东海沉积物中铁(Ⅲ)氧化物还原活性的动力学表征     

朱茂旭  范长清  杨桂朋  李铁 《海洋学报(英文版)》2012,31(4):67-76

运用还原性溶解动力学实验和活性连续体(reactive continuum)模型表征了东海表层和柱状沉积物中铁(Ⅲ)氧化物的还原活性及反应进程中的动力学行为,通过动力学数据拟合得到了活性铁氧化物理论含量m₀、表观速率常数k'和活性非均匀度γ。结果表明,表层沉积物中铁氧化物的m₀在26.14~60.51 μmol/g之间,变化较小;表征高活性铁氧化物还原动力学行为的标准化初始还原速率(J/m₀=k')变化也较小,最大相差仅7.25倍;但不同站位沉积物中铁氧化物活性的非均匀度变化较大,当铁氧化物溶解达到90%时,其速率与初始速率相差2~4个数量级。表层沉积物中铁氧化物的m₀,k'和γ 3个动力学参数之间不存在相关性;柱状沉积物中m₀,k'和γ 3个动力学参数都随深度的增加呈总体减小的趋势,且三者之间存在良好的线性关系,这是沉积物早期成岩作用中铁成岩循环的结果。与传统的化学提取相比,活性连续体模型得到3个动力学参数(m₀,k'和γ)能从多个角度表征铁氧化物还原活性和动力学行为的细微差别。  相似文献   

大兴安岭中段碾子山地区晚三叠世埃达克质侵入岩的发现及其地质意义     

符安宗  杨文鹏  刘渊  赵寒冬  王贵鹏  石国明  李金明  邓昌州 《现代地质》2022,36(1):266-281

为加深对大兴安岭中段早中生代构造背景的认识,选取碾子山地区早中生代花岗岩开展岩石学、年代学和元素地球化学研究.结果表明,该地区早中生代花岗岩岩石组合为正长花岗岩和石英二长岩,其LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为225.6～228.9 Ma,形成于晚三叠世.二者的地球化学特征与埃达克岩的地球化学特征非常类似,如高Al2...  相似文献   

南海北部海水中氨基酸的分布及其对溶解有机物降解行为的指示研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈岩  杨桂朋  纪崇霄  杨程 《海洋学报》2017,39(9):58-70

于2015年6月对南海北部海区5个断面共26个站位海水中溶解态氨基酸（THAA）、溶解有机碳（DOC）和叶绿素a（Chl a）的浓度进行了科学调查。结果表明:夏季南海北部海水中THAA的浓度范围为0.40~1.95 μmol/L,平均值为（0.80±0.40） μmol/L,THAA的水平分布总体上体现出近岸高、远海低的特点,表明陆源输入对南海北部海域表层THAA分布有重要影响。THAA在断面上的垂直分布呈现出由近岸至远岸、由表层至底层逐渐降低的趋势。THAA浓度与两种D型氨基酸（D-谷氨酸:D-Glu和D-丙氨酸:D-Ala）含量之间存在显著负相关性,与天门冬氨酸/β-丙氨酸（Asp/β-Ala）和谷氨酸/γ-氨基丁酸（Glu/γ-Aba）比值之间存在显著正相关性,表明细菌的消耗是影响南海海水中THAA浓度的重要因素。D-Ala作为细菌肽聚糖中相对稳定的氨基酸,根据其占DOC的含量估算南海海水中的细菌源有机碳对DOC的贡献率为（29.32±14.32）%,其水平分布显示出近岸低、远岸高的特点;而其垂直分布则呈现出从表层至底层逐渐增加的趋势。THAA占DOC百分比（THAA-C%）的变化范围为1.02%~5.49%,平均值为（2.97±1.38）%。THAA-C%、活性因子和降解因子的高值均出现在珠江口外围区域。随着海水深度增加3种降解因子的数值均显著降低,这表明底层海水中有机物比表层海水中的有机物降解程度更大。  相似文献   

Chemical properties of colored dissolved organic matter in the sea-surface microlayer and subsurface water of Jiaozhou Bay, China in autumn and winter     

