海洋微生物学的主要任务     

A.E.科利斯 《海洋与湖沼》1958,1(2):337-343

海——微生物栖息的特殊环境。特殊的盐类成分,低温,高压,低浓度的有机物质,植物及动物区系的稀少等组成了微生物生命活动的广阔海洋区域一些主要生态特征。 海洋中最初的微生物学研究,早在上一世纪就已进行了,但足它们局限于较狭小的任务——  相似文献   

Responses of a Mediterranean soft bottom community to short-term (1993-1996) hydrological changes in the Rhone river   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Salen-Picard C  Arlhac D  Alliot E 《Marine environmental research》2003,55(5):409-427

The polychaete fauna of muddy bottoms off the Rhone delta (NW Mediterranean) was seasonally sampled at two sites at 70 m depth, from 1993 to 1996. During this period, five severe flood events occurred. A clustering analysis (distance coefficient of Whittaker) and three way fixed factor ANOVAs (site x season x year) showed strong year-to-year changes in species density and community structure, changes that masked seasonal variations. Total density increased by a factor of 3 and density of most species significantly increased following the first flooding event. Changes in the community structure were due to the successive dominance of a few species. The opportunistic species, such as Cossura sp., Mediomastus sp. and Polycirrus sp., exhibited peaks in density 1-3 months after the flood. These peaks were followed by a drastic decline. For species with a long life span, such as Sternaspis scutata, a slower but continuous increase in density was observed which was maintained for several months. The density fluctuations of these species exhibited a good correlation with river flow with time lags of 1-2 years. The successional dynamics observed are explained according to the geographical origin of the floods and the biology and feeding ecology of species.  相似文献   

Cloning of a chub metallothionein cDNA and development of competitive RT-PCR of chub metallothionein mRNA as a potential biomarker of heavy metal exposure   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Hayes RA  Regondi S  Winter MJ  Butler PJ  Agradi E  Taylor EW  Kevin Chipman J 《Marine environmental research》2004,58(2-5):665-669

Metallothionein has been assayed in a range of aquatic animal tissues as an indicator of metal exposure. We sequenced chub (Leuciscus cephalus) metallothionein cDNA which showed over 90% homology to common carp, goldfish and stone loach and 77% homology to rainbow trout sequences for metallothionein. We then used the extended primer method to develop an accurate quantitative competitive RT-PCR assay for metallothionein mRNA. RT-PCR was used to measure metallothionein mRNA in feral chub from a range of field sites, with different levels of heavy metal pollution, in the West Midlands, UK. Measurements were complemented by analysis of liver and gill metallothionein protein by capillary electrophoresis. There was no significant difference in the metallothionein protein levels between fish of different rivers and there was no evidence of elevation of mRNA at the sites of highest metal exposure. The level of metal exposure (e.g. zinc, nickel and cadmium each ranging between 15 and 28 microg/l ) at the pH (7.5-8.5) of these rivers appears insufficient to elevate hepatic or gill metallothionein in chub. A lack of elevation of hepatic metallothionein mRNA in chub exposed to zinc, copper and manganese for 24 h and 10 days in the laboratory also suggests a non-responsiveness of this species.  相似文献   

几种无色硅藻的生理特性及其细胞微细结构的研究     

吴伯堂  ChiaweiLiandB.E.Volcani 《热带海洋学报》1982,(2)

海洋中绝大多数硅藻细胞都有叶绿体,且能利用各种无机盐进行光合作用,称为光合硅藻。但也有不少硅藻尚能利用各种有机物质进行异养生活,据报道约50种左右。其中少数几种完全缺少光合色素,不能进行光合作用,只能利用有机碳或有机氮进行专性异养生活。它们主要生活于沿岸潮间带,特别附生于各种多细胞海藻体上。这类单细胞硅藻,种类不多,但为世界广分布的种类。到目前为止,对无色硅藻的研究报道还很少。本文第一作者在分离培养一种无色硅藻Nitzschia alba Lewin and Lewin作  相似文献   

菲律宾断层：菲律宾地球运动学的关键     

Barrer  E 康继本 《海洋地质译丛》1991,(6):17-21

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台湾海峡西部海域温、盐度的时间变化   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

肖晖  蔡淑惠  曾刚 《台湾海峡》1988,(4)

本文根据1984—1985年台湾海峡西部海域海洋综合调查资料,分析了海水温、盐度年、日较差及年、日变化特征,并对其成因进行了分析探讨。  相似文献   

千岛深海盆的起源     

E.  BA 辛春 《海洋地质译丛》1991,(5):8-17

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横贯南极山脉的幕式隆起     

Stump.  E 韩乃明 《海洋地质译丛》1992,(5):50-54

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等离子体技术及其在地质上的应用     

S．E．Jackson周世光  王圣洁 《海洋地质前沿》1994,(7):19-21

激光烧蚀微探针等离子体质谱的地质应用。自1989年以来，我们实验室就积极开展了激光烧蚀微探针(LAM)试样引入系统的研究工作，这种技术适合于ICP—MS分析地质样品中小体积矿物(激光烧蚀孔穴直径低于10—100μm)．对某些样品．采用Nd：YAG激光的基本IR波长(1064nm)，作为多数用途，4倍频率(uv)的波长(266nm)能产生较小的直径，并较好地形成孔穴．  相似文献   

杭州湾南岸潮滩的~(210)Pb分布及其沉积学意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李炎  G.W.Berger  Tj.C.E.vanWeering 《海洋学研究》1993,(1)

杭州湾南岸潮滩的~(210)Pb垂向分布具有随深度波动的特征。湖滩颗粒物在吸附模拟系统中的~(210)Pb分配系数,主要受颗粒物含量的影响。本文从潮滩沉积~(210)Pb初始比度在低于平衡点一侧波动的机理,以及被沉积间断所分隔的有效封闭段的存在出发,提出选择常态沉积层的高~(210)Pb比度窗口,建立以CIC模式估计潮滩沉积速率的方法。  相似文献