野外模拟扰动对太湖微囊藻群体大小的影响     

杨桂军  钟春妮  秦伯强  王玉兵  王晓平 《湖泊科学》2017,29(2):363-368

风浪扰动是影响湖泊生态系统重要的环境因素之一.为了解风浪扰动对湖泊微囊藻群体大小的影响,在野外模拟了风浪扰动对太湖微囊藻群体大小的影响.结果表明,实验组模拟风浪连续扰动24 h,扰动结束时实验组和对照组微囊藻群体大小分别为68.38和12.56μm,实验组和对照组微囊藻群体大小呈极显著差异;扰动结束时实验组和对照组微囊藻胞外多糖含量分别为1.49×10~~(-6)和1.26×10~(-6)mg/cell,二者差异显著.表明适当强度的风浪扰动短时间内能促使微囊藻群体显著增大,有助于人们对太湖微囊藻水华暴发机理的认识.  相似文献   

大型湖库滨岸带蓝藻水华堆积风险评估——以巢湖为例     

钱瑞  彭福利  薛坤  齐凌艳  段洪涛  邱银国  陈青  陈粉丽  高俊峰  黄佳聪 《湖泊科学》2022,34(1):49-60

淡水湖库富营养化与蓝藻水华是全球性的突出水环境问题,尤其是滨岸带严重蓝藻水华堆积甚至造成了水体黑臭、威胁饮用水安全等严重危害,科学评估滨岸带蓝藻水华堆积风险、精准识别蓝藻水华易堆积区域是水环境管理与研究中亟待解决的关键科学问题.本研究以我国长江中下游的大型浅水富营养化湖泊巢湖为研究对象,依托流域水文与湖泊水动力模拟、遥...  相似文献   

1856年重庆小南海地震地质灾害成因探讨          下载免费PDF全文

王赞军  秦娟  李翠平  王宏超  董娣  龚丽文  唐茂云 《地震工程学报》2019,41(3):813-822

基于课题调查研究,解析历史地震记载和小南海地震遗址的现存形迹,梳理前人的认识,推算重力崩塌的势能及其相当的地震震级,探讨几种可能的地震地质灾害成因,同时也提出其他可能的诱发因素,认为小南海地震地质灾害可能是多次构造地震叠加的结果,也可能是纯粹的山体自然坍塌形成的塌陷型地震,而彻底揭开小南海地震地质灾害谜团还需人类科研实践的进一步发展,也需要更广泛学科的共同探讨。  相似文献   

空间波数混合域磁异常场积分解三维数值模拟          下载免费PDF全文

李昆  戴世坤  陈轻蕊  张钱江  赵东东  王顺国  凌嘉宣 《地球物理学报》2019,62(11):4437-4450

本文提出一种空间波数混合域磁异常场三维数值模拟方法.该方法利用磁位三维空间域积分为卷积的特点,沿水平方向进行二维傅里叶变换,把空间域磁位满足的三维积分问题转化为不同波数之间相互独立的垂向一维积分问题.保留垂向为空间域,优势之一在于便于浅层单元剖分可适当加密,随着深度增加,单元剖分适当稀疏,可以准确模拟任意复杂地形和磁性体的磁异常,兼顾了计算精度与计算效率;优势之二在于一维积分垂向可离散为多个单元积分之和,每个单元采用二次形函数表征磁化强度,可得出单元积分的解析表达式,计算精度高、效率高.该方法充分利用一维形函数积分的高效和高精度、快速傅里叶变换的高效性及算法高度并行性,实现了磁异常场高效、高精度的数值模拟.设计棱柱体模型,将模型解析解与空间波数混合域法的数值解对比,结果表明该方法计算精度高、效率高.设计了组合棱柱体复杂模型,对比分析了标准FFT扩边法与Gauss-FFT法的计算精度与计算效率,总结了标准FFT的扩边系数选取策略.针对任意复杂地形条件下的磁异常模拟问题,本文提出一种适用于起伏地形条件下的磁异常场快速计算方法,并对其有效性进行了验证.  相似文献   