ZHANG Jing  YANG Guipeng 《海洋学报(英文版)》2013,32(6):26-39

The distribution and chemical properties of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in the Jiaozhou Bay, China were examined during four cruises in 2010-2011. The influence of freshwater and industrial and municipal sewage along the eastern coast of the bay was clearly evident as CDOM levels (defined as a 305 ), and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations were well correlated with salinity during all the cruises. Moreover, DOC concentrations were significantly correlated with chlorophyll a concentrations in the surface microlayer as well as in the subsurface water. The concentrations of DOC and CDOM displayed a gradually decreasing trend from the northwestern and eastern coast to the central bay, and the values and gradients of their concentrations on the eastern coast were generally higher than those on the western coast. In addition, CDOM and DOC levels were generally higher in the surface microlayer than in the subsurface water. In comparison with DOC, CDOM exhibited a greater extent of enrichment in the microlayer in each cruise, with average enrichment factor (E F ) values of 1.38 and 1.84, respectively. Four fluorescent components were identified from the surface microlayer and subsurface water samples and could be distinguished as peak A, peak T, peak B and peak M. For all the cruises, peak A levels were higher in the surface microlayer than in the subsurface water. This pattern of variation might be attributed to the terrestrial input.  相似文献   

Progress on Analytical Methods of Amino Sugars in Environmental Samples     

Jin’e Wei  Honghai Zhang  Yan Chen  Guipeng Yang 《地球科学进展》2019,34(1):84-92

As a kind of important biogenic organic matter, amino sugars can effectively provide insights for the source of organic matters and the contribution of bacterial organic matters based on their concentrations and compositions in the environment. A large number of studies on the analysis of amino sugars have been conducted for environmental samples throughout the world. However, comprehensive and systematic reviews of new progress on the analytical method are still rare. From the aspects of pretreatment methods and detection techniques, the advantages and disadvantages and applicable conditions of three common methods (eg. gas chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography and infrared spectroscopy) were systematically summarized. In terms of pretreatment, the process of the gas chromatography is cumbersome and requires derivatization, while the pretreatment of high performance liquid chromatography is relatively simple and easier to automate. In respect of instrument detection, the gas chromatography can detect four amino sugars (glucosamine, galactosamine, mannosamine and muramic acid) simultaneously and is more stable than the high performance liquid chromatography. In addition, the infrared spectroscopy method has the advantages of structural qualitative, however, its sensitivity is lower. There is no analytical method that can guarantee both sensitive analysis of amino sugars and experimental efficiency. Therefore, the analytical method should be reasonably selected according to the form of the sample and the requirements in the analysis of amino sugars. Further work should focus on economy, compatibility and online automation of analytical methods, so as to provide technical support for the research on biogeochemical processes of amino sugars in the environment.  相似文献   

甘肃夏河—合作成矿带早子沟金矿绿色矿山建设分析     

田向盛  侯翠霞  姜桂鹏  于明海  吴锋  蒲万峰 《现代地质》2021,35(6):1727-1732

建设绿色矿山是新形势下保证矿业可持续健康发展的必由之路,是在恢复生态系统基础上实现自然、经济和社会系统共同发展的必然选择。早子沟金矿是甘南藏族自治州第一个国家级绿色矿山。在绿色矿山建设过程中,树立了绿色发展理念,在采矿、选矿、资源高效综合利用、节能减排、安全生产等方面均进行了科技创新,确保了矿山开发、生态环境、地方群众的和谐统一,形成了具有开采方式科学化、生产工艺环保化、资源利用高效化、企业管理规范化、矿山及社区环境生态化的高标准绿色矿山企业,可为区域绿色矿业发展提供参考。  相似文献   

