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21.
舟山水域的三角藤壶Balanus trigonus Darwin对基物无明显的选择性。它主要分布在远岸盐度大于30的水域,风浪作用较小的湾(天山)处数量最大。在垂向上,以15～20m水层数量最大。种群结构因时间、地点而异。枸杞的三角藤壶在污损生物群落中占有重要地位,夏季沿岸区的生物量占污损生物生物总量的98.2％。本季,特别是7、8月份是三角藤壶防除的关键时期。本文还讨论了三角藤壶种群的生长参数和死亡率及其与环境因素的关系。 相似文献
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Stephen H. Ewart 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2012,11(2):205-212
To explore the polysaccharides from selected seaweeds of Atlantic Canada and to evaluate their potential anti-influenza virus activities, polysaccharides were isolated from several Atlantic Canadian seaweeds, including three red algae (Polysiphonia lanosa, Furcellaria lumbricalis, and Palmaria palmata), two brown algae (Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus), and one green alga (Ulva lactuca) by sequential extraction with cold water, hot water, and alkali solutions. These polysaccharides were ana-lyzed for monosaccharide composition and other general chemical properties, and they were evaluated for anti-influenza virus activities. Total sugar contents in these polysaccharides ranged from 15.4% (in U. lactuca) to 91.4% (in F. lumbricalis); sulfation level was as high as 17.6% in a polysaccharide from U. lactuca, whereas it could not be detected in an alikali-extract from P. palmaria. For polysaccharides from red seaweeds, the main sugar units were sulfated galactans (agar or carrageenan) for P. lanosa, F. lumbricalis, and xylans for P. palmata. In brown seaweeds, the polysaccharides largely contained sulfated fucans, whereas the polysaccharides in green seaweed were mainly composed of heteroglycuronans. Screening for antiviral activity against influenza A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) virus revealed that brown algal polysaccharides were particularly effective. Seaweeds from Atlantic Canada are a good source of marine polysaccharides with potential antiviral properties. 相似文献
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Rotifer community structure was investigated in Yangcheng Lake in 2008. Dominant species and species diversity indices were determined and QB/T was used to assess water quality. The annual average density and biomass of the rotifers in Yangcheng Lake was 2 894 ± 1 006 ind./L and 12.47 ± 10.28 mg/L, respectively. The highest densities were observed in the western portion of the lake in March, but the highest biomass occurred in inflowing creeks in September. Within a year of monitoring in Yangcheng Lake, 93 species were identified and the dominant species were found to be Polyarthra trigla, Brachionus angularis, Keratella cochlearis, Keratella valga, Brachionus calyciflorus, and Filinia major. Of the species recorded, 75 were pollution indicator species. Density and biomass exhibited significant positive correlations with water temperature (R = 0.209, P = 0.003; R = 0.446, P = 0.000), but the peak density showed two lags in response to chl a. According to the Jaccard similarity index (SJ), the greatest similarity among dominant species occurred between creeks and the eastern part of the lake. The annual average Shannon-Wiener diversity index H’, Margalef richness index D and Pielou evenness index J were 1.96 ± 0.34, 1.61 ± 0.50 and 0.77 ± 0.10, respectively. In all four areas of Yangcheng Lake, β- mesosaprobic species comprised the largest share of pollution indicator species. These data suggest that Yangcheng Lake is mesosaprobic. 相似文献
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在实验室条件下开展了中华哲水蚤(Calanus sinicus)对海洋赤潮藻环状异帽藻(Heterocapsa circularisquama)的生物滤食及其影响因子研究。结果表明藻浓度、温度、盐度和光周期等对中华哲水蚤的滤食率均有显著的影响(P0.01)。中华哲水蚤对环状异帽藻的滤食率随藻浓度的增加呈递增趋势;在10～20℃时,中华哲水蚤对环状异帽藻的滤食活动随温度的升高而增强,表现为滤食率G和清滤率F都同时上升,最佳滤食温度是20℃;18～24盐度是中华哲水蚤滤食环状异帽藻的适宜盐度,低于或高于该盐度范围,F和G都降低;中华哲水蚤对环状异帽藻的滤食率和清滤率对光周期的响应完全一致,均在全黑暗条件下为最佳,在全光照条件下达最低。 相似文献
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WU Huixian SHEN Chen WANG Qiong Richard B. ARONSON CHEN Chen XUE Junzeng 《海洋湖沼学报（英文）》2019,(2):580-588
Phytoplankton diversity and abundance were determined in ballast water from 26 vessels in the Shanghai Yangshan Deep-Water Port from April 2015 to January 2016. In total, 84 species of phytoplankton were identified, belonging to 43 genera and 5 phyla. Bacillariophyta (75.0%, including 30 genera and 63 species) were the dominant algae in the ballast water. Their density ranged from (5.55±9.62) SD to (1.878±0.872)×10 3 cells/L, with a mean of 410.1 cells/L. Nine potentially harmful phytoplankton taxa were detected: Ceratium furca , Ce . marcroceros , Leptocylindrus danicus , Coscinodiscus radiatus , Co . granii , Prorocentrum micans , Melosira sulcata , Meuniera membranacea and Skeletonema costatum . Our survey and identification results showed that Microcystis aeruginosa , Ankistrodesmus falcatus and Scenedesmus survived in the high-salinity ballast water, even though they are freshwater species. We identified the common features of surviving phytoplankton and impacts on the phytoplankton assemblage of ballast water age and source. Our goal was to understand the adaptative mechanisms of phytoplankton in ballast water, providing statistical and theoretical support for future ballast water research and suggesting a scientific basis of ballast water management and inspection of vessels entering the port. 相似文献
27.
