2003年与1999年楚科奇海海冰的差异及其发生原因   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

朱大勇  赵进平  史久新 《极地研究》2005,17(1):11-22

我国在1999年和2003年进行了两次北极考察,这两年海冰的冰情差别很大,分别对应冰情较重和较轻的年份。本文利用卫星遥感资料对1999年和2003年的海冰分布状况及其差异进行了全面的分析,并利用气温和风场资料深入研究形成这种差异的动力学原因。结果表明, 2003年的海冰冰情与1999年相比要轻很多,海冰面积在春季融冰季节和秋季冻结季节显著减小。2003年春季,来自白令海的海水提早半个月进入楚科奇海,导致海冰大范围融化。但是,到了夏季,海冰的面积减少过程停滞下来。而秋季楚科奇海封冻过程比1999年晚半个月。以上这些特征形成了2003年与1999年海冰的显著差异。研究结果表明, 2003年春季和秋季的气温比1999年要明显增高,最大月平均温差接近18°C,显著的高温为海冰融化的加剧和冻结的推迟提供了热量。直接影响海冰分布的是海面风场,两年风场的差异产生了来自白令海的太平洋入流的差异,对春季海冰融化的提前、夏季入流的减弱和秋季冻结过程的推迟起到关键的作用。季节性气象要素的年际差异可以归因于整个北极的AO系统变化, 2003年AO指数是正值, 1999年为负值,成为楚科奇海局地海冰变化的气候背景。  相似文献   

The fundamental characteristics of current in the Bering Strait and the Chukchi Sea from July to September 2003   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

LI Lei  DU Ling  ZHAO Jinping  ZUO Juncheng  LI Peiliang 《海洋学报(英文版)》2005,24(6):1-11

1Introduction TheBeringStraitactsasashallowchannelbe- tweenthePacificandtheArcticOcean(seeFig.1). TheBeringStraitislessthan60mdeepandconnects theChukchiSeatothenorthandtheBeringSeatothe south.TheChukchiSeaisamarginalseaoftheArctic Oceanwithsome50mdeep(Woodgateetal.,2004). TheBeringStraitthroughflowplaysanimportantrole inthestratificationoftheArcticOcean,especiallyin theprimarywaterpropertiesoftheChukchiSea. Aagaardetal.(1985)arguedthatbecauseofthe coastalgeometry,therewerewind-driven…  相似文献   

基于SPOT 多光谱影像的耕地质量评价 ——-以山东省即墨市为例   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

方琳娜  宋金平 《地理科学进展》2008,27(5):71-78

基于2004 年SPOT 多光谱影像、2004 年耕地地力调查数据等, 以山东省即墨市为例, 开展耕地质量评价 研究。采用RS 技术, 从SPOT 多光谱影像中提取耕地质量评价因子, 如反映土壤肥力状况、水分状况、土壤退化状 况等不同信息的NDVI、DVI、RVI, 结合坡度信息、土地利用程度等, 构建了基于RS 技术的耕地质量评价指标体系。 根据压力- 状态- 响应框架( PSR) , 构建评价模型, 旨在开展遥感技术在耕地质量评价中的应用研究。评价结果表明, 即墨市耕地质量普遍较好。研究将该市耕地分为六个等级, 并针对不同等级因地制宜地提出了耕地资源保护的政 策建议。  相似文献   

北极加拿大海盆中一个次表层涡旋的结构研究          下载免费PDF全文

史久新  赵进平  矫玉田  曹勇 《极地研究》2008,19(1):1-13

利用2003年7-9月中国第二次北极科学考察期间,在北冰洋加拿大海盆的一个冰站上得到的温度、盐度和流速的连续剖面观测资料,对一个次表层的北冰洋涡旋进行了分析。在温度断面图中,该涡旋表现为一个核心位于60m深度、最低温度为-1.5°C的孤立冷水块,比周边水体的温度低约0.5°C。涡旋中的等密度面呈现凸透镜的结构,表明该涡旋是反气旋式的。虽然同步观测的流场中确实存在速度接近0.4ms-1的异常强流,但实测流场的结构却与一个典型的涡旋流场相去甚远。进一步分析发现,涡旋所在的次表层流场存在变化幅度与涡旋旋转速度相当的惯性频率振荡。在滤除惯性流和平均流之后,得到了轴对称的涡旋流场,涡旋的最大流速半径约为5km。对涡旋核心及其周边海域水体的温盐性质对比分析表明,该涡旋可能在楚科奇陆架上形成,然后向东北方向运动并进入了加拿大海盆。  相似文献   

Ammonium adsorption by tidal flat surface sediments from the Yangtze Estuary   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

L.?J.?Hou  M.?LiuEmail author  H.?Y.?Jiang  S.?Y.?Xu  D.?N.?Ou  Q.?M.?Liu  B.?L.?Zhang 《Environmental Geology》2003,45(1):72-78

