青藏高原西北部帕米尔东北缘构造地貌与活动构造研究   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

潘家伟  李海兵  J.Van der Woerd  孙知明  裴军令  司家亮  邱祝礼 《第四纪研究》2009,29(3):586-598

新生代以来,印度板块与欧亚大陆的碰撞和持续的汇聚在青藏高原西北部的帕米尔地区造成了强烈的陆内变形,形成一系列典型的构造地貌。文章在卫片解译、DEM数据处理的基础上,结合野外地质、地貌观察与测量,对帕米尔东北缘的构造地貌与活动构造特征进行了研究,取得以下认识： 1)在英吉沙地区,通过测量地貌变形面计算出英吉沙背斜隆起高度约为230m,并利用面积平衡法估算出英吉沙背斜的最小构造缩短量约为110m,参考前人的年代学数据计算出英吉沙背斜在中更新世以来的最低隆升速率约为0.23mm/a,最小构造缩短速率约为0.11mm/a; 2)在帕米尔前缘,乌泊尔断裂为一条伴随右旋走滑分量的逆冲断裂,该断裂的右旋走滑作用错断了古近纪地层及流过断裂的河流,通过测量单次地震造成的水系错断量并参考前人研究的该地区大震复发周期约为1000年,估算出该断裂的平均走滑速率为 4.0～6.8mm/a,并推测断裂开始活动的时间大约在 2.2～3.0Ma以前; 3)对喀什地区构造地貌特征的观察与研究表明,明尧勒－喀什背斜和阿图什－踏浪河背斜可能分别为帕米尔东北缘西昆仑山山前冲断带和西南天山山前冲断带的前缘,该地区以西,帕米尔东北缘西昆仑山和西南天山两大构造系统已经发生了碰撞和拼贴。  相似文献   

基于DEM的黄河流域天文辐射空间分布     

邱新法  曾燕  刘昌明  WU Xianfeng 《地理学报(英文版)》2004,14(1)

Based on the developed distributed model for calculating astronomical solar radiation (ASR), monthly ASR with a resolution of 1 km× 1 km for the rugged terrains of Yellow River Basin was calculated, with DEM data as the general characterization of terrain. This model gives an all-sided consideration on factors that influence the ASR. Results suggest that (1) Annual ASR has a progressive decrease trend from south to north; (2) the magnitude order of seasonal ASR is: summer＞spring＞autumn＞winter; (3) topographical factors have robust effect on the spatial distribution of ASR, particularly in winter when a lower sun elevation angle exists; (4) the ASR of slopes with a sunny exposure is generally 2 or 3 times that of slopes with a shading exposure and the extreme difference of ASR for different terrains is over 10 times in January; (5) the spatial differences of ASR are relatively small in summer when a higher sun elevation angle exists and the extremedifference of ASR for different terrains is only 16% in July; and (6) the sequence of topographical influence strength is: winter＞autumn＞spring＞summer.  相似文献   

Kinematic structure of a heavy rain event from dual-Doppler radar observations   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

SHAO Aimei  QIU Chongjian  LIU Liping 《大气科学进展》2004,21(4):609-616

The detailed kinematic structure of a heavy rain event that occurred in the middle reaches oi the Yangtze River was investigated using dual-Doppler radar observation. A variational analysis method was developed to obtain the three-dimensional wind fields. Before the analysis, a data preprocessing procedure was carried out, in which the temporal variation with the scanning time interval and the effect of the earth curvature on the data position were taken into account. The analysis shows that a shear line in the lower and middle levels played an important role in the rainfall event. The precipitation fell mainly on the south end of the shear line where southerly flow prevailed and convergence and updraft were obvious. With the movement and decay of the shear line, the precipitation moved and decayed correspondingly.  相似文献   

2001年1月26日高纬磁层顶通量管事件的观测研究--空间电流密度计算及分析   总被引：8，自引：3，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

肖池阶  濮祖荫  黄宗英  傅绥燕  谢伦  宗秋刚  T Fritz  K-H Glassmeier  刘振兴  曹晋滨  史建魁  沈超  路立  王迺权  陈涛 《地球物理学报》2004,47(4):555-561

讨论了三种根据Cluster Ⅱ四颗卫星的磁场测量数据计算空间电流的方法及其误差,论证了这几种方法的内在一致性,并得到了完全相同的计算结果. 进而依据Cluster Ⅱ 磁场探测资料,计算了2001年1月26日多重磁通量管和FTE事件中高纬磁层顶边界层和磁鞘区的电流密度. 结果表明,磁通量管内电流密度较大,可达到约10-8A/m2;计算精度较高,结果可靠. 本文还应用最小方差分析法（MVA）,发现电流方向与通量管的轴向基本一致;论证了电流MVA分析在研究通量管性质时的作用,同时提出了电流管的概念.  相似文献   

塔里木盆地西北缘克孜布拉克剖面下二叠统砂岩沉积构造背景的初步研究   总被引：10，自引：5，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

王国林  彭更新  邱斌  雷刚林  聂采军  罗俊成  黄智斌 《地质科学》2004,39(4):599-603

塔里木盆地西北缘的下二叠统由下部的凝灰岩和上部的碎屑浊积岩组成,后者的地球化学特征明显不同于被动大陆边缘沉积,是前渊复理石建造.南天山洋盆经早二叠世的大规模消减后在晚二叠世大部分闭合,相应地,塔北的二叠-三叠系组成了从前渊复理石深海沉积经海陆交互相沉积发育为前陆磨拉石粗碎屑岩的完整序列.  相似文献   

