereas group 2 (wavenumbers at 3,067 and 3,362 cm^?1) shows strongest absorptions for E||n _γ. The groups are related to different defect types, group 1 to tetrahedral defects (T-site vacancies) and group 2 to octahedral defects (M-site vacancies). The intensity ratio of the bands within one group (i.e. A ₃₀₆₇/A ₃₃₆₂ and A ₃₅₉₂/A ₃₆₈₇) and the intensity ratio of E||n _γ and E||n _α in group 2 bands remain constant within error. In contrast, the intensity ratio of group 2 to group 1 absorption bands [e.g. (A ₃₃₆₂)/(A ₃₆₈₇)] is sensitive to the SiO₂ activity and pressure. On the basis of the results of this and previous studies, a barometer for pure orthoenstatite coexisting with forsterite can be formulated:\( P\,[{\text{GPa}}] = 1.056 + \sqrt {{\frac{{1.025 - A_{{\left( {3362} \right)/\left[ {(3362) + (3687)} \right]}} }}{0.009}}} , \) where A ₍₃₃₆₂₎ and A ₍₃₆₈₇₎ are the integral absorbances of the component E||n _γ of the absorption bands at 3,362 cm^?1 and the component E||n _β of the absorption band at 3,687 cm^?1, respectively.  相似文献   

西藏灌木林种群分布格局     

张超  黄清麟  普布顿珠  旦增 《山地学报》2011,29(1)

以西藏地区370个灌木林标准地调查数据为基础,计算了包括负二项式K值、方差/均值比率t值、丛生指标、平均拥挤指数、聚块性指标、扩散指标、格林指数和Cassic指标,定量测度了各标准地内种群的分布格局类型及集聚强度,分析了西藏灌木种群分布格局随海拔和坡度的变化特征。研究结果表明,1.西藏优势灌木种群分布格局包括集群分布和随机分布两种,其中,随机分布占60%;2.随着海拔及坡度的增加,西藏灌木种群均呈现由集群分布向随机分布变化的趋势,且大部分地区的灌木种群呈随机分布。  相似文献   

Excess air during aquifer storage and recovery in an arid basin (Las Vegas Valley, USA)     

D. Kip Solomon  Erin Cole  Joseph F. Leising 《Hydrogeology Journal》2011,19(1):187-194

The Las Vegas Valley Water District in Nevada, USA, has operated an artificial recharge (AR) program since 1989. In summer 2001, observations of gas exsolving from tap water prompted a study that revealed total dissolved gas (TDG) pressures approaching 2?atm with a gas composition that it is predominantly air. Measurements of TDG pressure at well heads and in the distribution system indicated two potential mechanisms for elevated TDG pressures: (1) air entrainment during AR operations, and (2) temperature changes between the winter recharge season and the summer withdrawal season. Air entrainment during pumping was investigated by intentionally allowing the forebay (upstream reservoir) of a large pumping station to drawdown to the point of vortex formation. This resulted in up to a 0.7?atm increase in TDG pressure. In general, the solubility of gases in water decreases as the temperature increases. In the Las Vegas Valley, water that acquired a modest amount of dissolved gas during winter artificial recharge operations experienced an increase in dissolved gas pressure (0.04?atm/°C) as the water warmed in the subsurface. A combination of air entrainment during AR operations and its amplification by temperature increase after recharge can account for most of the observed amounts of excess gas at this site.  相似文献   

大渡河上游面雨量预报质量检验与释用          下载免费PDF全文

黄瑶  刘新超  淡嘉 《中低纬山地气象》2023,47(5):79-83

基于2019年6-10月中央气象台智能网格预报模式（NWGD）降水产品和CMPAS-V2.1融合降水分析实时数据产品,采用平均绝对误差、晴雨预报正确率、TS评分等方法评估该预报产品对大渡河上游面雨量的预报效果。评估结果表明：NWGD预报产品在大渡河上游面雨量的预报效果整体较好,平均绝对误差范围控制在5.6 mm以内,晴雨预报可信度较高。小雨的预报效果好于中雨,小雨的TS评分大于中雨,空报率和漏报率均低于中雨。将小雨和中雨分别做消空处理,小雨各预报时效消空处理后晴雨预报正确率提升不明显,而中雨预报效果有明显提升。  相似文献   

阿拉善高原近60年的气候变化          下载免费PDF全文

春喜  丹丹  毕力格  刘美萍  刘月  胡和达来 《水文》2013,33(2):43-50

阿拉善高原处于季风边缘区,生态环境极其脆弱,对气候干湿变化的响应极为敏感。利用近60a的逐月气温和降水量资料,采用非参数Mann-Kendall和Mann-whitney阶段性转换检验方法,分析了其变化趋势。结果表明,研究区气温在1988年前后发生突变,在该跃点后的19882010年的平均气温比19551987年要高1℃以上,有明显的增温趋势。而年降水量则无明显的增加趋势,尽管部分站点在1991年前后有微弱的增加迹象,但是区域尺度的降水突变还不存在,气候仍以暖干化为主,暂不能得出气候向暖湿转变的结论。  相似文献   

Developing environmental indices using fuzzy numbers ordered weighted averaging (FN-OWA) operators     

Rehan Sadiq  Solomon Tesfamariam 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2008,22(4):495-505

Environmental indices (EI) constitute a common communication tool that is often used to describe the overall status of environmental systems (air, water and soil). EI development entails the use of mathematical operators to aggregate various non-commensurate input parameters in a logical manner. The ordered weighted averaging (OWA) operator is a general mean type operator that provides flexibility in the aggregation process such that the aggregated value is bounded between minimum and maximum values of the input parameters. This flexibility of the OWA operator is realized through the concept of orness, which is a surrogate for decision maker’s attitude. The type of input parameters also affects the choice of aggregation operators. If the input parameters are linguistic or fuzzy, the aggregation through OWA operators is not possible, and the use of fuzzy arithmetic is warranted. The concept of fuzzy number OWA (FN-OWA) operators is explored to handle situations in which one or more input parameter has fuzzy (or linguistic) values. The proposed approach is demonstrated using data provided in an earlier study by Swamee and Tyagi (ASCE J Environ Eng 126(5):451–455, 2000) for establishing water quality indices. Multiple hypothetical scenarios are also generated to highlight the utility and sensitivity of the proposed approach.  相似文献   

Environmental decision-making under uncertainty using intuitionistic fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (IF-AHP)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Rehan Sadiq  Solomon Tesfamariam 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2009,23(1):75-91

Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is a utility theory based decision-making technique, which works on a premise that the decision-making of complex problems can be handled by structuring them into simple and comprehensible hierarchical structures. However, AHP involves human subjective evaluation, which introduces vagueness that necessitates the use of decision-making under uncertainty. The vagueness is commonly handled through fuzzy sets theory, by assigning degree of membership. But, the environmental decision-making problem becomes more involved if there is an uncertainty in assigning the membership function (or degree of belief) to fuzzy pairwise comparisons, which is referred to as ambiguity (non-specificity). In this paper, the concept of intuitionistic fuzzy set is applied to AHP, called IF-AHP to handle both vagueness and ambiguity related uncertainties in the environmental decision-making process. The proposed IF-AHP methodology is demonstrated with an illustrative example to select best drilling fluid (mud) for drilling operations under multiple environmental criteria.  相似文献