Upper-Tropospheric Environment–Tropical Cyclone Interactions over the Western North Pacific: A Statistical Study     

Yu-Kun QIAN  Chang-Xia LIANG  Zhuojian YUAN  Shiqiu PENG  Junjie WU  Sihua WANG 《大气科学进展》2016,33(5):614-631

Based on 25-year(1987–2011) tropical cyclone(TC) best track data, a statistical study was carried out to investigate the basic features of upper-tropospheric TC–environment interactions over the western North Pacific. Interaction was defined as the absolute value of eddy momentum flux convergence(EFC) exceeding 10 m s~(-1)d~(-1). Based on this definition, it was found that 18% of all six-hourly TC samples experienced interaction. Extreme interaction cases showed that EFC can reach~120 m s~(-1)d~(-1) during the extratropical-cyclone(EC) stage, an order of magnitude larger than reported in previous studies.Composite analysis showed that positive interactions are characterized by a double-jet flow pattern, rather than the traditional trough pattern, because it is the jets that bring in large EFC from the upper-level environment to the TC center. The role of the outflow jet is also enhanced by relatively low inertial stability, as compared to the inflow jet. Among several environmental factors, it was found that extremely large EFC is usually accompanied by high inertial stability, low SST and strong vertical wind shear(VWS). Thus, the positive effect of EFC is cancelled by their negative effects. Only those samples during the EC stage, whose intensities were less dependent on VWS and the underlying SST, could survive in extremely large EFC environments, or even re-intensify. For classical TCs(not in the EC stage), it was found that environments with a moderate EFC value generally below ~25 m s~(-1)d~(-1) are more favorable for a TC's intensification than those with extremely large EFC.  相似文献   

A GCM investigation of dust aerosol impact on the regional climate of North Africa and South/East Asia     

Y. Gu  Y. Xue  F. De Sales  K. N. Liou 《Climate Dynamics》2016,46(7-8):2353-2370

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淮河流域夏季降水异常与若干气候因子的关系   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

王月  张强  顾西辉  孔冬冬 《应用气象学报》2016,27(1):67-74

基于旋转经验正交函数分解 (REOF) 方法探讨淮河流域1961—2010年夏季降水与厄尔尼诺/南方涛动 (ENSO)、北大西洋涛动 (NAO)、印度洋偶极子 (IOD)、太平洋年代际振荡 (PDO) 之间的关系,并进一步分析各气候因子不同位相单独以及联合对淮河流域夏季降水的影响。结果表明:淮河流域夏季降水与ENSO,PDO,NAO,IOD等气候因子具有较稳定的相关性,其中,PDO和IOD是影响淮河流域夏季降水的关键因子,且PDO与夏季降水呈显著负相关关系;各气候因子的冷暖位相单独及联合对淮河流域夏季降水的影响不同,PDO的冷期以及NAO,IOD冷位相使流域北部的夏季降水量呈显著增加趋势,PDO分别联合ENSO,NAO和IOD的冷、暖位相对流域北部地区和淮河上游地区的夏季降水影响显著。  相似文献   

FY-3微波成像仪10.6 GHz通道超分辨率图像重建          下载免费PDF全文

陈博洋  谷松岩  陈凡胜 《应用气象学报》2016,27(1):123-128

为改善风云三号 (FY-3) 微波成像仪10.6 GHz通道空间分辨率,提出利用超分辨率图像重建算法进行图像重建。分析并指出FY-3微波成像仪10.6 GHz通道具有过采样特征,具备重建得到高于瞬时视场图像的潜力;基于超分辨率图像重建理论,根据FY-3气象卫星轨道、姿态,微波成像仪性能参数以及工作模式等物理约束,建立微波成像仪的超分辨率成像模型,并推导计算出超分辨率成像模型参数;采用POCS算法重建得到10.6 GHz通道的超分辨率图像,采用目视比较分析、图像统计分析对重建图像进行质量评价:重建图像像元平均梯度提高26.5%,功率谱分量和提高5.7%,重建图像具有更高的空间分辨率;台风亮温分析应用显示了从重建图像可发现更微小的景物细节目标。采用超分辨率图像重建算法对FY-3微波成像仪10.6 GHz通道进行重建处理,结果有效且正确,可为数据用户提供更多可用的遥感数据,对微波遥感数据应用具有提升作用。  相似文献   

巴楚县冬小麦生育期气温变化及其对小麦产量的影响     

郝宏飞  辜永强  郝宏蕾 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2016,10(5):52-57

利用新疆巴楚气象站1984—2013年逐日气象资料,运用线性回归、趋势系数、异常度、Mann-Kendall突变检验等方法,分析了巴楚县多时间尺度气温的变化特征对冬小麦生长发育和产量的影响。结果表明:近30 a巴楚县冬季、春季平均气温均呈上升趋势,其中春季平均气温上升趋势显著,并于1998年发生了增暖性突变;寒冷日和酷冷日数均呈减少趋势,其中寒冷日数在1996年发生了减少性突变;稳定通过0℃界限温度的初日表现为提前、终日表现为推迟,持续日数则相应表现为增加趋势;日最高气温≥30℃日数呈增加趋势;冬小麦生长季内前期气温偏低,后期气温偏高是影响小麦产量的主要气候因子,其中抽穗、开花期的平均气温与小麦产量显著相关。  相似文献   

