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31.
Konstantin D. Litasov Anton Shatskiy Eiji Ohtani Tomoo Katsura 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2011,38(1):75-84
The H2O content of wadsleyite were measured in a wide pressure (13–20 GPa) and temperature range (1,200–1,900°C) using FTIR method.
We confirmed significant decrease of the H2O content of wadsleyite with increasing temperature and reported first systematic data for temperature interval of 1,400–1,900°C.
Wadsleyite contains 0.37–0.55 wt% H2O at 1,600°C, which may be close to its water storage capacity along average mantle geotherm in the transition zone. Accordingly,
water storage capacity of the average mantle in the transition zone may be estimated as 0.2–0.3 wt% H2O. The H2O contents of wadsleyite at 1,800–1,900°C are 0.22–0.39 wt%, indicating that it can store significant amount of water even
under the hot mantle environments. Temperature dependence of the H2O content of wadsleyite can be described by exponential equation
C\textH2 \textO = 6 3 7.0 7 \texte - 0.00 4 8T , C_{{{\text{H}}_{2} {\text{O}}}} = 6 3 7.0 7 {\text{e}}^{ - 0.00 4 8T} , where T is in °C. This equation is valid for temperature range 1,200–2,100°C with the coefficient of determination R
2 = 0.954. Temperature dependence of H2O partition coefficient between wadsleyite and forsterite (D
wd/fo) is complex. According to our data apparent Dwd/fo decreases with increasing temperature from D
wd/fo = 4–5 at 1,200°C, reaches a minimum of D
wd/fo = 2.0 at 1,400–1,500°C, and then again increases to D
wd/fo = 4–6 at 1,700–1,900°C. 相似文献
32.
Thermal diffusivity of olivine under upper mantle conditions 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Tomoo Katsura 《Geophysical Journal International》1995,122(1):63-69
33.
Kiyoshi Fuji-ta Tomoo Katsura Takuya Matsuzaki Masahiro Ichiki Tomoyuki Kobayashi 《Tectonophysics》2007,434(1-4):93-101
We conducted electrical conductivity measurements perpendicular and parallel to mineral foliation in dry gneiss at up to 1000 K and a constant pressure of 1 GPa. The analyzed gneisses were obtained from the Higo metamorphic belt, Kyushu, Japan. As the metamorphic conditions of these rocks have been well determined by previous studies, we were able to select samples that were representative of the middle to lower crust. Prior to the conductivity measurements, the samples were maintained at the maximum temperature for a long period, until the electrical conductivity had stabilized. Our experiment results reveal linear and reproducible conductivity data between temperatures of 600 and 1000 K. Conductivity measured perpendicular and parallel to foliation differ by an order of magnitude over the same temperature window. A plausible explanation for this discrepancy in conductivity is the contrasting configuration of minerals in the two sample orientations, as observed by backscattered electron image (BEI) and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). We evaluated the conductivity and computed activation energy for each of the samples and compared the results with those of previous studies; our results are consistent with the conductivity values reported for other types of rocks. We also compared the experiment results with data derived from electromagnetic (EM) soundings. Electrical conductivity measurements undertaken perpendicular to foliation can account for the subsurface conductivity structure beneath central Kyushu, Japan. 相似文献
34.
Tomoo Katsura Sho Yokoshi Kazuyuki Kawabe Anton Shatskiy Maki Okube Hiroshi Fukui Eiji Ito Akifumi Nozawa Ken-ichi Funakoshi 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2007,34(4):249-255
The electrical conductivity of (Mg0.93Fe0.07)SiO3 ilmenite was measured at temperatures of 500–1,200 K and pressures of 25–35 GPa in a Kawai-type multi-anvil apparatus equipped
with sintered diamond anvils. In order to verify the reliability of this study, the electrical conductivity of (Mg0.93Fe0.07)SiO3 perovskite was also measured at temperatures of 500–1,400 K and pressures of 30–35 GPa. The pressure calibration was carried
out using in situ X-ray diffraction of MgO as pressure marker. The oxidation conditions of the samples were controlled by
the Fe disk. The activation energy at zero pressure and activation volume for ilmenite are 0.82(6) eV and −1.5(2) cm3/mol, respectively. Those for perovskite were 0.5(1) eV and −0.4(4) cm3/mol, respectively, which are in agreement with the experimental results reported previously. It is concluded that ilmenite
conductivity has a large pressure dependence in the investigated P–T range. 相似文献
35.
36.
H. Fukui O. Ohtaka T. Nagai T. Katsura K. Funakoshi W. Utsumi 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2000,27(6):367-370
Using the high-pressure differential thermal analysis (HP-DTA) system in a cubic multianvil high-pressure apparatus, we measured
the melting points of portlandite, Ca(OH)2, up to 6 GPa and 1000 °C. We detected endothermic behavior at the temperature and pressure conditions of 800 °C and 2.5 GPa,
769 °C and 3.5 GPa, 752 °C and 4.0 GPa, 686 °C and 5.0 GPa, and 596 °C and 6.0 GPa, respectively, due to melting of portlandite.
By in situ X-ray studies under pressure, the melting of portlandite was observed at 730 °C and 4.32 GPa and at 640 °C and 5.81 GPa,
respectively. Results of both HP-DTA and X-ray studies were consistent within experimental error. The melting is congruent
and has a negative Clapeyron slope, indicating that liquid Ca(OH)2 has higher densities than crystalline portlandite in this pressure range.
Received: 19 June 1999 / Revised, accepted: 11 September 1999 相似文献
37.
Recycled crustal melt injection into lithospheric mantle: implication from cumulative composite and pyroxenite xenoliths 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Hong-Fu Zhang Eizo Nakamura Katsura Kobayashi Ji-Feng Ying Yan-Jie Tang 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2010,99(6):1167-1186
A rare composite xenolith and abundant cumulative pyroxenites obtained from the Mesozoic Fangcheng basalts on the eastern
North China Craton record a complex history of melt percolation and circulation in the subcontinental lithospheric mantle.
The composite xenolith has a dunite core and an olivine clinopyroxenite rim. The dunite is of cumulative origin and has a
granular recrystallized texture and extremely low Mg# [100 Mg/(Mg + Fe) = 81–82] contents in olivines. The olivine clinopyroxenite
contains larger clinopyroxene and/or orthopyroxene with a few fine-grained olivine and tiny phlogopite, feldspar, and/or carbonate
minerals interstitial to clinopyroxene. The clinopyroxene has low Mg# (83–85). Compositional similarity between dunitic olivine
and pyroxenitic one indicates a sequential crystallization of dunite and pyroxenite from a precursor melt. Pyroxenite xenoliths
include olivine websterites and clinopyroxenites, both are of cumulative origin. Estimation of the melt from major oxides
in olivines and REE concentrations in clinopyroxenes in these composite and pyroxenite xenoliths suggests a derivation from
subducted crustal materials, consistent with the highly enriched EMII-like Sr and Nd isotopic ratios observed in the pyroxenites.
Occurrence of phlogopite, feldspar and carbonate minerals in some xenoliths requires the melt rich in alkalis (K, Na), silica
and volatiles (water and CO2) at the latest stage as well, similar to highly silicic and potassic melts. Thus, the occurrence of these composite and pyroxenite
xenoliths provides an evidence for voluminous injection of recycled crustal melts into the lithosphere beneath the southeastern
North China Craton at the Late Mesozoic, a reason for the rapid lithospheric enrichment in both elemental and isotopic compositions. 相似文献
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