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昆明巫家坝地处滇池流域,部分地区其第四系土层厚度超过百米,含有多层泥炭质土及软弱层,常规静力触探手段无法满足要求,严重制约昆明地区建筑基坑与基础设计。为解决这个问题,通过改进静力触探试验方法,对场地90 m深度内土层进行超深静力触探测试,结合室内土工实验结果,对比静探数据与钻孔数据,结果表明:(1)静探反映的地层信息与现场钻探获得的土层信息基本一致,且与周边类似项目数据吻合。通过分析数据发现:(2)地表10 m深度以内的地层,受以往工程活动影响,静力触探侧摩阻力较经验值偏大;(3)深度90 m以内地层的侧摩阻力随深度增加而增加;(4)泥炭质土与粉土常相伴出现,结合各类土层地质成因分析,此特征是滇池水位变化引起的。 相似文献
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近年来, 准噶尔盆地石炭系火山岩勘探屡获突破, 展现了火山岩储层良好的勘探前景。由于准噶尔盆地石炭系火山岩存在埋藏深度大, 受勘探手段和地球物理资料品质等因素的制约, 深层火山岩的识别与解释目前仍存在诸多困难和问题, 为油田地震勘探工作带来了极大困难。如何通过现有物探方法和技术提高深部火山岩的分辨、识别能力, 具有很强的理论和实际意义。由于特殊地质体在密度、磁化率或电阻率等物性组合方面存在特殊性, 因此可通过多方法综合物探技术对其进行综合识别、限定。本文在深入分析达巴松凸起钻井、物性资料的基础上, 利用重磁电异常信息模式判别技术, 预测了石炭系火山岩的平面展布, 缩小和锁定了深层火山岩地震勘探的有利靶区; 再以地震相分析、地震属性解释、构造制图及综合评价为主要技术手段, 对深层火山岩进行定量识别和预测, 落实和优选了深层火山岩有利勘探目标, 并取得了良好效果。总结了深层特殊地质体勘探的高精度地震资料采集和重磁电震(井)综合应用、联合反演解释等手段, 极大地提高了准噶尔盆地深层火成岩的勘探精度。 相似文献
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Climate change is likely to affect hydrological cycle through precipitation,evapotranspiration,soil moisture etc.In the present study,an attempt has been made to study the climate change and the sensitivity of estimated evapotranspiration to each climatic variable for a semi-arid region of Beijing in North China using data set from 1951 to 2010.Penman-Monteith method was used to calculate reference crop evapotranspiration(ETo).Changes of ETo to each climatic variable was estimated using a sensitivity analysis method proposed in this study.Results show that in the past 60 years,mean temperature and vapor pressure deficit(VPD) were significantly increasing,relative humidity and sunshine hours were significantly decreasing,and wind speed greatly oscillated without a significant trend.Total precipitation was significantly decreasing in corn season(from June to September),but it was increasing in wheat season(from October to next May).The change rates of temperature,relative humidity,VPD,wind speed,annual total precipitation,sunshine hours and solar radiation were 0.42℃,1.47%,0.04 kPa,0.05 m·s–1,25.0 mm,74.0 hours and 90.7 MJ·m–2per decade,respectively.In the past 60 years,yearly ETo was increasing with a rate of 19.5 mm per decade,and total ETos in wheat and corn seasons were increasing with rates of 13.1 and 5.3 mm per decade,respectively.Sensitivity analysis showed that mean air temperature was the first key factor for ETo change in the past 60 years,causing an annual total ETo increase of 7.4%,followed by relative humidity(5.5%) and sunshine hours(–3.1%);the less sensitivity factors were wind speed(0.7%),minimum temperature(–0.3%) and maximum temperature(–0.2%).A greater reduction of total ETo(12.3%) in the past 60 years was found in wheat season,mainly because of mean temperature(8.6%) and relative humidity(5.4%),as compared to a reduction of 6.0% in ETo during corn season due to sunshine hours(–6.9%),relative humidity(4.7%) and temperature(4.5%).Increasing precipitation in the wheat season will improve crop growth,while decreasing precipitation and increasing ETo in the corn season induces a great pressure for local government and farmers to use water more efficiently by widely adopting water-saving technologies in the future. 相似文献
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藏东横断山区草地利用变化对土壤质量的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
草地利用变化导致的土壤质量演变已经引起了全球广泛关注,然而有关西藏高原这方面的研究目前还很少.为此,探讨藏东横断山区草地转变成坡耕地后土壤质茸变化.选择3种土地利用类型:草地、短期耕作坡耕地、长期耕作坡耕地,采集土壤表层样品,并测定土壤理化性质.利用土壤退化指数(DI)与土壤质量综合指数(I_Q)评价了3种土地类型的土壤质量.结果表明:草地垦殖后的短期耕作造成表层土壤容重、砂粒含量明显增大(容重:从1.11 g/cm~3增大至1.32 g/cm~3;砂粒含量:从43.3%增大至54.7%),粘粒、粉粒含量明显减小;长期耕作导致土壤表层厚度明显增加(从23.6 cm增加到30.6 cm),有机质与全氮含量显著降低(分别降低29%、22%);两种坡耕地全磷与全钾含量变化均不明显.短期、长期耕作坡耕地DI与IQ均低于草地,表明坡耕地土壤质量出现退化.利用DI与I_Q评价出来的短期耕作坡耕地与长期耕作坡耕地土壤质量退化程度不一致,表明这两种指数不能等效地评价该区不同土地利用类型下的土壤质量.土壤质量综合指数被认为是评价本研究区土壤质量状况的一种更合理方法.据此断定,长期耕作坡耕地土壤质量退化较严重. 相似文献
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陕西省日照时数和日照百分率时空分布演变特征 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
根据陕西省96站1971—2005年年日照时数、日照百分率资料,应用EOF和REOF等统计方法分析了陕西省年日照时数的时空演变特征,结果表明：陕西省年日照时数可分为全省一致、陕南地区为中心、延安地区为中心、榆林地区为中心等多种分布型。日照百分率与日照时数的分布十分相似。且各种分布型都具有明显的年代际变化特征,即近40a来日照时数、日照百分率,秦岭山区及以南地区、陕北长城沿线及渭北高原地区呈缓慢减少趋势,延安地区及关中西北部呈缓慢持续增加趋势。 相似文献
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