Strong motion observations and recordings from the great Wenchuan Earthquake   总被引：23，自引：5，他引：18  

Huang Moh 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2008,7(3):235-246

The National Strong Motion Observation Network System （NSMONS） of China is briefly introduced in this paper. The NSMONS consists of permanent free-field stations, special observation arrays, mobile observatories and a network management system. During the Wenchuan Earthquake, over 1,400 components of acceleration records were obtained from 460 permanent free-field stations and three arrays for topographical effect and structural response observation in the network system from the main shock, and over 20,000 components of acceleration records from strong aftershocks occurred before August 1, 2008 were also obtained by permanent free-field stations of the NSMONS and 59 mobile instruments quickly deployed after the main shock. The strong motion recordings from the main shock and strong aftershocks are summarized in this paper. In the ground motion recordings, there are over 560 components with peak ground acceleration （PGA） over 10 Gal, the largest being 957.7 Gal. The largest PGA recorded during the aftershock exceeds 300 Gal.  相似文献   

海南岛及邻区地壳三维P波速度结构   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

李志雄  雷建设  赵大鹏  武巴特尔  沈繁銮  丘学林 《地震学报》2008,30(5):441-448

利用海南岛及邻区1999——2005年9个地震数字化台站记录到的3 500余条区域初至波到时资料,确定了海南岛及邻区地壳三维P波速度结构. 结果表明,该区域浅部上地壳的波速异常与地表地质构造有一定的相关性,即王五——文教断裂带以北地区波速较低,而以南地区为相对高的波速异常区. 这与琼北地区为凹陷、并伴有多期火山活动和较高的地热背景,而琼中南地区为较稳定的隆起等构造特征相一致. 在其中下地壳,琼东地区相对琼西地区波速较低,可能暗示了地幔热物质上涌等动力学过程. 波速异常分布模式还暗示出北西向断裂带(如铺前——清澜断裂带)较浅,而近东西向的王五——文教断裂带较深,有可能延伸至莫霍面或更深.   相似文献   

Using an airgun array in a land reservoir as the seismic source for seismotectonic studies in northern China: experiments and preliminary results   总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15  

Yong Chen  Lanbo Liu  Hongkui Ge  Baojun Liu  Xuelin Qiu 《Geophysical Prospecting》2008,56(4):601-612

This paper reports the field setup and preliminary results of experiments utilizing an airgun array in a reservoir in north China for a seismotectonic study. Commonly used in offshore petroleum resource exploration, the airgun source was found to be more useful than a traditional explosive source for large‐scale and long offset land seismic surveys. The airgun array, formed by four 1,500 in³ airguns (a total of 6,000 in³ in volume) was placed at a depth of 6–9 m into the reservoir to generate the pressure impulse. No direct evidence was found that the airgun source adversely affected the fish in the reservoir. The peak ground acceleration recorded on the top of the reservoir dam 100 m away was 17.8 gal in the horizontal direction; this is much less than the designed earthquake‐resistance threshold of 125 gal for this dam. The energy for one shot of this airgun array is about 6.68 MJ, equivalent to firing a 1.7 kg explosive. The seismic waves generated by the airgun source were recorded by receivers of the regional seismic networks and a temporary wide‐angle reflection and refraction profile formed by 100 short‐period seismometers with the maximum source‐receiver offset of 206 km. The seismic wave signature at these long‐offset stations is equivalent to that generated by a traditional blast source in a borehole with a 1,000–2,000 kg explosive. Preliminary results showed clear seismic phases from refractions from the multi‐layer crustal structures in the north China region. Forward modelling using numerical simulation confirms that the seismic arrivals are indeed from lower crustal interfaces. The airgun source is efficient, economical, environmentally friendly and suitable for being used in urbanized areas. It has many advantages over an explosive source for seismotectonic studies such as the high repeatability that is supreme for stacking to improve signal qualities. The disadvantage is that the source is limited to existing lakes or reservoirs, which may restrict experimental geometry.  相似文献   

长江口竹园排污区磷的转移动力学   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

陈希青  陈松 《台湾海峡》1998,17(3):255-261

模拟研究上海市污水排放长江口竹园排污区时,污水－海水混合过程中磷含量和形态的变化,及基在颗粒物－海水界面的转移动力学,提供动力学模式,测定转移的速率,进行容量校正,为上海市污水排海环境容量估算和水质控制提供动力学资料和理论依据。  相似文献   

论构造复合   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

丘元禧 《地质力学学报》1998,4(1):1-12

构造复合现象在地壳岩石圈中普遍存在,它是构造运动多期次多阶段发展的记录。构造复合存在多种多样的形式,其基本形式不仅包括各种形迹的复合,建造与形迹的复合,而且包括建造与建造的复合;就其复合的空间位置而言,既有原地的复合,也有异地的复合;就运动方式而言,既有同方式运动的复合,也有不同方式运动的复合;就构造复合的规模和等级而言,小至小型或显微构造,中至露头规模的构造形迹复合,大至构造带、构造地块、构造体系乃至巨型构造域(岩石圈板块)的复合。
文章特别强调了复合构造域和区域构造体系等概念。用三大板块相互作用和构造复合的概念解释了存在于我国及其邻区的区域构造体系的形成机制。文章的最后提出了构造复合的若干基本规律。   相似文献