黄、渤海小黄鱼耳石元素指纹分析及其在种群补充群体识别中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王玉堃  黄建生  戴芳群  唐学玺  孙耀  金显仕 《海洋学报》2016,38(6):32-40

利用电感耦合等离子质谱ICP-MS元素分析方法,测定了黄、渤海125尾小黄鱼的耳石元素指纹图谱,共检测到Mg、Al、Mn、Cu、Zn、Sr、Ba、Ca等8种指纹元素。不同采样站位小黄鱼耳石元素含量均存在显著性差异,线性判别分析可以有效识别不同站位的小黄鱼群体,判别成功率为65%~96%,整体判别成功率为86%。基于耳石元素指纹图谱特征进行聚类分析,可以将黄、渤海小黄鱼早期补充群体划分为渤海种群、黄海中部种群和南黄海种群,其中黄海中部种群站位交叉明显。  相似文献   

病毒: 海洋生态动力学和疾病学研究的创新点   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

李娟  黄倢  唐学玺 《海洋湖沼通报》2005,(2):79-87

病毒在海水中的浓度为10^7～10^9个／mL，多种多样的海洋病毒几乎对所有的海洋生物都有影响，5％～40％的海洋生物是被病毒销毁的，近30％海洋蓝藻和60％游离异养菌的死亡与病毒有关。地球26％的碳循环经海洋病毒完成。病毒可以影响许多生物地球化学过程和生态学过程，包括营养物循环、颗粒大小分布和沉积率、细菌和藻类的多样性和物种分布、赤潮控制、全球气候变化和种闻基因转移。各种生物种群内和种群闻有机会充分接触，为病毒传播及变异创造了条件，使海洋系统成为极富多样性的原始病毒库，除了对海洋细菌、蓝细菌、真核藻类、浮游生物等重要海洋初级生产力和次级生产力相关的种群的感染而影响整个海洋生态系以外，病毒还导致海水养殖品种发生多种病毒性痰病，病毒生态学特征对海洋生物痰病的发生和流行起着十分关键的影响作用。虽然国际上海洋病毒研究取得了重要的研究进展，但与海洋病毒的实际作用相比，研究还只是初现端倪，学科具有广阔的发展空间。  相似文献   

UV-B辐射对2种海洋微藻的生理效应   总被引：2，自引：5，他引：2  

徐达  唐学玺  张培玉 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2003,33(2):240-244

应用同位素标志法 ,研究了 UV- B辐射增强对三角褐指藻、扁藻核酸和蛋白质合成动态的影响。结果表明 ,三角褐指藻对 UV- B辐射增强的耐受性高于扁藻 ;UV- B辐射增强抑制扁藻的生长和 DNA的合成 ;低剂量的 UV- B辐射刺激三角褐指藻的生长和 DNA的合成 ;高剂量则表现出抑制作用。同时 ,随着 UV- B辐射的增强 ,2种海洋微藻 RNA和蛋白质的合成速度下降 ,其中扁藻合成速度的下降幅度明显大于三角褐指藻 ,表明三角褐指藻 RNA和蛋白质的合成对 UV- B辐射增强的敏感性低于扁藻。  相似文献   

盐胁迫对海滨香豌豆叶片三种物质含量的影响     

黄健  唐学玺  付萌 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1997,(4)

实验检测在不同浓度的盐胁迫及不同的胁迫时间下，海滨香豌豆叶片内脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖三种成份含量的变化。得出：脯氨酸含量随盐胁迫浓度和胁迫时间变化呈现一定的正相关；可溶性蛋白则呈相对比较稳定的趋势；而可溶性糖则呈无规则变化。这些结果表明，在以上三指标中，脯氨酸对盐胁迫起主要的调节作用。  相似文献   

赤潮数值研究的有关问题   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

管玉平  林一骅 《海洋预报》1996,13(4):27-30

赤潮的实质是一个海洋生态系统动力学问题，本文初步给出了描述赤潮的基本动力学方程组，并讨论了进行赤潮数值研究的必要性。数值方法既利于赤潮机理的研究又可以推动赤潮预报的发展  相似文献   

River flow control on the phytoplankton dynamics of Chesapeake Bay     

YU Qingyun  WANG You  TANG Xuexi  LI Ming 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2013,12(1):103-114

