我国核电厂设计中考虑的自然灾害综述与建议     

李亮  潘蓉  骆鹏  路雨 《震灾防御技术》2021,16(2):398-403

我国是目前世界在建核电机组最多的国家,总装机容量世界第三,是名副其实的核大国,核安全是国家安全的重要内容,被提到了前所未有的高度。同时,我国也是世界上自然灾害最严重的国家之一,包括核电厂在内的重大工程建设高度重视自然灾害防御设计。日本311地震海啸引起福岛核事故后,核电厂设计中增强了对超设计基准自然灾害的考虑。本文对核电厂防御自然灾害的必要性、核电厂设计中需考虑的自然灾害及国内外核电厂关于防御自然灾害存在的问题进行研究,提出我国核电厂防御自然灾害的建议。  相似文献   

物质点强度折减法边坡失稳判据选择方法     

蒋先平  张鹏  卢艺伟  刘磊磊  张明辉 《地质科技情报》2022,41(2):113-122

用物质点强度折减法求解边坡安全系数时,需要选择一定的失稳判据,而采用不同的失稳判据获得的安全系数通常存在一定差异.为此,采用物质点强度折减法对两个边坡算例进行了稳定性分析,对比研究了文献中常用的4种边坡失稳判据(计算不收敛、特征点位移突变、塑性应变贯通及界限值判据)在计算边坡安全系数时的合理性及适用性.同时,将Spen...  相似文献   

广西百色盆地东部古近系那读组湖相灰岩   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

彭军  郑荣才  陈果 《古地理学报》2004,6(2):163-173

百色盆地东部田东坳陷那坤地区古近系那读组三段下部发育一套数米至数十米厚的湖相灰岩,岩石以浅灰色-灰色、含大量的螺蚌化石和具核形石结构为特征,间夹有薄层的泥岩、钙质泥质粉砂岩。本文在实测地表剖面和详细观察岩心的基础上,仔细研究了此套灰岩的岩石学特征。依据丰富的原生沉积构造、古生物化石标志以及沉积地球化学、测井相特征将湖相灰岩的沉积相划分为滨湖、颗粒滩、浅湖三个亚相以及灰泥坪、沼泽、颗粒坪、滩缘、滩核、滩间水道、灰泥浅湖、泥质浅湖等八个微相,并详细地研究了各微相的沉积特征。结合该灰岩的区域分布和沉积相的平面展布格局指出沉积相主体属于浅湖的颗粒滩,并提出了相应的沉积相模式。  相似文献   

The unification of RBLs with XBLs     

Yuying Bao  Luoen Chen  Huaizhen Li  Jiyang Ren  Weiwei Na  Xiong Zhang  Zhaoyang Peng 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2008,318(3-4):169-180

Many astronomers have discussed the property of BL Lacertae objects, including the variation of spectrum, the correlation of multi-wave bands and the property of polarization, which could give good information for studying intrinsic correlation of components and position of BL Lacertae objects. In the paper, we investigated the properties of RBLs and XBLs and RBLs/XBLs (these objects can also be found by radio survey as by X-ray survey). Firstly, we collected the light curve of 28 BL Lacertae objects, and gained their short timescales by Structure Function (SF). Secondly, we analyzed the distribution of the short timescales of some BL Lacertae objects, including 28 objects’ timescales calculated by SF, as well as the distribution of the redshift and the black hole mass and the flux densities of the multi-wavebands (radio, near-infrared, optical and Gamma-ray). Based on statistical analysis, the result of the paper support the unification model of RBLs and XBLs.  相似文献   

The dark matter environment of the Abell 901/902 supercluster: a weak lensing analysis of the HST STAGES survey     

Catherine Heymans  Meghan E. Gray  Chien Y. Peng  Ludovic Van Waerbeke  Eric F. Bell  Christian Wolf  David Bacon  Michael Balogh  Fabio D. Barazza  Marco Barden  Asmus Böhm  John A. R. Caldwell  Boris Häußler  Knud Jahnke  Shardha Jogee  Eelco van Kampen  Kyle Lane  Daniel H. McIntosh  Klaus Meisenheimer  Yannick Mellier  Sebastian F. Sánchez  y N. Taylor  Lutz Wisotzki  Xianzhong Zheng 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2008,385(3):1431-1442

We present a high-resolution dark matter reconstruction of the   z = 0.165  Abell 901/902 supercluster from a weak lensing analysis of the Hubble Space Telescope STAGES survey. We detect the four main structures of the supercluster at high significance, resolving substructure within and between the clusters. We find that the distribution of dark matter is well traced by the cluster galaxies, with the brightest cluster galaxies marking out the strongest peaks in the dark matter distribution. We also find a significant extension of the dark matter distribution of Abell 901a in the direction of an infalling X-ray group Abell 901α. We present mass, mass-to-light and mass-to-stellar mass ratio measurements of the structures and substructures that we detect. We find no evidence for variation of the mass-to-light and mass-to-stellar mass ratio between the different clusters. We compare our space-based lensing analysis with an earlier ground-based lensing analysis of the supercluster to demonstrate the importance of space-based imaging for future weak lensing dark matter 'observations'.  相似文献   

Application of Accelerometer Data in Precise Orbit Determination of GRACE -A and -B     