海水中无机物的光化学反应   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

王玉珏  杨桂朋 《海洋通报》2004,23(2):73-81

综述了近几十年来国内外关于海水中无机物的光化学反应的研究状况。首先,阐述了海洋光化学在海洋科学中的重要性,历年来的发展状况以及海水的光化学与其它相关领域之间的相互影响作用。其次,本文分别从阴离子的光化学反应,阳离子的光化学反应和过氧化氢的光化学反应三个方面对海水中无机物的光化学反应进行了论述,详细介绍了铁、锰、铜、汞、过氧化氢、硝酸盐和碘化物随反应介质、温度、酸碱度、有机物浓度和光照等外界因素的不同而发生的光化学反应的变化。另外,讨论了上述物质发生光化学反应的主控因素及其在反应过程中对周围环境的影响作用,并对部分物质的反应机理作了介绍。最后,本文指出了这一研究领域存在的问题和不足,并提出今后的研究建议。  相似文献   

Land use transition and rural spatial governance: Mechanism,framework and perspectives     

Ge  Dazhuan  Zhou  Guipeng  Qiao  Weifeng  Yang  Mengqi 《地理学报(英文版)》2020,30(8):1325-1340

Journal of Geographical Sciences - The pattern for utilization of rural space is closely related to rural transformation development (RTD). The problem of rural space utilization is an important...  相似文献   

西太平洋秋季130°E断面有色溶解有机物的分布特征及光降解行为研究     

刘可  杨琳  杨桂朋  张婧 《海洋学报》2020,42(10):121-131

对2018年秋季西太平洋130°E断面上层水体有色溶解有机物(CDOM)的光学特性及光降解行为进行了研究。结果表明,西太平洋上层水体CDOM的吸收系数a(320)变化范围为0.025～0.64 m?1,平均值为(0.20±0.08) m?1;a(320)在表层相对较低,主要与表层CDOM的光漂白去除有关;在100～200 m水层较高,主要与次表层的生物活动有关。利用三维荧光光谱?平行因子分析技术,识别出两种荧光组分:类酪氨酸组分C1和海洋类腐殖质组分C2。C1主要源于棉兰老冷涡?上升流所带来的营养物质对浮游植物生产活动和微生物活动的促进作用;C2主要源于黑潮所带来的海洋类腐殖的输入。光化学降解实验发现,CDOM吸收值的损失主要发生在紫外波段;光照60 h后,类酪氨酸组分相较于海洋类腐殖质组分更易发生光降解;且光降解是西太平洋海域CDOM的重要去除途径。  相似文献   

夏季长江口及其邻近海域挥发性卤代烃的分布和海-气通量研究     

汪浩  何真  张婧  杨桂朋 《海洋学报》2018,40(10):96-109

运用吹扫-捕集气相色谱法测定了2017年夏季长江口及其邻近海域海水中4种常见的挥发性卤代烃（VHCs,包括一氟三氯甲烷（CFC-11）、碘甲烷（CH₃I）、三氯甲烷（CH₃CCl₃）和四氯乙烯（C₂Cl₄））以及大气中CFC-11、CH₃I和C₂Cl₄的浓度。结果表明,表层海水中4种VHCs浓度的水平分布受长江径流输入影响强烈,整体上呈现近岸高、远海低的趋势。垂直方向上4种VHCs浓度最高值出现在10 m水层,长江口内断面的浓度整体高于口外断面的浓度。海水中VHCs的浓度分布受水文环境、生物释放和人为因素等的共同影响。相关性分析表明CH₃I与Chl a浓度不存在明显的相关性,而CFC-11与CH₃I、C₂Cl₄浓度存在显著相关性（P<0.01）,表明调查海域人为源对CH₃I和C₂Cl₄的影响大于天然源。大气中CFC-11、CH₃I和C₂Cl₄的浓度分布整体上呈现近岸高、远海低的趋势。CFC-11的浓度低于全球平均值,表明我国CFC-11的排放得到了有效控制。后向轨迹分析表明来自近岸的陆源污染物的扩散和输送是调查海域大气中3种VHCs的重要来源。CFC-11、CH₃I和C₂Cl₄的海-气通量平均值分别为24.99 nmol/（m2·d）、7.80 nmol/（m2·d）、1.55 nmol/（m2·d）,表明夏季长江口及其邻近海域是大气中这3种VHCs的源。  相似文献