单裂缝不同传播方向Krauklis波振幅变化的实验研究          下载免费PDF全文

丁拼搏  秦菽苑  刘海浩  狄帮让  李向阳 《地球物理学报》2019,62(12):4794-4804

裂缝广泛分布于地壳岩石中并具有多尺度的特点,研究地震波在裂缝介质中的传播规律具有重要的科学意义和应用价值.含流体的裂缝中传播的Krauklis波(也曾被称为慢流体波、裂缝波、斯通利导波等)近年来逐渐成为地球物理学界的研究热点之一.本研究利用地震物理模型技术研究横波在单裂缝样品中传播时随传播方向变化的响应特征,在实验室用环氧树脂为基质构建模型样品,一个为不含裂缝的参考样品,一个为含直径30 mm、厚度0.2 mm的薄币状单裂缝的模型,利用0.5 MHz换能器测试了横波在模型中传播时透射信号的特征.实验结果显示在单裂缝样品中透射横波发生了波形的畸变和振幅降低,振幅谱显示透射信号的主频明显降低,在初至横波之后为具有一定能量的尾波.对尾波进行时频分析,发现在方位角较小时尾波能量较弱而方位角较大时尾波能量较强,尾波中信号的主频在0.1 MHz左右,与前人理论和实验研究结果一致.  相似文献   

Devonian integrative stratigraphy and timescale of China     

Qie  Wenkun  Ma  Xueping  Xu  Honghe  Qiao  Li  Liang  Kun  Guo  Wen  Song  Junjun  Chen  Bo  Lu  Jianfeng 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2019,62(1):112-134

The Global Boundary Stratotype Sections and Points(GSSPs) for the bases of all seven international Devonian stages have been formally defined and ratified by IUGS till 1996, and nowadays, the main tasks for Devonian stratigraphers include further subdivision of these standard stages, strictly constrained absolute ages for the boundaries, and precise neritic-pelagic and marine-terrestrial correlations using multidisciplinary stratigraphy methods. Establishment of high-resolution Devonian integrative stratigraphy framework and timescale of China would play an important role in improving regional and international correlation, facilitating the recognition of important stratigraphic levels in different paleogeographic settings, and understanding the evolution pattern of biota, paleoclimate and paleoenvironment during this critical interval. Based on well-studied bio-and chronostratigraphy of Devonian in South China and adjacent areas, in combination with recent achievements in carbon isotope stratigraphy, event stratigraphy and radioactive isotope ages, this paper briefly summarize the research history and current status of Devonian chronostratigraphy of China, and for the first time introduce Devonian integrative stratigraphy framework of China.Up to date, few studies have been conducted on the astronomical cyclostratigraphy and high-resolution radioactive isotope dating in Devonian of China, which should be our main focuses in the near future.  相似文献   

Analytical solution of seismic response of base-isolated structure with supplemental inerter     

Kun Ye  Shuai Shu  Liang Hu  Hongping Zhu 《地震工程与结构动力学》2019,48(9):1083-1090

Closed-form solutions are derived for the modal characteristics and seismic response of a base-isolated structure equipped with additional inerters. By simplifying the structure-isolator-inerter system in terms of the two-degree-of-freedom (2DOF) model, the modal frequencies, mode shapes, damping ratios, and participation factors of the system are derived. Consequently, analytical seismic response solutions are formulated by the modal superposition method. Utilizing these analytical solutions, an extensive parametric study has been carried out to investigate the effect of supplement inerters on both the modal characteristics and seismic response of the structure-isolator-inerter system. There is a critical inertance leading to the zero second modal participation factor (ie, the disappearance of the second modal response). The associated critical inertance ratio is derived in closed form as well. Moreover, it is observed that the reduction of deformation of isolators by increasing the inertance may be offset by the increase in relative displacements of the superstructure. To circumvent this adverse effect, an optimal range of inertance is identified whereby both the deformation of isolators and the relative displacement of the superstructure are mitigated concurrently.  相似文献   