Phytoplankton diversity and abundance were determined in ballast water from 26 vessels in the Shanghai Yangshan Deep-Water Port from April 2015 to January 2016. In total, 84 species of phytoplankton were identified, belonging to 43 genera and 5 phyla. Bacillariophyta(75.0%, including 30 genera and63 species) were the dominant algae in the ballast water. Their density ranged from(5.55±9.62) SD to(1.878±0.872)×10~3 cells/L, with a mean of 410.1 cells/L. Nine potentially harmful phytoplankton taxa were detected: Ceratium furca, Ce. marcroceros, Leptocylindrus danicus, Coscinodiscus radiatus, Co. granii,Prorocentrum micans, Melosira sulcata, Meuniera membranacea and Skeletonema costatum. Our survey and identification results showed that Microcystis aeruginosa, Ankistrodesmus falcatus and Scenedesmus survived in the high-salinity ballast water, even though they are freshwater species. We identified the common features of surviving phytoplankton and impacts on the phytoplankton assemblage of ballast water age and source. Our goal was to understand the adaptative mechanisms of phytoplankton in ballast water,providing statistical and theoretical support for future ballast water research and suggesting a scientific basis of ballast water management and inspection of vessels entering the port. 相似文献
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A Comparative Analysis of Four Kinds of Polysaccharides Purified from Furcellaria lumbricalis 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
BARROW Colin 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2007,6(1):16-20
1 Introduction Carrageenan, a water-soluble sulfated polymer, usually extracted from red algae, has been widely used in food industry due to its unique properties, such as gelation, emulsification, protein stabilizer, and so on. There are at least 13 types of carrageenans defined structurally based on the content of sulfate, galactose (Gal) and 3,6-anhydro-galactose (AnG), but only three types of them are commercially available, i.e., κ-, ι- and λ-type carrageenan. Different red algae prod… 相似文献
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洋山港浮游植物群落特征研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
洋山港是上海航运的枢纽港,2009年1月～12月对洋山港浮游植物群落进行了生态学研究,共鉴定浮游植物5门58属112种,含赤潮藻类5门21属34种,群落结构组成以硅藻为主。其中优势种由具槽帕拉藻(Paralia sulcata)、具翼漂流藻(Planktoniella blanda)、辐射圆筛藻(Cosci-nodiscus radiatus)、格氏圆筛藻(Coscinodiscus granii)、条纹小环藻(Cyclotella striata)、扭曲小环藻(Cyclotella comta)、菱形海线藻(Thalassionema nitzschioides)、尖刺伪菱形藻(Pseudo-nitzschiapungens)以及短柄曲壳藻(Achnanthes brevipes)等构成。浮游植物细胞丰度变化范围是(6.15×104～1.39×104)ind/L,全年平均值为3.32×104ind/L,11月细胞丰度达到最高值,其次为3月,呈现双峰型的周年变化规律。硅藻在全年的浮游植物细胞丰度组成中始终占据绝对优势地位。相关性分析发现,浮游植物细胞丰度、温度和溶解氧两两间呈现出极显著相关性(P<0.01),其中仅细胞丰度与溶解氧之间呈现正相关(r>0),其余两两间为负相关关系(r<0)。 相似文献
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新疆阿勒泰二牧水库是干旱区低盐型盐湖,其水质的好坏受到环境变化的影响较大,湖中浮游植物群落的变化可以很好反应水质情况的变化。于2008年7月(平水期)、10月(枯水期)和2009年5月(丰水期)对水库内浮游植物进行调查分析,以期掌握二牧水库浮游植物群落动态变化情况。调查期间,共出现浮游植物6门71种(属),其中优势种为类颤藻鱼腥藻(Anabaena oscillar-ioides)、小席藻(Phormidium tenus)、铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginisa)、广源小环藻(Cyclotellabodanica)和针形纤维藻(Ankistrodesmus acicularis)。二牧水库浮游植物种类组成呈现绿藻-硅藻优势的特征,各采样时期浮游植物细胞密度变化趋势为:7月(1.50±1.20×107 cells/L)>10月(5.43±1.44×105 cells/L)>5月(9.05±1.28×104 cells/L)。文中探讨了浅型盐水水库浮游植物种类组成、密度的季节演替和多样性变化趋势的特点。 相似文献