Recent observations support an emerging paradigm that climate variability dominates nutrient enrichment in costal eco-systems, which can explain seasonal and inter-annual variability of phytoplankton community composition, biomass (Chl-a), and primary production (PP). In this paper, we combined observation and modeling to investigate the regulation of phytoplankton dynamics in Chesapeake Bay. The year we chose is 1996 that has high river runoff and is usually called a ’wet year’. A 3-D physical-biogeochemical model based on ROMS was developed to simulate the seasonal cycle and the regional distributions of phytoplankton biomass and primary production in Chesapeake Bay. Based on the model results, NO3 presents a strong contrast to the river nitrate load during spring and the highest concentration in the bay reaches around 80 mmol Nm-3 . Compared with the normal year, phytoplankton bloom in spring of 1996 appears in lower latitudes with a higher concentration. Quantitative comparison between the modeled and observed seasonal averaged dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentrations shows that the model produces reliable results. The correlation coefficient r2 for all quantities exceeds 0.95, and the skill parameter for the four seasons is all above 0.95.  相似文献   

测站数目和观测弧段对GPS解算地球自转参数的影响分析     

魏二虎  刘学习  孙浪浪  万丽华 《大地测量与地球动力学》2017,37(2):187-191

应用GPS技术解算ERP参数时,其精度受到测站的选取、网形结构等因素的影响。针对该问题,利用全球IGS站的GPS数据并采用控制变量法,依次分析了不同测站数目、不同观测弧段长度等因素对解算ERP参数的影响。研究发现,这两种因素对解算ERP参数有较大影响,应当根据不同的测站数目选取相应的观测弧段长度,才能达到最佳的解算效率和解算精度。  相似文献   

天津市夜间城市热岛的数值模拟   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

边海  铁学熙 《地理学报》1988,(2)

本文基于Myrap等人的工作,提出了一个能量平衡模式,并用实测的天津市夜间近地面温度场对模式进行了验证.应用这个模式,可给出天津市近地面热岛的适当预报,同时,可对天津市夜间城市热岛中各能量通量的空间变化进行讨论.  相似文献   

Use of antioxidant enzymes of clam <Emphasis Type="Italic">Ruditapes philippinarum</Emphasis> as biomarker to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollution     

朱琳  唐学玺  王影  隋亚栋  肖慧 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2016,34(2):416-421

The typical organic pollutant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) anthracene was selected as a contaminant to investigate its effects on the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the clam Ruditapes philippinarum. The results show that SOD, CAT and GSH-Px had diff erent induction and inhibition reactions to anthracene stress, and that three diff erent organs in R. philippinarum (visceral mass, muscle tissue and mantle) had diff erent sensitivities to anthracene stress. This study suggest that SOD activities of the visceral mass, CAT activitities of the mantle and the visceral mass, and GSH-Px activity of the muscle tissue could be used as sensitive indicators of anthracene stress in R. philippinarum.  相似文献   

Allelopathic effects of macroalga <Emphasis Type="Italic">Corallina pilulifera</Emphasis> on the red-tide forming alga <Emphasis Type="Italic">Heterosigma akashiwo</Emphasis> under laboratory conditions     

王仁君  唐学玺 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2016,34(2):314-321

Over the past few years, harmful algal blooms (HABs), such as red tides, have been frequently observed in coastal zones worldwide. The natural allelopathic interactions among macroalgae and red tide microalgae can alter the structure and succession of aquatic ecosystems. We investigated the influence of four environmental factors (temperature, salinity, light, and pH) on the allelopathic effects of the macroalgae Corallina pilulifera on red-tide forming Heterosigma akashiwo under laboratory conditions. Each of the factors had four levels: temperature (15, 20, 25, and 30°C), salinity (10, 20, 30, and 40), light (20, 100, 200 and 400 μmol/(m²?s)), and pH (5.5, 7, 8.5, and 10. Two-factor experiments were designed for each two environmental factors, with six combination treatments (temperature-salinity, temperature-light, temperature-pH, salinity-light, salinity-pH, and light-pH). Results showed that the allelopathic effect was significantly influenced by temperature, salinity, light, and pH. As single factors, the low temperature (15°C), low salinity (10), high-intensity light (400 μmol/(m²?s)), and high pH (10) treatments substantially enhanced the allelopathic effect. The strongest allelopathic effect of C. pilulifera on H. akashiwo was observed under the following treatments: 15°C and salinity of 40, 25°C and pH 10, 25°C with medium- to high-intensity light at 200–400 μmol/(m 2 ?s), 400 μmol/(m²?s) and salinity of 10, 400 μmol/(m²?s) and pH 10, and pH 10 with a salinity of 40.  相似文献