Dong-Ju Peng Bin Wu 《中国天文和天体物理学报》2008,8(5)

We investigate how well the GRACE satellite orbits can be determined using the onboard GPS data combined with the accelerometer data.The preprocessing of the accelerometer data and the methods and models used in the orbit determination are presented.In order to assess the orbit accuracy,a number of tests are made,including external orbit comparison,and through Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) residuals and K-band ranging (KBR) residuals.It is shown that the standard deviations of the position differences between the so-called precise science orbits (PSO) produced by GFZ,and the single-difference (SD) and zero-difference (ZD) dynamic orbits are about 7 cm and 6 cm,respectively.The independent SLR validation indicates that the overall root-mean-squared (RMS) errors of the SD solution for days 309-329 of 2002 are about 4.93cm and 5.22cm,for GRACE-A and B respectively; theoverall RMS errors of the ZD solution are about 4.25 cm and 4.71 cm,respectively.The relative accuracy between the two GRACE satellites is validated by the KBR data to be on a level of 1.29 cm for the SD,and 1.03 cm for the ZD solution.  相似文献   

细粒含量对冰碛土抗剪强度影响的实验研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

蒋德旺  崔鹏  王姣  李战鲁  殷延洲  雷鸣宇 《冰川冻土》2019,41(1):129-139

为研究细粒组颗粒在浸水/降雨条件下产生迁移对冰碛土抗剪强度的影响,从西藏林芝市帕隆藏布嘎隆寺沟流域内采取冰碛土样品,进行7种不同细粒（粒径小于2 mm）含量情况下的冰碛土比重和相对密度的测试,开展了不同围压下的大型饱和固结不排水三轴（CU）实验。结果表明：（1）细粒含量对干密度的影响较小,不同细粒含量的冰碛土孔隙比大致相同,细颗粒对孔隙具有改造作用,不同细粒含量会引起孔隙结构的差异,从而导致冰碛土的结构差异,最终导致抗剪强度的不同;（2）细颗粒迁移导致冰碛堤坡脚和内部一定深度细粒含量较高,达到一定的量值时,抗剪强度明显降低,冰碛堤容易发生剪切破坏;（3）细粒含量对抗剪强度参数的变化具有重要影响,从中还可以反映出冰碛土结构控制的变化：粗颗粒控制→粗细颗粒共同控制→细颗粒控制。研究结果对于评价冰碛堤的稳定性具有重要意义。  相似文献   

Study of the impact of energy consumption structure on carbon emission intensity in China from the perspective of spatial effects     

Xiao  Hongwei  Ma  Zhongyu  Zhang  Peng  Liu  Ming 《Natural Hazards》2019,99(3):1365-1380

Natural Hazards - From now until 2030, China will be in a sprint to achieve reductions of 40–45% in carbon emission intensity by 2020 and 60–65% by 2030 compared to 2005; rigid...  相似文献   

障壁坝砂体储层特征与成岩孔隙定量演化模式 ——以鄂尔多斯盆地延长探区本溪组为例   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

胡鹏  于兴河  陈宏亮  赵晨帆  周进松  韩小琴  李亚龙 《沉积学报》2019,37(2):390-402

为明确海陆变迁背景下障壁坝砂体成岩孔隙演化规律,运用岩石薄片、扫描电镜及配套能谱、阴极发光等资料,对延长探区石炭系本溪组障壁成因砂体储集特征与成岩作用进行综合分析,并结合砂岩初始孔隙度恢复模型与薄片孔隙定量分析技术,开展基于埋藏热演化历程的储层孔隙演化参数定量评价,建立该区本溪组障壁坝砂岩孔隙定量演化模式。结果表明:储层砂岩以石英砂岩、岩屑质石英砂岩及岩屑砂岩为主;孔隙度、渗透率平均值分别为4.72%和1.22×10^(-3 )μm^2;储集空间以溶蚀扩大孔、粒内孔、晶间孔为主;现今储层主体已达到晚成岩阶段;砂岩初始孔隙度平均值为38.1%,埋藏至今共经历了四个典型的成岩增/减孔阶段,即P_1～T_2(285～208 Ma)"低地温、快埋藏"的大幅减孔阶段(-30.7%)、T_2～J_3(208～153 Ma)"高地温、缓沉降"的溶蚀增孔阶段(+3.9%)、J_3～K_1(153～96 Ma)"高地温、稳埋深"的减孔定型阶段(-6.6%)、K_1至今(96 Ma～)"低地温、晚隆升"的弱改造阶段。  相似文献   

一种适用于高放废物地质处置数据管理的多源信息分类与编码体系     

王鹏  黄树桃  邬伦  蔡恒  高敏  王洪斌  王树红 《铀矿地质》2019,(1):53-58

综合考虑高放废物地质处置多源信息的数据特点,按照学科专题领域划分原则,同时兼顾GIS等信息技术在新兴领域中的应用,形成了一套适用于高放废物地质处置数据管理的多源信息分类与编码体系。该体系遵循相关国际或国家基础信息标准及废物处置等行业标准,同时采用面向对象程序设计与兼顾GIS分析的思想,有利于更大程度地满足核技术领域信息共享需求。  相似文献