Ammonium adsorption by sediments plays an important role in the cycle of nitrogen in the estuarine tidal flat ecosystem. Ammonium adsorption on tidal flat sediments from the Yangtze estuary was studied using the simulation experiment. The findings indicated that there was linear adsorption by the tidal flat sediments for the lower ammonium concentration (<10 mM) in the overlying waters. The adsorption coefficient of ammonium in the study area ranged from 3.81 to 9.00, and had a significant positive correlation with total organic carbon (r = 0.779, = 0.02284 , n=8), reflecting that organic matter might be one of the main factors controlling the behavior of ammonium adsorption. It also showed that salinity had a pronounced effect on ammonium adsorption, and that salinity affected the distribution of ammonium between the sediments and waters. The amount of ammonium adsorption on sediments gradually decreased with the increasing salinity. Especially within the range of lower salinity, just a little change of salinity had a dramatic influence on ammonium adsorption by sediments.  相似文献   

基于星间测距/轨道定向参数约束的导航卫星自主定轨研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

陈金平  焦文海  马骏  宋小勇 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2005,30(5):439-443

研究了导航卫星自主导航问题，提出了基于星间测距和轨道定向参数约束的导航卫星自主定轨方法，通过该方法的可行性分析，得到一些有益结论。  相似文献   

广州市似大地水准面精化的研究     

林鸿  欧海平  杨光 《现代测绘》2005,28(5):15-16

阐述广州市似大地水准面精化的目的及意义,明确该项目的总体目标,以及实施的技术方案.  相似文献   

Determination of averaging period parameter and its effects analysis for eddy covariance measurements     

SUN Xiaomin  ZHU Zhilin  Xu Jinping  YUAN Guofu  ZHOU Yanlian  ZHANG Renhua 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(Z1)

It is more and more popular to estimate the exchange of water vapor, heat and CO2fluxes between the land surface and the atmosphere using the eddy covariance technique. To get believable fluxes, it is necessary to correct the observations based on the different surface conditions and to determine relevant techinical parameters. The raw 10 Hz eddy covariance data observed in the Yucheng and Changbai Mountains stations were recalculated by various averaging periods (from 1 to 720 min) respectively, and the recalculated results were compared with the results calculated by the averaging period of 30 mins. Meanwhile, the distinctions of fluxes calculated by different averaging periods were analyzed. The continuous 15 days observations over wheat fields in the Yucheng station were mainly analyzed. The results are shown that: (i) In the Yucheng station, compared with the observations by 30 min, when the averaging period changes from 10 to 60 min, the variations of the eddy-covariance estimates of fluxes were less than 2%; when the averaging period changes less than 10 min, the estimate of fluxes reduced obviously with the reduction of the averaging period (the max relative error was -12%); and when the averaging period exceeds 120 min, the eddy covariance estimates of fluxes will be increased and become unsteady (the max relative error is over 10%); (ii) the eddy covariance estimates of fluxes over wheat field in the Yucheng station suggusted that it is much better to take 10 min as an averaging period in studying diurnal change of fluxes, and take 30min for a long-term flux observation; and (iii) normalized ratio was put forward to determine the range of averaging period of eddy covariance measurements. By comparing the observations over farmlands and those over forests, it is indicated that the increase of eddy covariance estimates over tall forest was more than that over short vegetation when the averaging period increased.  相似文献   

An operational two-layer remote sensing model to estimate surface flux in regional scale: Physical background     

ZHANG Renhua  SUN Xiaomin  WANG Weimin  Xu Jinping  ZHU Zhilin  TIAN Jing 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(Z1)

Based on the improved interaction mechanism of two-layer model, this paper proposed Pixel Component Arranging and Comparing Algorithm (PCACA) and theoretically positioning algorithm, estimated the true temperature of mixed pixel in four extreme points in combination with the measurements of dry and wet points in calibration fields and improved the reliability of positioning dry and wet line. A new two-layer energy-separation algorithm was proposed,which was simple and direct without resistance network parameters for each pixel. We also proposed a new thought about the effect of advection. The albedo of mixed pixel was also separated with PCACA. In combination with two-layer energy-separation algorithm, the net radiation of mixed pixel was separated to overcome the uncertainty of conventional energy-separation algorithm using Beer's Law. Through the validation of retrieval result, this method is proved to be feasible and operational. At the same time, the uncertainty of this algorithm was objectively analyzed.  相似文献   

论内蒙大井铜-锡多金属矿区旋转构造体系   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王永争  覃功炯  袁跃清  欧强 《矿产与地质》2005,19(4):355-360

首次提出“旋转构造体系”在本区铜、锡的成矿上起着至关重要的作用,它控制着地层、岩脉、构造与矿脉的分布及产出.区内主要构造格架的特征表现为：在海西期构造的基础上,燕山期发生旋转,即在F1、F2等NE向压扭性左行断裂构造夹持的地块因剪切作用而发生整体顺时针的旋转;形成的配套构造包括呈羽状排布与同步剪切的近SN向的F3、F4、F5、F6压扭性断裂和NWW向张扭性断裂（矿脉主要充填于该组中）;同时造成矿区内地层、岩脉的走向与区域上的走向的极不协调.  相似文献