多波束测量的精度控制与规范指标   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

梁志诚  黄文骞  魏帅  吴坚  张俊杰 《测绘工程》2016,25(2)

分析多波束测量、辅助测量的数据精度,研究其对成果水深的影响程度,结合《海道测量规范》与《多波束水深测量技术规定》中的测量等级指标,以及IHO规范中对水深不确定度的定义和传播结构的介绍,建立数学模型反解出符合规范的作业环境与辅助测量数据的等级指标,提出明确的多波束测量作业精度控制的技术指标,为测量数据的质量监控建立更全面的评价标准。  相似文献   

强度折减法在某核电站泵房边坡分析中的应用     

马波  顾生泉  葛鸿辉 《岩土工程技术》2016,(4):193-198

对边坡稳定性分别采用按极限平衡法、有限元强度折减法进行二维分析,通过对比计算结果来验证强度折减法分析的准确性与可行性。针对边坡开挖与加固及隧洞开挖的三维效应,采用三维弹塑性有限元强度折减法分析计算边坡的稳定性,计算分析了开挖完成、支护完成条件下边坡安全系数、位移分布、主应力分布、等效塑性应变区和潜在滑动面。结果表明,支护加固可较大提高边坡的稳定安全系数,三维强度折减法分析在岩土工程领域具有明显优势。  相似文献   

Testate amoebae as indicators of water quality and contamination in shallow lakes of the Middle and Lower Yangtze Plain     

Yangmin Qin  Richard Payne  Xiangdong Yang  Min Yao  Jiantao Xue  Yansheng Gu  Shucheng Xie 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2016,75(7):627

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The effects of clay minerals and organic matter on nanoscale pores in Lower Paleozoic shale gas reservoirs,Guizhou, China     

Yuantao Gu  Quan Wan  Wenbin Yu  Xiaoxia Li  Zhongbin Yu 《中国地球化学学报》2018,37(6):791-804

In organic-rich gas shales, clay minerals and organic matter (OM) have significant influences on the origin, preservation, and production of shale gas. Because of the substantial role of nanoscale pores in the generation, storage, and seepage of shale gas, we examined the effects of clay minerals and OM on nanoscale pore distribution characteristics in Lower Paleozoic shale gas reservoirs. Using the Niutitang and Longmaxi shales as examples, we determined the effects of clay minerals and OM on pores through sedimentation experiments. Field emission–scanning electron microscopy combined with low-pressure N₂ adsorption of the samples before and after sedimentation showed significant differences in pore location and pore size distribution between the Niutitang and Longmaxi shales. Nanoscale pores mostly existed in OM in the Longmaxi shale and in clay minerals or OM–clay composites in the Niutitang shale. The distribution differences were attributed largely to variability in thermal evolution and tectonic development and might account for the difference in gas-bearing capacity between the Niutitang and Longmaxi reservoirs. In the nanoscale range, mesopores accounted for 61–76% of total nanoscale pore volume. Considerably developed nanoscale pores in OM were distributed in a broad size range in the Longmaxi shale, which led to good pore connectivity and gas production. Numerous narrow pores (i.e., pores?<?20 nm) in OM–clay composites were found in the Niutitang shale, and might account for this shale’s poor pore connectivity and low gas production efficiency. Enhancing the connectivity of the mesopores (especially pores?<?20 nm and those developed in OM–clay composites) might be the key to improving development of the Niutitang shale. The findings provide new insight into the formation and evolutionary mechanism of nanoscale pores developed in OM and clay minerals.  相似文献   

Geochemistry and geochronology of Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous intrusions related to some Au (Sb) deposits in southern Anhui: a case study and review     

Qing Hu  Huangling Gu  Xiaoyong Yang  Yisu Ren  Ergen Gao  Zhangxing Nie 《中国地球化学学报》2018,37(3):360-383

Some Au deposits in southern Anhui Province have recently been found to be closely associated with Late Mesozoic intrusions. Typical examples include the Huashan Au (Sb) deposit and Au deposits at Zhaojialing, Wuxi, and Liaojia. In order to understand the mechanisms that led the formation of these Au deposits, we make detailed reviews on the geological characteristics of these Au deposits. Specifically, we present new LA-ICP-MS zircon U–Pb dating, along with elemental and Hf isotopic data from the Huashan Au (Sb) deposit. Our data suggests that the Huashan ore-related intrusions were emplaced during the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous periods (144–148 Ma). They are characterized by arc-magma features and high oxygen fugacity and are rich in inherited zircons. Zircon U–Pb ages and Lu–Hf isotopes from intrusions suggest that Proterozoic juvenile lithosphere is the main source of these intrusions. The regional geological history implies that lithosphere beneath southern Anhui was produced during a Proterozoic subduction and was fertilized with Au (Cu) in the process. Integrated with the results of previous studies, we inferred that Late Mesozoic intrusions formed by the remelting of the lithosphere could provide the metal endowment for the Au-rich deposits in southern Anhui.  相似文献