基于HTML5+CSS3+jQuery Mobile的台站智能管理系统开发与实现     

姜博  李昆  邹志超  胡宝慧 《防灾减灾学报》2019,35(1):62-65

随着黑龙江省地震局省内运维任务越来越重,出现了运维管理模式无法优化资源配置,运维流程比较随意,设备缺乏数字化管理,运维人员有限等问题。为了解决实际工作问题,结合地震设备运维管理系统软件在黑龙江省区域运维中的应用,采用HTML5+CSS3+jQuery Mobile软件技术开发了一套基于移动端的设备管理系统,使用户可以同时用移动端与PC端,通过Web浏览器操作服务器,实现了区域运维中心对地震监测设备的统一数字化管理,提高了管理效率。  相似文献   

Characteristics of the modern pollen assemblages from different vegetation zones in Northeast China: Implications for pollen-based climate reconstruction     

Qiaoyu CUI  Yan ZHAO  Feng QIN  Chen LIANG  Quan LI  Rongwei GENG 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2019,(10)

Northeast China is an essential area for studying the strength of East Asian Summer Monsoon(EASM), due to its northernmost location in EASM domain. However, the lack of sufficient modern pollen data in this region hinders an effective interpretation of fossil pollen records and quantitative vegetation/climate reconstructions. Here, 44 surface pollen samples from forest, steppe, and meadow were used to explore pollen-vegetation-climate relationships. Cluster analysis, species indicator analysis, and principal components analysis, were used to identify the discontinuous and continuous trends in pollen dataset. In addition, correlation analysis and boosted regression trees were used to investigate primary explanatory variables, while coinertia analysis and redundancy analysis to examine pollen-vegetation and pollen-climate correlations respectively. Our results show that:(1) vegetation can be well represented by surface pollen assemblages, i.e. forest is characterized by a high proportion of tree pollen(70%) dominated by Betula(40%) along with Alnus, Larix, and Pinus, whereas Steppe by herb pollen(80%),dominated by Artemisia, Chenopodiaceae;(2) significant correlations exist between pollen assemblages and mean annual temperature and then mean annual precipitation;(3) pollen ratios of Artemisia/Chenopodiaceae and arboreal/non-arboreal can respectively be used as good indicators of humidity and temperature in Northeast China.  相似文献   

地球内核顶部300km速度和衰减各向异性的区域变化          下载免费PDF全文

秦加岭  孙新蕾  张鹏  范安 《地球物理学报》2020,63(6):2199-2209

衰减结构是地球内核的重要性质,它可以与地球内核的速度结构结合,对内核的形成和演化机制提供更全面的信息.本文系统收集了1991年到2014年全球、区域和临时地震台网的PKPDF和PKPBC数据,研究了澳大利亚、非洲和太平洋中部下方内核顶部300km的速度和衰减各向异性结构.速度结果表明,澳大利亚下方内核的速度没有明显的各向异性,但是非洲和太平洋中部下方的内核具有明显的各向异性,且非洲的速度各向异性强于太平洋中部.同时,相对于AK135模型,澳大利亚的平均速度快0.5%,而非洲和太平洋中部的平均速度与参考模型没有明显差异.对于内核的衰减结构,我们得到以下结果:1)在东西方向,内核顶部200km左右的区域,澳大利亚的衰减最强(Q值在400左右),非洲和太平洋中部的Q值分别在600和500左右.2)澳大利亚下方的内核衰减没有明显的各向异性,非洲和太平洋中部下方的内核衰减存在明显的各向异性.此外,内核在非洲地区的衰减各向异性强于太平洋中部的各向异性.3)最后,内核中三个区域的速度和衰减具有良好的相关性,即高/低速对应于高/低衰减.考虑到以上结果以及三个区域的位置,我们认为内核顶部的速度和衰减结构都存在区域变化,而不是简单的半球变化.这种区域变化很可能是由于核幔边界热结构的不均一性和内核耦合,使得内核顶部的不同区域在形成过程中受不同的变形影响,从而形成铁晶体不同的生长和排列,引发了不同的各向异性特征.  相似文献